A.

Exempting Circumstances
1. Insanity (Art. 79 and 101)
People v. Taneo, L-37673, 31 March 1933
People v. Bonoan, L-45130, 17 February 1937
People v. Rafanan, L-54135, 21 November 1991
People v. Robios, G.R. No. 138453, 29 May 2002
People v. Opuran, G.R. Nos. 147674-75, 17 March 2004
Verdadero v. People, G.R. No. 216021, 2 March 2016
2. Minority (Art. 68)
RA 9344 as amended by RA 10630
Sec. 4(c), (d), (e), (i), (l), 6, 7, 20 to 20-C, 38-43, 46 – 47, 51, 57,
57-A, 60
People v. Doqueña, G.R. No. 46539, 27 September 1939
Ortega v. People, G.R. No. 151085, 20 August 2008
People v. Lababo, G.R. No. 234651, 6 June 2018
3. Accident (Art. 67)
US v. Tañedo, L-5418, 12 February 1910
Pomoy v. People, G.R. No. 150647, 29 September 2004**
4. Irresistible force or uncontrollable fear of a greater injury (Art. 101)
US v. Caballeros, G.R. No. 1352, 29 March 1905
People v. Loreno, L-54414, 9 July 1984
People v. Del Rosario, G.R. No. 127755, 14 April 1999
5. Insuperable cause
People v. Bandian, G.R. No. 45186, 30 September 1936
B. Other exculpatory causes
1. Instigation
People v. Lua Chu, G.R. No. 34917, 7 September 1931
People v. Doria, G.R. No. 125299, 22 January 1999
People v. Valmores, G.R. No. L-58635, 24 June 1983
2. Pardon - Consent - Marriage (Art. 266-C and Art. 344)
3. Absolutory causes
a. Art. 7
b. Art. 16
c. Art. 20
d. Art. 247
e. Art. 332
Intestate Estate of vda. De Carungcong v. People, G.R.
No. 181409, 11 February 2010.

C. Mitigating Circumstances
1. Classes of Mitigating Circumstances
a. Privileged
i. Art. 13 (1) and Art. 69
ii. Art. 13 (2) and Art. 68
iii. Art. 64 (5)
People v. Garbino, G.R. No. 189981, 9 March
2011
 People v. Ulep, G.R. No. 132547, 20 September
2000
Guillermo v. People, G.R. No. 153287, 20 January
2009.
See Jaurigue, Narvaez, Oanis
b. Ordinary
i. Praeter Intentionem
People v. Ural, L-30801, 27 March 1974
People v. Gonzales, G.R. No. 139542, 21 June
2001
ii. Sufficient provocation
People v. Pagal, L-32040, 25 October 1977
Urbano v. People, G.R. No. 182750, 20 January
2009
iii. Vindication of grave offense
People v. Benito, L-32042, 13 February 1975
Bacabac v. People, G.R. No. 149372, 11
September 2007
iv. Passion or obfuscation
US v. Hicks, G.R. No. 4971, 23 September 1909
US v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 7094, 29 March 1912
People v. Bello, L-18792, 28 February 1964
People v. Gelaver, G.R. No. 95357, 9 June 1993
v. Voluntary surrender or plea of guilt
De Vera v. De Vera, G.R. No. 172832, 7 April 2009
People v. Clemente, G.R. No. L-23463, 28
September 1967
People v. Dela Cruz, L-45284, 29 December 1936
vi. Deafness, muteness, blindness, or other physical defect
which restricts the offender’s means of action, defense,
or communication
vii. Illness as would diminish the exercise of will-power
without depriving the offender of consciousness of his
acts.
viii. Analogous circumstances
Canta v. People, G.R. No. 140937, 28 February
2001
Fronteras v. People, G.R. No. 190583, 7
December 2015
Manansala v. People, G.R. No. 215424, 9
December 2015

D. Aggravating Circumstances
Art. 62 to 64.
People v. Legaspi, G.R. Nos. 136164-65, 20 April 2001
People v. Madraga, G.R. No. 129299, 15 November 2000
1. Classes of Aggravating Circumstance
a. Generic
 b. Qualifying
c. Specific
d. Inherent
e. Special
2. Taking advantage of public office
People v. Capalac, L-38297, 23 October 1982
3. In contempt or with insult to public authorities
People v. Tiongson, L-35123-24, 25 July 1984
Compare with: People v. Rodil, G.R. No. L-35156, 20 November
1981
People v. Magdueño, L-68699, 22 September 1986
People v. Tac-an, G.R. Nos. 76338-89, 26 February 1990.