A Detailed Lesson Plan

Science IV

I. Objectives
1. Identify the different ways of preventing soil erosion.
2. Demonstrate how plants prevent soil erosion.
3. Increase appreciation in the ways of preventing soil erosion.

II. Subject Matter CARING FOR ENVIRONMENT/SOIL

a. Science Concepts:
1. Forest help prevent soil erosion because the roots of trees hold the soil.
2. Soil erosion can be prevented through reforestation, terracing, contour plowing,
strip cropping, and crop rotation.
b. Science Processes: Observing, demonstrating, describing
c. Topic: Ways of Preventing Soil Erosion
d. References: My World of science and Health 4 pp. 231-240
Cyber Science 4 pp. 285-290
e. Materials: charts, boxes, soil, plants, cups, pictures, model of rice terraces

III. Procedure
Teacher’s Activity Pupils’ Activity
A. Review
What is the weather today class? It is sunny day.
Last week we’ve learned about soil
erosion, agents and effects of soil erosion.
What do we call the washing away of
soil from one place to another?
Very good! Soil erosion, ma’am.

What are the agents of soil erosion?

The agents of soil erosion are water,
Perfect answer! wind, animals and men.

How can water be the agent of soil

erosion?
Water can be an agent of soil erosion
because the water washes away soil
during heavy rains and floods from
You’re right! higher places to lower ones.
How about the wind?
Wind can also be an agent of soil
erosion when the wind blows the fine
particles of rock and soil transferred
That’s right! from one place to another.
What about animals, how they can be
an agents of soil erosion?
Animals like dogs and chickens love
to scratch the soil causing it to become
loose. It sticks to their body and
Nice answer! transferred to other places as they move.
How about the people, how they can
be an agents of soil erosion?
We carry away soil usually when we
walk. The particles of soil stick to the
shoes sole and transferred when we go
Very good! from one place to another.
What are the effects of soil erosion?
 Kindly give one, Janrick. Soil erosion changes the shape of the
land.
What else, charisma? Soil erosion leads to the loss of
resources.
Another one, Jerocel. Soil erosion causes plants to die.
Excellent answers!

B. Lesson Proper
1. Motivation
Do you know how forest and
plants prevent soil from being carried
away?
(Play a video about the harsh and
harmful effects of soil erosion)
Do you want to experience those
tragedies?
Of course, nobody wants it to
happen.

2. Presentation
You and I can help prevent soil
erosion. Plants can also help prevent soil
erosion.
Today class we are going to learn
the ways on preventing soil erosion.
Before that let’s have the
experiment. Try to observe and describe.

3. Developmental Activity
a. Performing the Activity

ACTIVITY CHART
Experimentation

I. Materials:
Two pan of the same size, soil, grass, plants, water, sprinkle, cups, and blocks of
wood
II. Procedures:
a. Get three pans of the same size. Fill one pan with soil.
b. Fill the other pan with grass covered soil and the other one is soil with plants.
c. Tilt all pans using the blocks of wood. Then sprinkle water above each pan.
Observe the water flowing down the soil to the bowls.
d. Find out from which pan more soil has been washed away using the cups.
e. Write your observation.

b. Answering the Questions

(Teacher will let the pupils to
answer the questions)

4. Discussion
Let’s see if your observations are
correct.
Look at this picture. What can you
say about the forest/mountain? The forest id bared, ma’am.
Will you describe? The trees were cut down.
What happened to the forest if it is The soil was eroded.
bared?
We should replant or replace
the plants that are cut down.
What should you do to prevent
soil erosion in the forest?

Very good, we call this

Reforestation. The replanting or replacing
of plants in the forest we call it
Reforestation. This is one way of The roots of the trees hold the
preventing soil erosion. soil and prevent it from eroding.
How Reforestation prevent soil
erosion? The soil will erode.

What do you think may happen to The soil will blow by the strong
this bare land when there is heavy rain? wind.
What will happen to the soil if
there is a strong wind? Plant trees to the bare lands,
ma’am.
So, to prevent from soil erosion in
the bare lands, what should you do?
.
To prevent soil erosion, ma’am.
(Teacher shows picture of Rice
Terraces). What do you think why they
made or construct like this?
We call this Terracing, another
way of preventing soil erosion.
The construction of series of step-
like ridges on the hillsides and
mountainsides.
The slopes rising one above the
other slow down the movement of the
water preventing large amount of the soil The Ifugaos Ma’am.
to be washed away. They are industrious and
Who do you think built this Rice resourceful ma’am.
Terraces?
What can you say about them?
They plow it around the hill.

(Teacher shows another picture).

Describe how they plow it.
We call this Contour Plowing,
another way of preventing soil erosion.
This method can prevent soil
erosion. It lessens the moving downhill of
the soil.
This is done by making long
narrow line on the land to follow the
shape such s around the hill rather than
up and down.
Two ma’am.
(Teacher shows another picture). Corn and rice ma’am.
How many group of plants can
you see on this picture?
What are those?
This is one way of preventing soil
erosion. We call it Strip Cropping. It is
planting two different kinds of
plants/crops in alternate rows of strips.

(Present a short dialog about Crop

Rotation.)
Crop Rotation is planting
alternately for every growing season.
This way can help to prevent the loss of
minerals in the soil and prevent it from
being barren.
Example is rice may be planted in
the first season while corns may be
planted in the next season.

The roots of the plants hold the

C. Concept Formation soil and prevent soil erosion.
How do forest help prevent soil The different ways of preventing
erosion? soil erosion are Reforestation, Terracing,
Contour Plowing, Strip Cropping and
What are the ways of preventing Crop Rotation.
soil erosion?

Very good!

D. Application
You have observed how plants
prevent soil erosion. Sometimes the trees
in a place or forest are cut down or
burned, what should you do to preserve
and conserve the forest? Why?
We should take care for our
environment especially the soil.
We should plant or replace the
trees or have the Reforestation to prevent
soil erosion, and the harsh and harmful
effects of it.
IV. Evaluation

Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Why should we prevent soil erosion?

a. It changes the shape of the land.
b. It dries up water system.
c. It causes plants to die.
d. All of the above.
2. The Talavera family has a huge farm land. What method of preventing soil erosion is
advisable to preserve mineral content of their land?
a. Crop Rotation b. Strip Cropping c. Contour Plowing d. Terracing
3. What method of preventing soil erosion is being done by a farmer who plants crops following
the shape of the hill?
a. Crop Rotation c. Strip Cropping
b. Contour Plowing d. Planting of Cover Plants
4. The Ifugaos live in mountainous areas of the Philippines. To increase their food production,
they build steps on the mountains and use them as rice fields. What method is used by the
Ifugaos?
a. Contour Plowing c. Terracing
b. Strip Cropping d. Crop Rotation
5. The farmers of Nueva Ecija planted their farmland with alternate rows of peanuts and
eggplant. What method is used?
a. Strip Cropping c. Contour Plowing
b. Crop Rotation d. Reforestation
6. What method do the people live near the forest should practice to prevent soil erosion and
landslides?
a. Strip Cropping c. Contour Plowing
b. Reforestation d. Terracing
7. Trees decrease soil erosion by _____________.
a. absorbing water c. splitting rocks
b. blocking sunlight d. both a and c
8. Which helps keep the soil from being carried away by wind?
a. grasses b. terraces c. shelter belts d. decayed leaves
9. How do plants prevent erosion of soil?
a. The roots hold the soil.
b. They make the soil hard.
c. Their roots conserve minerals in the soil.
d. They protect the soil from the heat of the sun.
10. To keep soil from washing away, people should ______________ trees.
a. cut b. plant c. climb d. count

V. Assignment
Draw poster on how you can help prevent soil erosion and its effect if you practice it
properly. Put it on a bond paper and color it.
 Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Division of City Schools
Vigan City
Cluster I
VIGAN CENTRAL SCHOOL

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN

in
SCIENCE and HEALTH IV
for Final Demonstration
February 23, 2015
Time: 9:00-10:00 AM

Prepared by:

_MA. EMMA V. PRADES_

Practice Teacher

Prepared to:

_MRS. EVANGELINE P. ALCAIN_

Cooperating Teacher

Approved by:

_MARGARITA R. SOMERA_
School Principal III