Milk of

GROUP 2

Magnesia
1. Prepare a pharmaceutical product correctly following
standard procedures and formula
2. Confidently recommend finished product for use
 Milk of Magnesia

SYNONYM: Magma Magnesiae; Magnesium Hydoxide

Mixture; Cream of Magnesia; Magnesia Magma
Magnesium hydroxide is the inorganic compound with the chemical
formula Mg(OH)₂. Magnesium hydroxide is a common component of
antacids, such as milk of magnesia, as well as laxatives.

Milk of magnesia contains magnesium, which is a naturally occurring

mineral. The human body requires magnesium to help many of its
systems function properly, most notably the muscles and the nerves.
.
How does it work for Constipation?

• Milk of magnesia is a type of hyperosmotic laxative. This kind of oral

laxative works by drawing water to the bowel from nearby tissue.
This softens and moistens the stool. It also helps increase bowel
activity.
• Milk of magnesia is a saline laxative. These kinds of laxatives are also
known as “salts.” They’re meant to be fast acting.
• Milk of Magnesia also reduces stomach acid (antacid), and
increases water in the intestines which may induce defecation.
When using the tablet form, a person
usually needs to chew tablet before
swallowing. Milk of magnesia is
available as a regular strength liquid or
a concentrated liquid. People should
not give the concentrated liquid to
children under the age of 12.
• Take this product by mouth as
directed.
• For the chewable form, chew
thoroughly before swallowing.
• For the liquid form, shake the
bottle well before each dose.
• Carefully measure the dose using
a special measuring device/spoon.
• If you are taking this medication
for constipation, drink a full glass
of water (8 ounces or 240
millilitres) with each dose.
• Follow all directions on the
product package, or use as
directed by your doctor.
• Most people over the age of 6 can
safely take milk of magnesia. For
children under 6, speak with your
child’s doctor first.

Check with your doctor before taking

milk of magnesia if you:

• have kidney disease.

• are on a magnesium-restricted diet
• take any prescription drugs, since
some can interact with milk of
magnesia
• are pregnant or breastfeeding, in
which case you should check with
your doctor before taking any type
of laxative
How antacids work inside our body
How laxatives work inside our body
 MAGNESIUM SULFATE

Magnesium sulfate as a
medication is used to treat and
prevent low blood magnesium

Ingredients
and seizures in women with
eclampsia. It is also used in the
treatment of torsades de pointes,
severe asthma exacerbations,
constipation, and barium
poisoning. It is given by injection
into a vein or muscle as well as by
mouth. As epsom salts, it is also
used for mineral baths.
 SODIUM HYDROXIDE

Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda)

Ingredients
is a co-product from the
manufacture of chlorine using a
solution of the readily available
raw material, rock salt (sodium
chloride). These factors
contribute to it being the
cheapest and most widely used
strong alkali.
 PURIFIED WATER

Purified water is used in the

pharmaceutical industry. Water

Ingredients
of this grade is widely used as a
raw material, ingredient, and
solvent in the processing,
formulation, and manufacture of
pharmaceutical products, active
pharmaceutical ingredients
(APIs) and intermediates,
compendial articles, and
analytical reagents.
 Magnesium sulfate react with sodium
hydroxide

Reaction MgSO4 + 2NaOH → Mg(OH)2 +

Na2SO4
• Dissolve 18 g of Magnesium Sulfate in sufficient quantity of water
in a beaker and heat to boiling.
• Dissolve 6 g of Sodium Hydroxide in sufficient quantity of water
and add slowly to boiling solution.
• Boil for 2 minutes
• Transfer mixture to a cylindrical container.
• Allow to stand until precipitate subsides.
• Remove supernatant liquid. Wash repeatedly with hot purified
water until all sulfates are practically eliminated as shown by
testing the supernatant liquid with barium chloride TS.
• Concentrate the mixture by evaporation.
Data and
Results
1000 mL (xg) = 60 mL (300g) 18 g
1000 mL 1000 mL

1000 mL (xg) = 60 mL (100g)

6g
1000 mL 1000 mL
Conclusion
The purpose of this experiment is to prepare a pharmaceutical product
that is correctly following the standard procedures and formula. Thus,
to confidently recommend finished product for use. Moreover, Milk of
Magnesia is a well-known and effective laxative for the short term
treatment of constipation. It works by drawing water into the bowel
from the surrounding tissue, where it can stop a range other
medications, prescription drugs, supplement, and vitamins from being
absorbed by the body. In addition, anyone who takes medication for a
health condition should talk to a doctor before taking Milk of Magnesia
Learning
Evaluation
 WHERE IS THE PREPARATION USED?
Milk of Magnesia also reduces stomach acid (antacid), and increases water
in the intestines which may induce defecation.

WHAT IS THE ONE WORD TO DESCRIBE ITS USE?

Laxative

WRITE THE CHEMICAL REACTION BETWEEN TWO COMPOUNDS.

MgSO4 + 2NaOH → Mg(OH)2 + Na2SO4

Which one is the alkalinizing agent? The vehicle?

The alkalinizing agent is NaOH and the vehicle is Purified Water