Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
SISTEM CARDIOVASCULAR
Chelvi Wijaya
SYSTEMA
CARDIOVASCULAR
CAVITAS THORACIS
C0R
PEMBULUH DARAH BESAR
DINDING THORAX
SKELETON
ARTICULUS
MUSCULUS
3
SKELETON
VERTEBRA THORACALIS I – XII
STERNUM
COSTAE :
COSTA VERA < 1 – 7 >
COSTA SPURIA < 8-10 >
COSTA FLUCTUANTES <11-12>
4
Location in Thorax
5
APERTURA THORACIS
SUPERIOR :
CORPUS V.THORACALIS I
COSTA I
MANUBRIUM STERNI
6
APERTURA THORACIS
INFERIOR
CORPUS VERT.THOR.XII
CARTILAGINIS COSTA X – XII
PROCESSUS XIPHOIDEUS
DIAPHRAGMA THORACIS
BIDANG DATAR, OBLIQUE, VENTRO-
CRANIAL ke CAUDO-DORSAL
7
ARTICULUS
<1> JUNCTURA COSTOVERTEBRALIS :
ARTICULUS CAPITULI
ARTICULUS COSTOTRANSVERSALIS
8
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 9
MUSCULUS
1) Lapisan Superficial : berperan pd
Extremitas superior, bag.dinding abdomen,
seperti m.pect.major, m.rectus abd,
m.obl.abd.ext, m.lat.dorsi,
mm.rhomboidei,m.serratus anterior, dsb
10
2) Lapisan Intermedia :
M.intercostalis externus
M.intercost.internus
3) Lapisan Profundus :
M.subcostalis
M.transversus thoracis
11
M.INTERCOSTALIS EXTERNUS :
o 11 psg
M.INTERCOSTALIS INTERNUS
11 psg
12
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 13
VASCULARISASI
1) A.MAMMARIA INTERNA
A.EPIGASTRICA A.MUSCULOPHRENICA
SUPERIOR
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 14
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 15
2) A.INTERCOSTALIS POSTERIOR
<ruang intercostalis I dan II >
16
INNERVASI
N.INTERCOSTALIS :
r.anterior n.spin.Th.I – XII
n.subcostalis
17
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 18
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 19
SURFACE ANATOMY
Dapat dipalpasi :
INCISURA JUGULARIS STERNI
ANGULUS STERNI LOUISI
PROCESSUS XIPHOIDEUS
Patokan Angulus Sterni (Costa II)
20
Linea sternalis lateralis
Linea medioclavicularis
21
MAMMA
KULIT
SISTEM REPRODUKSI ( ASI )
LOKALISASI : antara Costa II – Costa VI,
di medial tepi sternum, dilateral mencapai
Linea axillaris
STRUKTUR : KELENJAR, FAT dan
JARINGAN IKAT
22
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 23
MEDIASTINUM
MEDIASTINUM SUPERIUS
MEDIASTINUM INFERIUS
MEDIASTINUM SUPERIUS
25
26
• ISI :
a> retrosternal: kelenjar Thymus
b> prevertebralis: trachea,
oesophagus, n.recurrens sinister,
duct.thoracicus
c> intermedia: arcus aortae,
N.vagus, n.phrenicus
27
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 28
Cardiovacular System
Anatomy/HD/UNHAS/2007 29
• MEDIASTINUM ANTERIUS
• MEDIASTINUM MEDIUM
• MEDIASTINUM POSTERIUS
30
MEDIASTINUM MEDIUM
31
MEDIASTINUM POSTERIUS
• ISI :
• Aorta thoracalis, v.azygos,
v.hemiazygos, N.vagus, n.phrenicus,
bifurcatio trachea, bronchus,
oesophagus, ductus thoracicus
32
33
34
COR
MORFOLOGI
LOKALISASI
STRUKTUR
MORFOLOGI
36
APEX CORDIS :
37
STRUKTUR COR
• ENDOCARDIUM
• MYOCARDIUM
• PERICARDIUM, terdiri dari lapisan
Fibrosa dan lapisan Serosa
• Lapisan SEROSA = EPICARDIUM
• CAVITAS PERICARDIALIS
• REFLEXI PERICARDII
38
LOKALISASI
39
PROYEKSI COR
40
• Tepi kanan-cranial berada pd tepi
cranialis pars cartilaginis costa III, 1 cm
dari tepi lateral sternum
• Tepi kanan-caudal berada pd tepi
cranial pars cartilaginis costa VI, 1 cm di
lateral tepi sternum
41
STRUKTUR ATRIUM DEXTRUM
• KANTONG
• MM.PECTINATI
• MUARA dari :
VENA CAVA SUPERIOR
VENA CAVA INFERIOR
SINUS CORONARIUS
SEPTUM ATRIORUM + FOSSA OVALIS
43
VENTRICULUS DEXTER
• DINDING TEBAL
• OSTIUM ATRIOVENTRICULARE DEXTRUM
• VALVULA TRICUSPIDALIS
• CHORDAE TENDINAE
• TRABECULAE CARNEAE
• M.PAPILLARIS
• OSTIUM TRUNCI PULMONALIS =
ORIFICIUM A.PULMONALIS
44
ATRIUM SINISTRUM
• AURICULA SINISTRA
• OSTIUM ATRIOVENTRICULARE
SINISTRUM
• VALVULA MITRALIS
• MUARA V.PULMONALIS DEXT et SIN
45
VENTRICULUS SINISTER
• APEX CORDIS
• DINDING SANGAT TEBAL
• VALVULA BICUSPIDALIS
• CHORDAE TENDINAE
• TRABECULAE CARNEAE
• M.PAPILARIS
• PANGKAL AORTA + VALVULA
SEMILUNARIS
46
SEPTUM VENTRICULORUM :
PARS MEMBRANACEA
PARS MUSCULARIS
SKELETON CORDIS :
ANULUS FIBROSUS DEXTER et SINISTER
TRIGONUM FIBROSUM DEXTRUN et SINISTRUM
47
THE CONDUCTING SYSTEM
• NODUS
SINUATRIALIS =
KEITH-FLACK
• NODUS
ATRIOVENTRICULA
RIS = ASCHOFF-
TAWARA
• FASCICULUS
ATRIOVENTRICULA
RIS
48
NODUS SINUATRIALIS
SA NODE
• PACE MAKER
• Berada pada ujung cranial sulcus
terminalis, di antero-lateral muara vena
cava superior pd atrium dextrum
• Suplai darah dari a.coronaria dextra
• Diinnervasi oleh N.vagus dexter
49
INNERVASI C O R
• <1> INTRINSIC
• <2> EXTRINSIC : Sympathis dan
Parasympathis
• SYMPATHIS :
Ggl.paravertebrale Th.1 – 5
Ggl.cervicale
50
• PARASYMPATHIS : N.VAGUS
R.cardiacus superius
R.cardiacus inferius
R.cardiothoracis
51
VASCULARISASI
• A.CORONARIA DEXTRA
• A.CORONARIA SINISTRA
A.CORONARIA DEXTRA :
Sulcus atrioventricularis
Sulcus coronarius, menuju ke Crux cordis
R.marginalis, r.transversus,r.descendens
posterior
52
A.CORONARIA SINISTRA
• Pendek
• Membentuk ramus descendens anterior
dan ramus circumflexus
• Kadang-kadang ada ramus medianus
• Sulcus longitudinalis anterior
53
a.Carotis communis sinistra
Arteri Anonyma
a.Subclavia sinistra
Arcus aorta
Aorta descendens
Aorta ascendens
a.Coronaria sinistra
a.Coronaria dextra
54
Vena cordis
Sinus coronarius
55
TIPE VASCULARISASI COR
• SINUS CORONARIUS :
• V.CARDIACA MAGNA
• V.CARDIACA MEDIA
• V.POSTERIOR VENTRICULI SINISTRI
• V.CARDIACA PARVA
• V.OBLIQUE ATRII SINISTRI (Marshalli)
57
AORTA
• Ventriculus sinister
• Diameter 3 cm
• Ascendens, lalu kedorsal kiri
• Hiatus aorticus diaphragmatis
• AORTA ASCENDENS
• ARCUS AORTAE
• AORTA DESCENDENS (aorta thoracalis
– aorta abdominalis ) 58
AORTA ASCENDENS
• Panjang 5 cm
• Ditutupi oleh pericardium viscerale
• Berjalan oblique ke cranial, anterior, kanan
• Pangkal : sinus aorticus anterior, sinus
aorticus sinister dan sinus aorticus dexer
59
ARCUS AORTA
• Tepi cranial artic.sternoclavicularis
• Ascendens, dorsal
• Ventral trachea, lalu ke kiri trachea
• Descendens di kiri corpus vert.thor.
• AORTA DESCENDENS
• Lig.arteriosum Botalli
• A.ANONYMA, A.CAROTIS COMMUNIS,
A.SUBCLAVIA
60
A.PULMONALIS
• Kelanjutan dari Conus arteriosus
ventriculus dexter
• Panjang 5 cm
• Ramus sinister dan Ramus dexter
a.pulmonalis
• Ramus dexter, lebih besar dan lebih
panjang
• Ramus sinister, pendek, kecil
61
VENAE PULMONALIS
• 4 buah
• Bermuara kedalam Atrium sinistrum
• V.pulmonalis dextra berada didorsal Atrium
dextrum, diantara v.cava superior dan
vena cava inferior
• V.pulmonalis sinistra berada dicaudal
a.pulmonalis
62
Basic Pathway of Blood Flow
CS
SVC Pulmonary
Right Tricuspid Right
Semilunar
Atrium Valve Ventricle
IVC Valve
Systemic Pulmonary
Capillaries Trunk
Aorta Pulmonary
Arteries