HIGHER COLLEGES OF TECHNOLOGY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE

Course Code : MCE 3343

Course Name : Industrial Plant Maintenance
LAB 01
Experiment Title : Mechanical Maintenance Tools
Mark 10

Objective:
Aim of this lab is to understand and demonstrate use of various types of tools. (Fix spanners, box
spanners, ring spanners, Allen keys, types of pliers, screw drivers, bearing puller, etc.).

Description of the tools available:

Spanners:
A spanner often called wrench is a mechanical hand-tool used to provide tough grip and mechanical
advantage in applying moment effect to turn objects, usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts & bolts. Spanners
come in various numbers depending on the size of the fasteners.

Pliers:
Plier is a hand tool used to hold objects tightly. There are various types of pliers such as Needle-Nose Pliers,
Slip Joint Pliers, Side Cutters, Lock Jaw Pliers. Pliers are specifically designed for number of tasks and need
unlike jaw formations to hold, turn, grip or pull many things.

Hand-Drill:
A Hand-drill is a mechanical tool with a rotating drill bit installed in the movable slot which can hold the bit
very firmly so that it doesn’t translate while rotating. It used for drilling holes in various materials but also
can be used to screwing and un-screwing. Drills are commonly used in woodworking and metalworking.
There are various types of Drills such as Hammer Drills, Pneumatic Drills , JackHammers and Cordless
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Drills. Some of the drills work on batteries while other on the AC power. Eye-protection is highly
recommended.

Hammers:

One of the most oldest tool in human history is hammer. A hammer is a mechanical heavy tool made for
purpose to give heavy blows to an object. The most common uses are for Blind Rivets, driving nails, fitting
parts, and tearing up objects. There are different hammers for vareity of purposes, each hammer has a specific
function and shape. There are various types of hammers such as Construction Hammer, Carpenter Hammer,
Drilling Hammer, Sledging hammer, Rock Pick, Rubber Mallet, Wooden Mallet, Lump Hammer, Club
Hammer, Mechanics Hammers and Cross Peen Hammer.

Files:

File is tool mainly used in Mechanical Workshop made of hardened (High-Carbon) steel in the form of a bar
or rod with number of minute cutting edges embossed on its main front and back surfaces, it is used for
smoothing or forming objects, especially of metal. The cutting or abrading action of the file results from
rubbing by hand, against the workpiece mounted on the bench. There are various types of Files such as
square, round, half round, magicut, diamond etc.

Sketch of the tool:

Figure 1: Hand Spanner

Figure 2: Wrench

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Figure 3: Plier Sketch

Figure 4: Plier Sketch

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Figure 5: Hand Drill

Figure 6: Hammer

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Figure 7: File

Procedure of how to use the tools:

 For Spanner, axis of rotation of spanner and of nut/bolt must be parallel in order to get a turning
effect. Hand must be placed at the other end to produce a greater moment. This applies to all spanner
types.
 For Pliers, use is quite easy, this can be used for rotation, holding and pulling as well. For rotating,
principle is same as spanner but in this holding firmly is a technique. Pulling is straightforward but
user should have some support as well.
 For Drills, use is technical and require expertise, axis of the drill bit should be exactly normal to the
surface getting drilled otherwise drill may vibrate causing harm to the user. When drill starts to make
hole in the surface, you can decrease the pushing force to the drill and it can easily drill and released.
 Hammers look easy to use but one should deliver the blow firmly and accurately at the spot to avoid
any other damage. Holding firmly is a key to use hammer.
 Files are used over the work-piece very smoothly and cannot be done rigorously. This tool requires
lot of patience, cutting edges should come over the surface whose excess material is being removed.
In case surface is not plain and are some holes, then round file will be used.

Photo, video etc.

Figure 8 Different Type of Hammers

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Figure 9: Set of Pliers

Figure 10: Files

HSE:
Mechanical Tools require lot of Health and Safety precautions, following are the precautionary measures to
avoid any accident and illness:
 Wear Personal Protective Equipment where necessary, such as in drills and files
 Wear Safety Shoes when using Hammers
 Buy and use reduced-vibration tools wherever possible.
 Assess, remove, reduce or enclose noise at source (drill)
 Wearing Gloves while using tools having cutting edges
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Conclusion

It can be concluded from this experiment that a proper tool should be used for a specific function to avoid
any hazard or accident. For instance using a diagnol plier for opening a nut/bolt doesn’t make any sense and
it can slip and hurt your hand. For delivering a blow, proper hammer should be chosen depending on the
surface. Health and Safety precautionary measures should always be taken to avoid any major accident.

Instructions:
1. Each student/group should submit a report.
2. Upload in BB Learn.

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