ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to extend my special thanks of gratitude to the Government of India (ITEC) for nominating me and
sponsoring for the aforementioned training financially and technically supporting to enhance my technical skill and
knowledge in the field of Design, erection, operation, maintenance and protection of EHV substation which would
ultimately contribute to nation building as a whole.

I would also like to extend my special thanks to the highly qualified and experience faculty of REC Institute of Power
Management and Training for sharing their most valuable knowledge in technical expect for aforementioned
training program both theoretical and practical by experience sharing and interacting in most effective way of
communication.

Lastly my sincere and special thanks to the course coordinator, course Director, project coordinator and program
coordinator for their hard work to make the course fruitful and having facilitated us with excellent service in the
hostel and serving us with the delicious meal.

TABLE OF CONTENT

1. Introduction
2. Power Sector in Bhuta

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1 AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM.
1.1 Introduction

Indoor Building installation has been performed using radiant floor for heating embedded in false ceiling.
The operation of both facilities will be as follows

 In heating mode the radiant floor will start operating, anticipating the beginning of each
performance in order to reach the comfort level, before the entrance of the public to the enclosure.

The study of thermal loads was performed according to the following hypotheses:

The use of the building will be from 10 AM to 5 PM for public personal.

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According to the calculations made, are established thermal loads of 200 kW in Heating. See full report of
thermal loads in Annex I.

The Schematic Vertical of the installation is detailed below.

The energy study of the consumption associated with the start-up and Performance of the Building DGPC
in Heating has been done with Energy plus Software. The results are in ‘Annexure II. Simulation.’

1.2 Aerothermal Heat Pump System

The production of heating will be carried out by means of an Aerothermal Heat Pump, installed in the last
floor of the building, in a place where access to the outside air is.

The Heat Pump will produce power for the heating system by means a hydraulic group with the benefits:
17225 l/h and 8 m W.C.

The heating system consists of one 3000 liter Buffer tank and an expansion vessel 250 liters. This reservoir
will provide hot water to the radiant floor, placed in all the spaces of the building, by hydraulic groups
located in a general collector. There will be two collectors, one outlet and one returning. Each of the
hydraulic groups will feed each of the designed zones, independently and when required by the main
thermostat. The number of different climate zones designed is 7.

In each floor will be placed small collectors, one for each zone, from where to distribute the hot water to
the collectors of the radiant floor

The electronic control of the heat pump will regulate the supply of hot water to each of the tanks according
to the predetermined set point temperatures.

The pipes will run through the shafts arranged on each wing of the building for such purpose.

The Heat Pumps will be of a recognized brand, and its sound level in normal working conditions, measured
at 1 m. of the team horizontally and 1.5 meters above the ground will be less than 54 dB (A). The units will
be fully equipped, ie with condenser, evaporator, motor, starter, protections, compressor, refrigerant
charge, oil charge, purge or pump, control panel, sensors, anti-vibration insulation, connections, insulation
and auxiliary elements. The units shall provide the capacities indicated in the conditions indicated in this
project document without exceeding the specified consumption.

3 heat pumps have been provided, 2 for cascade function, and one for backup, of 200 kW power in heating
mode.

The equipment shall be properly marked with the condensate air inlet and outlet circuits, as well as the
incoming and outgoing water circuits.

The heat pump will have the necessary safety and control elements for a correct operation (high safety and
low pressure, flow regulating valve, selection switch commissioning compressors, etc.). The equipment will
be in the open, with helical fans, so they must have the necessary treatment, to avoid deterioration due to
atmospheric causes (rain, snow, sun, etc.).

A canal should be made around the foundation to evacuate wastewater discharged in the vicinity of the
machines.

2 RADIANT FLOOR DESCRIPTION

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The underfloor heating system is the basis for comfort in the building. In combination with the heat pump
will have a comprehensive solution of high energy efficiency? It is the only integral system where not only
comfort is taken into account, but also the integration of heat or cold generation equipment with thermal
emitters.

2.1Introducing: Advantages of underfloor heating.

HEATING PERIOD

In the heating period, the air conditioning system drives the water at low temperature (30-35 ° C). The pipe
circuits, which are in direct contact with the mortar, give it its heat, which in turn heats the pavement,
achieving a pleasant ambient temperature.

The heat is emitted by radiation, which provides an incomparable feeling of comfort, since the heat is
evenly distributed throughout the spaces of the building.

With a radiant floor system, the heat rises gently remaining in the lower part of the rooms, where the
thermal needs are located. [See Figure]. Thus, in addition to achieving a sense of well-being, significant
energy savings are achieved, as the air at the top does not unnecessarily heat up.

With conventional heating systems, hot air tends to be located near the roof, resulting in unnecessary
energy consumption. [See Figure]

COOLING PERIOD

Although in this project, it is planned to use fan coil units for cooling, (due to possible complications with
relative humidity control) the same underfloor heating installation can be used to cool the environment in
warmer times. The air conditioning system, with a reversible heat pump, drives the water to a temperature
around 1217 ºC, which absorbs excess heat from the room, providing a pleasant sensation of freshness.

Ideal Heating Heating Radiant Floor Heating by Radiators Heating Fancoils

ECONOMY: SAVE ENERGY.

The energy consumption is much lower than other systems, since to maintain an ambient temperature of 20°C,
the water is heated to 30-35°C. With systems such as radiators it is necessary to raise the temperature of the
fluid to 70-80 ° C to reach the same ambient temperature.
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On the other hand, thanks to the high proportion of radiant energy, the feeling of comfort comes with significantly
lower ambient temperatures. Consequently, the temperature can be reduced by 1 to 2°C. This makes possible
energy savings of 6 - 12% per year.

THERMAL COMFORT

Radiant floor systems conform to the optimum temperature profile of the human body ('Hot feet, cold head') as
they heat through low surface temperatures, emitting a soft and comfortable radiant energy. Unlike static heating
systems, a balance of radiation is established between the man and the enclosing surfaces of the rooms,
achieving a feeling of optimum comfort.

HEALTHY

It is the only system recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO)

SAFE AND CLEAN

Eliminates the risks of burns and wall fouling, so common with conventional systems.

RESPECTFUL TOWARDS THE ENVIRONMENT

Due to the high heat output at low drive temperatures, they are ideal for combining them with temperature-
controlled aerothermal heat pumps and solar thermal systems.

ALLERGIC APTOS

Thanks to the low proportion of convective energy, the formation of an ambient air circulation is minimal. As a
result, the circulation and carbonization of airborne particles become a thing of the past. They benefit from them
the airways - not just from allergic people.

INVISIBLE

It does not look, it just feels, so it does not condition the decoration.

ADDITIONAL INSULATION

The installation of a radiant floor provides additional insulation to the building as a whole, improving its thermal
and acoustic insulation.

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Need for HVAC
HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. The objective of HVAC are to control
the temperature of air inside the designated “Air Conditioned" space along with control of
moisture, filtration of air and containment of air borne particles, supply of outside fresh air for
control of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the air conditioned space, and finally control of the
movement of air or draught. All these factors comprise of a successful HVAC system.

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Processes of HVAC
The processes by which effective control of parameters in an air conditioned space is maintained
are as follows:
 Heating: To increase the temperature by adding thermal energy to a space.
 Cooling: To decrease the temperature by removing thermal energy from a space.
 Humidifying: The process of increasing the relative humidity of a space by addition of
water vapor or steam.
 Dehumidifying: The process of removing the water vapor or humidity of a space.
 Cleaning: The process of removing dust, pollens, smoke and contaminants from air inside
the space.
 Ventilating: The process of adding external air to freshen up the air and maintaining gas
ratio.
 Air movement: To control the movement of the supplied air so that the inhabitants of the
space do not feel discomfort.

Psychometric Chart and Comfort Air Engineering

A psychrometric chart is a chart drawn between temperature, relative humidity, enthalpy, wet
bulb temperature, etc. The level of comfort of a person is very subjective and depends on the
following factors: age, physical activity, health, and clothing. It is further dependent on other
factors like air temperature, air velocity, humidity, and radiant temperature. This means that even
if the air temperature is 24 deg C (75 deg F), but the humidity is high at 90% a person will not
feel comfortable or vice versa. Even if the humidity is at 90 % but the air temperature is 18 deg C
(64 deg F), an individual may feel comfortable. However, if both the temperature and humidity
are comfortable but the speed of the air is high, a person may feel draught effects and wind chill
factor comes in effect. Similarly all the other parameters may be normal, but the subject is sitting
in front of an un-tinted window and may feel radiant heat that may make him uncomfortable.
Thus all parameters have to be taken into consideration, and the comfort zone is dependent on
the extremities of the points from which you feel comfortable to uncomfortable.

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