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CALIFORNIA BEARING

RATIO (CBR) TEST

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CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO (CBR) :-
 The ratio of the force per unit area required to
penetrate a soil mass with standard penetration
plunger at a uniform rate of 1.25 mm/min., to the
corresponding penetration load of the standard
material or crushed stone is called CBR.

CBR (%) = Test load x 100%


Penetration load (standard material)

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SIGNIFICANCE :-

 It is generally used to classify & evaluate the soil


subgrade & base coarse materials for the flexible
pavement.

 This test is empirical & the results cannot be


accurately related with any fundamental properties
of the material.

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PROCEDURE :-

 Take 4.5-5 kg of soil & mix it thoroughly with


required quantity of water (OMC) or field moisture
content.

 The spacer disc is placed at the bottom of the


mould over the base plate & a coarse filter paper is
placed over the spacer disc.

 The moist soil is to be compacted over this in the


mould by adopting either IS light or heavy
compaction.
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 After compacting the last layer, the collar is
removed & the excess of soil above the top of the
mould is evenly trimmed off.

 The clamps are removed & the mould with the


compacted soil is lifted, leaving below the base
plate & spacer disc is removed.

 A filter paper is placed on the base plate, the mould


with compacted soil is inverted & placed over the
base plate& clamps are tightened.

 Weight of 2.5-5 kg are placed over the soil in the


mould. Then the whole mould is placed in the water
tank to allow soaking for 4 days.

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 A swelling measuring device are placed on the top
edge of the mould & the spindle of the dial gauge is
placed touching the top of the sample.

 Initial dial gauge reading are recorded & the test


sample is kept undisturbed in the water tank.

 After 4 days of soaking, the mould is clamped over


the base plate & the same surcharge weights are
placed on the specimen as the test could be
conducted.

 The complete assembly is placed under the loading


machine. 7
 Penetration plunger is brought in contact with the
top surface of the soil by applying 4 kg of load.

 The dial gauge of proving ring & the penetration dial


gauge is set on 0.

 The load is applied through penetration rate of 1.25


mm/min.

 The load readings are taken at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5,


2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5 mm of
penetration.

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 The max. load value & the corresponding
penetration value are recorded.

 A graph is plotted by penetration (mm) on x-axis &


load (kN) on y-axis & the value of load at
penetration 2.5 & 5.5 mm are found from the graph.

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 Finally, the CBR value is calculated from the
formulae.

 As per IRC recommendation the min. value of CBR


required for a subgrade should be 8%.

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