A

Practical Training Report

ON

TRACTION SUBSTATION
AT

Railway Electrification, Jaipur

Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

2016-2020
Submitted To: Submitted By:
Dr. Prerak Bhardwaj Lakshay Kumar Shringey
Assistant Professor (16EJCEE064)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Jaipur Engineering College and Research Centre, Jaipur
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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Training is one of the important aspects for an engineering student’s carrier. It is
basically to strengthen the practical concepts. During this training student gets
acquainted with the latest technology and recent development.
Firstly, I convey my sincere thanks to all the employees of RAILWAY
ELECTRIFICATION, JAIPUR. Their love and guidance are omnipotent and
incompatible throughout the training period. I convey special thanks to Mr. Shri
Dayal for providing us the opportunity to undergo this training. I also want to thank
Mr. Atul Kulshresth HOD, EE and my coordinator Dr. Prerak Bhardwaj, Assistant
Professor in Department of Electrical Engineering, JECRC, Jaipur.
It gives me immense pleasure in acknowledging the love and engagement showered
on me by my parents and classmates. Their moral support helps me to accomplish my
work.

Date:
Place: JECRC, Jaipur Lakshay Kumar Shringey (16EJCEE064)

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 ABSTRACT

Indian Railway (reporting mark IR) is a state owned national transporter, responsible
for rail transport in India. It is Owned and operated by the Government of India
through the Ministry of Railways. It is the fourth largest railway network in the
world. The purpose of this document is to give a good overview about Electrification
in INDIAN RAILWAYS, One of the World’s largest railway networks in the world.
Jaipur railway division is one of the four railway divisions under North eastern
Railway zone of Indian Railways. It is headquartered at Jaipur, with this railway
have a total of 578 stations covering a total of 5449.29 route kms out of which
2575.03 are broad gauge and 2874.23 are meter gauge. The total track kilometers of
this railway, however, are 6559.546 kms. The four divisions are Ajmer, Bikaner, and
Jaipur& Jodhpur.

Electricity is generated in large and relatively efficient generating station,

transmitted to railway network and distributed to the trains. Power is supplied to
moving trains with continuous conductor running along the track that usually an
overhead line suspended from poles or tower along the track or from structure or
tunnel ceilings

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 CONTENTS

Certificate ii
Acknowledgements iii
Abstract iv
Contents v
List of figures vii
Chapter 1: Traction Sub Station (TSS) 1
1.1 Power Supply for Traction 1
1.2 Power Transformer 3
1.2.1 Overload Capacity of Traction Transformer 4
1.2.2 Tap setting on Traction Transformer 4
1.2.3 Transformer Oil 5
1.2.4 Purification of Transformer Oil 6
1.2.5 Oil Purification Plant 6
1.2.6 Insulation Resistance During Drying Out 6
1.2.7 Overhaul of Transformers 7
1.2.8 Investigation into causes of Failures of Transformers 8
1.3 Circuit Breaker 9
1.3.1 SF6 Circuit Breaker 9
1.3.1.1 Gas System 9
1.3.1.2 Interrupting Unit 9
1.3.1.3 Operating Mechanism 9
1.3.2 Vacuum Circuit Breaker 10
1.4 Double Pole Interrupter 10
1.5 Lightning Arrester 11
1.6 Potential Transformers 12
1.7 Current Transformers 13
1.8 Auxiliary Transformer 13
1.9 Bus Bar 13
1.10 Series Reactor 14
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 1.11 Earth Switch 14
1.12 Firefighting system 15
1.13 Earthing 15
1.13.1 Plate Earthing 16
1.13.2 Pipe Earthing 17
1.13.3 Rod Earthing 18
1.14 Counters 18
Chapter 2: Power Factor Improvement 19
2.1 Benefits of Power Factor Correction 19
2.2 Capacitor Bank 20
2.3 Synchronous Condenser 20
Chapter 3: Substations and Switching Substations 22
3.1 Duties of Chief Traction Foreman, Power Supply Installation 22
3.2 Operating Instructions for Grid Sub-station 23
3.2.1 Monthly Maintenance 23
3.2.2 Quarterly Maintenance 23
3.2.3 Half Yearly Maintenance 24
3.2.4 Yearly Maintenance 24
3.3 Operation of Substation 24
3.3.1 Introduction 24
3.3.2 Inspection Book and Log Book at Sub-Stations 24
3.3.3 Operation of Differential Protection 24
3.3.4 Buchholz Relay 25
3.3.5 Condition Monitoring 25
3.4 Circuit Breakers and Interrupters. 25
Chapter 4: Guidelines for Maintenance 27
4.1 Circuit Breakers and Interrupters 27
4.1.1 Traction Substation 27
4.1.2 Switching Station 27
4.1.3 Remote Control Equipment 27
4.2 Guidelines for Maintenance of Batteries. 27

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 4.2.1 Specific Gravity 27
4.2.2 Pilot Cells 28
4.2.3 Trickle Charging 28
4.2.4 Cell Voltage 28
4.2.5 Condition of Plates and Deposits 29
4.2.6 Inter cell-connectors 29
4.3 Guidelines for Maintenance of Switching Stations 30
Chapter 5: Conclusion 33
Chapter 6: References 34

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 List of Figures

Fig. No. List of Figures Page No.

1.1 Typical schematic diagram of traction power supply 2
feeding arrangement
1.2 Line diagram of TSS Khairthal 3
1.3 Power Transformer 4
1.4 Transformer Oil Filtering Machine 5
1.5 SF6 Circuit Breaker 10
1.6 Vacuum Circuit Breaker 10
1.7 Double pole Interrupters 10
1.8 Lightning Arrester 11
1.9 Potential Transformer 12
1.10 Current Transformer & Auxiliary Transformer 13
1.10 Bus Bar 13
1.11 Series Reactor 14
1.12 Earth Switch 14
1.13 Firefighting System 15
1.14 Earthing 15
1.15 Plate Earthing 16
1.16 Pipe Earthing 17
1.17 Rod Earthing 18
1.18 Counter 18
2.1 Standard Power Factor Correction 19
2.2 Capacitor Bank 20
2.3 Three Phase Synchronous Motor 21

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