1.

0 FOUNDATION - 01
1.1 Design data
Width of Pedestal = b = 500.0 mm
Depth of Pedestal = h = 500.0 mm
Safe bearing capacity = qs = 230.0 kN/m2
Grade of reinforcement = fy = 460.0 N/mm2
Design strength of concrete = fcu = 40.0 N/mm2
Depth of foundation slab = D = 500.0 mm
Clear cover = c = 70.0 mm
Fdn.depth below grade level = Df = 1.50 m
Unit weight of soil =  = 18.00 kN/m3
Elastic modulus of concrete = Ec = 2.80E+04 N/mm2
Elastic modulus of reinforcement = Es = 2.00E+05 N/mm2
Design allowable crack width = w = 0.30 mm

1.2 Foundation layout

L = 2.15 Hq 1.5

0.50

B = 2.15

1.3 Check for bearing pressure

Base area & size of footing
Design service load = P1 = 31.00 kN
Design service moment (about B) = MB1 = 85.30 kN.m
Design service moment (about L) = ML1 = 14.30 kN.m
Maximum horizontal force (along B) = FB1 = 13.00 kN
Maximum horizontal force (along L) = FL1 = 15.00 kN
Lever arm for Hor.load (from fdn base) = Hq = 1.00 m
Self weight of footing = w1 = 57.8 kN
Self weight of earth on footing = w3 = 78.7 kN
Total vertical load on the foundation = P = 167.49 kN
Area of base required = (A)req. = P / qs
= 0.7 m2
Length of footing = L = 2.15 m
Width of footing = B = 2.15 m
Area footing provided = A = 4.6225 m2
> (A)req. OKAY
Bearing Pressure (Serviceability)
Max base pressure due to axial load = P/A = 36.2 kN/m2

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Additional moment about B due to FB1 = FB1* Hq = 13.0 kN.m

Additional moment about L due to FL1 = FL1* Hq = 15.0 kN.m
Total moment about B on foundation = MB = 98.3 kN.m
Total moment about L on foundation = ML = 29.3 kN.m
Base pressure due to axial force = p1 = 36.2 kN/m2
Base pressure due to moment = p2 = 77.0 kN/m2
Maximum base pressure = pmax = 113.3 kN/m2
< 230.0 kN/m2 OKAY
Minimum base pressure = pmin = 40.8 kN/m2
> kN/m2 OKAY
1.4 Calculation for design moment
Bearing pressure for Design (Ultimate state)
Maximum base pressure = pmax = 113.3
Pressure due to soil and selfweight = = 29.5
Net pressure acting upward = = 83.7 kN/m2

Design maximum bearing pressure = 1.4 qmax = 117.2 kN/m2

117 kN/m2

Conservatively assuming maximum bearing pressure on both the sides

(M)L = B*[Le2/2]*qmax Le=(L-h)/2
= 85.8 kN.m
(M)B = L*[(Be2/2]*qmax. Be=(B-b)/2
= 85.8 kN.m

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1.5 Calculation for reinforcement.

1.5.1 For moment along ' L ' :-
Effective depth = d = 406.0 mm
The ratio = k = (M)L / bd2fcu
= 0.006
Lever arm = z = d (0.5+(0.25 - k/0.9)0.5) 3.4.4.4
= 403 mm Part 1
Lever arm = (z) Max. = 0.95d
= 386 mm
Therefore the design "z" value = z = 386 mm
Reinforcement required = As = (M)L / 0.95 fy z
= 509 mm2
= (As)Min. = 0.13%
= 1398 mm2
(As)Pro. in 2.15 m wide base = 2011 mm2
10 T 16 > 1398 mm2 OKAY
Max clear spacing of bars in tension = Min ( 47000/fs , 300)
= 221 mm
Actual clear spacing provided = 206 mm
< 221 mm OKAY
1.5.2 For moment along ' B ' :-
Effective depth = d = 422.0 mm
The ratio = k = (M)L / bd2fcu
= 0.006
Lever arm z = d (0.5+(0.25 - k/0.9)0.5)
= 419 mm
Lever arm (z) Max. = 0.95d
= 401 mm
Therefore the design "z" value = 401 mm
Reinforcement required = As = (M)L / 0.95 fy z
= 490 mm2
= (As)Min. = 0.13%
= 1398 mm2
(As)Pro. in 2.15 m length base = 2011 mm2
10 T 16 > 1398 mm2 OKAY
Max clear spacing of bars in tension = Min ( 47000/fs , 300)
= 221 mm
Actual clear spacing provided = 206 mm
< 221 mm OKAY
1.5.3 Punching shear check at column face
Column Perimeter = Sp = 2a+2b
= 2000
Shear stress = Vc = P / (Sp * d)
= 0.14 N/mm2
< 5.00 N/mm2 OKAY

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1.5.4 Punching shear check at 1.5d from the column face.

The steel ratio = 100As / bd = 0.23 %
The ratio = 400/d = 0.99
The design value of 400/d = 1.00
Ultimate shear capacity = vc = 0.45 N./mm2
Critical perimeter = P = Column perimeter + (12d)
= (2b+2h) + (12d)
= 6872 mm
Area with in the perimeter = A' = (b+3d)*(h+3d)
= 3.0E+06 mm2
Average earth pressure = 117 kN/m2
Punching shear force = V = Earth pressure x (A - A')
= 196 kN
Punching shear stress = v = V / (Perimeter x d)
= 0.07 N/mm2
< 0.45 N/mm2 OKAY

1.5.5 One-way shear check at 1.0 d from the column face

Maximum over hanging length of footing = (L-h)/2 or (B-b)/2 = 0.825 m
Effective shear length = 0.42 m
Shear force at critical section = V = 105.6 kN
Shear stress = v = V/bd
= 0.12 N/mm2
< 0.45 N/mm2 OKAY
1.6 Crack Width Calculation
Steel ratio provided =   (As)Prov. / bd
0.0022
Modular ratio = e  Es / (Ec/2)
2.00E+05
1.40E+04
= 14.29
e * = 0.032

x /d = e*{[(1+ (2 /e* - 1}
= 0.222
Depth of neutral axis = x = 93.7 mm
Lever arm = Z = d - X/3
= 390.8 mm
Concrete compressive stress = fcb = 2Ms / Z b x
= 1.36 N/mm2
Tensile stress on steel = fs = Ms / Z As
= 68.2 N/mm2

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Check stress levels:-

Allowable comp. stress in concrete = fcb' = 0.45 fcu
2
= 18.0 N/mm
> fcb
'
Allowable tensile stress in steel = fs = 0.8 fy
2
= 368.0 N/mm
> fs
(D-x) * fs
Elastic strain at surface = E1 =
(d-x) * Es
= 4.22E-04
Stiffening effect of concrete (For bt * (D - x) * (a' - x)
bending only) = 3*Es * As * (d - x)
= 8.96E-04
Em = E1- Stiffening effect of concrete
= -4.740E-04
Acr = [(Spacing/2)2+(c+ Dia./2)2]0.5 - Dia /2
= 121.0 mm
3 * Acr * Em
Crack width
= 1+2[(Acr-Cmin.) / (D-x)]
= -0.14 mm
< 0.3 mm OKAY

1.7 STABILITY CHECK

1.7.1 For Sliding
Horizontal force = Hmax = 13.00 kN
Horizontal force due to soilpressure = Hsoil = 12.55 kN
Total horizontal force = Htotal = 25.55 kN
Total vertical force = Ptotal = 167.49 kN
Frictional resistance = Ptotal = 63.64 kN (=0.38)
(Passive resistance of soil not considered conservatively)
Factor of safety against sliding = 2.49
> 1.50 OKAY
1.7.2 For Overturning
Total moment at base (maximum) = MB = 98.3 kN.m
Total restoring moment at base = MR=P.L/2 = 180.0 kN.m
Factor of safety against overturning = 1.83
> 1.75 OKAY

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