Sexually Transmitted Infections

What is STI ?

Sexually transmitted infections (or STIs) are infections that can be caught
or passed on when you have unprotected sex, or close sexual intercourse,
with another person who already has an STI.

Using a condom for all types of sex is the best way to avoid STIs and HIV.
Vaccines can prevent certain STIs like genital warts and hepatitis B.
Reducing the number of sexual partners you have and not mixing alcohol,
drugs and sex also means you’re less likely to get infected.

STIs should not be diagnosed yourself by looking at pictures, because

symptoms vary from person to person. Only a healthcare professional can
diagnose an STI.

STIs is the exchange of fluids during sexual intercourse.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are passed from
person to person through sexual contact. HIV is an STI. There are more
than 25 other sexually transmitted infections that are mainly spread by
sexual contact such as vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Globally, the World
Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than one million people
get an STI every day.

If left untreated, STIs can cause serious health problems including cervical
cancer, liver disease, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), infertility,
and pregnancy problems. Having some STIs (such as chancroid, herpes,
syphilis, and trichomoniasis) can increase the risk of your getting HIV if you
are HIV-negative and get exposed to HIV. People living with HIV may also
be at greater risk of getting or passing on other STIs. If and when people
living with HIV get STIs, they can experience more serious problems from
them or have greater difficulty getting rid of the infections.

Pathogen – is a disease causing organism.

 Symptoms

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can have a range of signs and

symptoms, including no symptoms. That's why they may go unnoticed until
complications occur or a partner is diagnosed. Signs and symptoms that
might indicate an STI include:

 Sores or bumps on the genitals or in the oral or rectal area

 Painful or burning urination
 Discharge from the penis
 Unusual or odd-smelling vaginal discharge
 Unusual vaginal bleeding
 Pain during sex
 Sore, swollen lymph nodes, particularly in the groin but sometimes
more widespread
 Lower abdominal pain
 Fever
 Rash over the trunk, hands or feet

Signs and symptoms may appear a few days after exposure, or it may take
years before you have any noticeable problems, depending on the
organism.
 Common STI’s

HIV/AIDS
The human immunodeficiency viruses are two species of Lentivirus that
causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
AIDS is a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune
system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive.

Chlamydia
Chlamydia is a SUPER common bacterial infection that you can get from
sexual contact with another person. Chlamydia is spread through vaginal,
anal, and oral sex.

Genital herpes
Genital herpes is an STD caused by two types of viruses. The viruses are
called herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2
(HSV-2).

Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can infect both men
and women. It can cause infections in the genitals, rectum, and throat. It is a
very common infection, especially among young people ages 15-24 years.

Syphilis
Syphilis is a really common STD. Syphilis is spread through vaginal, anal,
and oral sex. Syphilis causes sores on your genitals (called chancres). The
sores are usually painless, but they can easily spread the infection to other
people. You get syphilisfrom contact with the sores.
 HIV

CHLAMYDIA

GENITAL HERPES

GONORRHEA SYPHILIS
 HIV/AIDS infection in the Philippines

HIV/AIDS infection in the Philippines might be low but growing. The

estimated incidence of HIV/AIDS in the country remains under 0.1% of the
total population in 2015. The Philippines has one of the lowest rates of
infection, yet has one of the fastest growing number of cases worldwide.
The Philippines is one of seven countries with growth in number of cases of
over 25%, from 2001 to 2009.
Cases are concentrated among men who have sex with men. HIV cases
among men having sex with men multiplied over 10 times since 2010. HIV
cases are getting younger.

The first case of HIV infection in the Philippines was reported in January
1984.

On December 20, 2018, Republic Act No. 11166, also known as the
Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act of 2018, was passed. The law repealed
the 21-year old Republic Act No. 8504 also known as the Philippine AIDS
Prevention and Control Act of 1998 and made health services for HIV/AIDs
more accessible to Filipinos.

Abstinence means refraining from any harmful sexual activities.