Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
0 Introduction
Road is defined as the path over which vehicles and other traffic may lawfully pass, it is
also the primary mean of transportation. Among all the public assets, road is so important that
it ease our life by taking us to our desired destination, it provides access to employment, social,
health and education services. Therefore, roads make a crucial contribution to our country’s
economic development and improve social benefits by serving as the conduit of life’s activities.
Generally, our roads today are made up of 4 layers (subgrade, subbase, base and surface).
By cutting the road vertically, we can easily identify the layers from the cross section.
Subgrade is the most bottom layer to receive base and subgrade is the natural earthen level
which the pavement structure is placed on it. According to the Public Word Department of
Malaysia, subgrade is referred to the part of the embankment or existing ground in cutting
which is immediately below the subbase or lower subbase of the road pavement and shoulders.
In details, when we are going to construct a road on a land, the subgrade is the in-situ earthen