BIOMASS

Prepared By:
SAUMYA SHARMA
SYED ASIF ALI
SYED SUHAIB AKHTAR
ZAINAB WASIM
 BIOMASS
ENERGY

Biomass refers to the organic material that is used for production of energy.
This energy production process is referred to as Bioenergy. Biomass is primarily found in the
form of living or recently living plants and biological wastes from industrial and home use.

Biomass is any organic material, may include wood, wood waste, straw, manure, sugar cane and
many other byproducts from a variety of agricultural processes.
INTRODUCTION:
India is a land of village where the energy
required for domestic purpose such as
cooking is met from dried woods, twigs and
leaves of plants and other dried organic
matter such as cow dung.

This organic matter called as biomass is

available freely as waste.

It is a renewable energy source because we can

always grow more trees and crops, and waste will
always exist.

The biomass is fast renewable forms of energy

and available freely as waste and discarded matters.

It contains stored energy from the sun.

ADVANTAGES OF BIOMASS ENERGY
• Biomass is perennial source of renewable energy and it can be repeatedly grown and obtained
as biomass.
• Biomass is non pollutant of atmosphere.

• Production of biomass not only gives fuels but it also gives good quality organic manures
which when used in farms give bumper crops.
• Biomass is available everywhere and no needs of any transportations.

DISADVANTAGES OF BIOMASS ENERGY

• Biomass contains 50-90% water and it is heavy. Hence transportation if needed is very
difficult.
• Direct combustion of biomass produces smokes and smells.
• Biogas plants need lots of care and maintenance for its successful operations.
• If the biomass is required to be transported over long distances, the cost transportation is very
high.
• Biogas plants can’t be used in urban areas where the space availability is limited.
PROCESS OF CONVERSION OF BIOMASS

The various process used for conversion of biomass into energy or bio fuels can be classified as
follows:
• Combustion • Fermentation
• Gasification • Anaerobic digestion
• Pyrolysis
Combustion: The process by which flammable materials are burned in the presence of air
or oxygen to release heat.
• It is the simplest method by which biomass can be used for energy.
• In its Simple form, combustion is used for space heating (i.e. a fire for warmth) but can
also be used to heat steam for electricity generation.
Gasification: It is the conversion of biomass into a combustible gas mixture referred to
as Producer Gas Syngas. The gasification process uses heat, pressure and partial
combustion to create syngas, which can then be used in place of natural gas.

Pyrolysis: Consists of thermal

decomposition in the absence of
oxygen. It is the precursor
to gasification, and takes place
as part of both gasification and
combustion.
The products of pyrolysis include
gas, liquid and a sold char, with
the proportions of each
depending upon the parameters
of the process.
Anaerobic digestion: It is the process
whereby bacteria break down organic
material in the absence of air, yielding
a biogas containing methane and a
solid residue. The methane can then
be captured to produce energy.
Similarly, the solid residue can also be
burned to produce energy.

Fermentation: It involves the conversion of a plant’s glucose (or carbohydrate) into an

alcohol or acid.
Yeast or bacteria are added to the
biomass material, which feed on the
sugars to produce ethanol (an alcohol)
and carbon dioxide.
The ethanol is distilled and dehydrated to
obtain a higher concentration of alcohol.
The solid residue from the fermentation
process can be used as cattle-feed and in
the case of sugar cane can be used as a
fuel for boilers or for subsequent
gasification.
 APPLICATION OF BIOMASS

• Waste organic biomass can be

directly used as domestic fuels.

• Biogas is used as domestic

fuels in gas stoves like LPG.

• Biogas can be used to run the

engines, boilers and turbines.

• Methane gas produced from

biogas plants can be used to run
the gas engines and farm
machineries.

• It is used for heating the water.

REFERENCE
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomass
• https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/biomass
• https://www.slideshare.net/smkxlr/biomass-energy-49378928

Thank You …