IV SOLUTIONS FOR WHAT TYPES/OSMOLALITY

Increases circulating plasma

1. NORMAL SALINE volume when red blood cells Isotonic
are adequate
Use for postoperative fluids
Shock, mild hyponatremia,
metabolic acidosis

Replaces fluid and buffers pH

2. LACTATED RINGER’S Fluid resuscitation Isotonic
For severe burns and during
surgery
Hypervolemia due to third
space fluid shifts

3. D5W Raises total fluid volume. Isotonic

Helpful in rehydrating and
excretory processes

Hypernatremia
4. 0.45% NaCl Hyperosmolar Hypotonic
Hyperglycaemic State
Diabetic Acidosis

Allows kidney to select and

5. 0.33% NaCl retain needed amounts Hypotonic
Hypernatremia
Hyperglycaemic State
Diabetic Acidosis

6. 2.5% DEXTROSE IN Hypernatremia Hypotonic

WATER Hyperglycaemic State
Diabetic Acidosis

7. 3% SODIUM CHLORIDE Severe hyponatremia Hypertonic

Patients with cerebral edema

8. 5% DEXTROSE AND Used as maintenance fluid Hypertonic

0.45% NORMAL
SALINE
 Expands intravascular
9. 5% DEXTROSE AND compartments Hypertonic
NORMAL SALINE Replaces sodium, chloride and
some calories

10. 5%DEXTROSE IN Replaces fluid and buffers pH Hypertonic

LACTATED RINGER’S

IV SOLUTIONS FOR WHAT TYPES/OSMOLALITY

11. 10% DEXTROSE AND Used for Peripheral Parenteral Hypertonic

WATER Nutrition

12. 50% DEXTROSE AND Used in hypoglycaemic Hypertonic

WATER patients

Keep fluid in vessels

13. ALBUMIN Maintain volume Colloid
Replace protein and treat
shock and erythroblastosis
Shifts fluid into vessel
14. DEXTRAN Vascular expansion Colloid
Prolong hemodynamic
response

15. HETASTARCH Shifts fluid into vessel Colloid

Vascular expansion

Oliguric diuresis
16. MANNITOL Reduces cerebral edema Colloid
Eliminates toxins