CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

When it comes to money, it has been perceived that more individuals are

responsible of their personal needs and financial security for the enhancement of

understanding as to low-productivity growth, with tangled method of funding. Individuals

at the present time, are facing in a circulation of newly outsourced investment products

and the financial markets burst out its difficulty.

There are now an enlargement beyond national borders on the opportunities in

investment, allowing individuals in a wide range of assets and currencies to invest.

However, as the financial crisis has made clear, it becomes very difficult to navigate this

type of financial system and consequence in every mistake can be destructive. The need

to decide, economically, must have an understanding about financial matters. The

outcome of an improved saving behavior and decision making is because of having a

program on financial education, much can be done to improve these programs’

effectiveness. The generation and economic problem today is then said to be due to

unaware about financial. (Greenspan, 2010)

Financial education plays a key role in improving the lives of individuals.

Financial planning has become not just convenience but also an essential survival tool.

Contextually, the standard of living does not matter but it is somehow and somewhat

1
strategic techniques on knowledgeable individuals persist and endeavour in accurate way

of everyday living. (Jacob, 2000)

According to Dr. Mandell (1999), very few low-income earners elect to take a

course that will improve financial literacy and after all, people cannot be constrained to

sit down and concentrate long enough to learn what they must know to look out for

themselves.

Poor households do not have much treasured physical assets to rely on. For their

support, they depend on the labor of their household members and their productivity in

employment and of the income-generating activities.

The researchers will conduct this research in order to assess the financial

management of the minimum wage earners’ especially for non-agricultural workers in

Pulilan, Bulacan.

1.2 Review of Related Literatures and Studies

This chapter deals with the literature and past studies related to the present study

that focuses on the Financial Management of Minimum Wage Earners, which will deepen

the knowledge and information on the subject.

Foreign Literature

A comprehensive review about researches on the impact of minimum wage

increases on employment; therefore, instead of listing of the broad literature, this section

2
mainly lays out how the literature evolves overtime and the main research result.

(Neumark et. al, 2006)

Wellington (1991) pointed out that, compared to the real dollar value of minimum

wage in 1981, the real minimum wage in 1986 had actually decreased by about 20

percent, which “provides a natural experiment‟ to test the hypothesis that a decrease in

the minimum wage increases employment.” He also finds an adverse impact of minimum

wage increases on employment. He concluded that a 10 percent increase in the minimum

wage reduce teen employment by approximately 0.60 percent.

In the Brown and Wellington et al. (1983) studies, minimum wages were

generally measured by the Kaitz Index, which is the ratio of the nominal minimum wage

divided by the average hourly wages that are weighted by the proportion of workers

covered by the minimum wage for each industry beginning in the late 1980s, an

increasing number of states set their state minimum wage rates above the “Federal

Level”. These regional interpretations among states also allowed researchers to

experimentally analyze the employment effect of minimum wage increase.

Local Literature

Minimum Wage Earners since the seminal work of Stigler on 1946 economists

know that the minimum wage can have a positive impact on employment. For a longer

period, it has been known that the minimum wage can have a negative impact on

employment (Benjamin et al. 2012). Wages and salaries are the payment of the workers

equivalent to their work provided. While business owners and workers are allowed to

have a condition on the amounts to be considered as salaries, these must not be then

3
lower than the minimum wage set by the Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity

Boards (RTWPBs) in the Philippines.

Regarding about the inflation and capabilities of the earners to fulfill their needs

led them to make a petition to raise the minimum wage. The Philippine minimum wage is

the highest among the country’s major competitors within Association of Southeast Asian

Nations (ASEAN), such as Thailand, Indonesia, and Vietnam which have fairly sizable

economies. These other countries face similar inflationary pressures that we encounter

but they have done much better in raising investments to generate jobs and conquering

poverty faster. (Sicat, 2018)

RTWPB-3 Chair and Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) Regional

Director Zenaida Angara-Campita said that the minimum wage beginning last August

2018 in Bulacan and other provinces in the Central Luzon will increase from Php380 to

Php400/day for non-agriculture.

According to Wage Order No. RBIII-21, the daily minimum wage for workers in

the provinces of Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac, and Zambales will be

raised from the previous ₱380 to ₱400 for non-agricultural and from ₱350 to ₱370 for

agricultural workers.

According to DOLE Secretary Silvestre Bello III, it would be given to minimum

wage earners who are regular employees and are regularly paying their Social Security

System. He added that the support program could help ease the blow of possible price

increases on goods for low income workers among the implementation of the new tax

law, the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion Act.

4
 Brand-new taxes that are part of the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion or

TRAIN program initiated by the Department of Finance (DOF) and recently ratified by

Congress. Implementation of said new taxation has begun on January 1, 2018 after being

signed into law by Pres. Rodrigo Duterte in December 2017.

Since the 1970s, a worldwide phenomenal decline in labor productivity has been

observed. In the Philippines, when the economy was in crises and productivity and output

were falling, workers were asking for higher wages. Real wages moved up and down

depending on the amount of the money wage adjustment and the rate of inflation.

Because prices of commodities had increased much faster than money wage rates, real

wages fell during the periods 1971-1975, 1981-1985, and 1998-1999. (Bucog, 2003)

Foreign Studies

From the “Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study of the Fast Food

Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania” as studied by Card-Krueger, the result of their

study is based on some specific studies of the fast-food industry after state minimum-

wage rates were increased by about ten percent circa 1990. The conventional logic was

that a ten percent raise in the minimum wage would result in a one percent rise in

unemployment for adults and a two or three percent increase for teens. Those who have

investigated the Card-Krueger model further have usually concluded that a large increase

in the minimum wage results in an extensive reorganization of the employment patterns

of low-skilled workers but not a decrease in overall employment or earning. Perhaps the

most questionable element of the Card-Krueger model is that it is most applicable to

states that were relatively prosperous before a higher minimum wage was established,

5
whereas the conventional model may apply more to poorer states or during times of

severe recession.

The number of scholarly studies about the minimum wage quadrupled around the

time that Card and Krueger (1994; 1995) published their influential and controversial

early study (Wolfson & Belman, 2003). Curiously, David Card and Alan B. Krueger

actually intended to confirm the consensual hypothesis of economists but arrived at

largely antithetical conclusions. The Clinton administration used their work to support its

efforts to raise the minimum wage.

Card and Krueger (1994; 1995) initially studied the effect of the raise in the

minimum wage in New Jersey circa 1989 for 410 fast-food restaurants with reference to

similar restaurants in the neighboring state of Pennsylvania, which did not increase its

minimum wage. They concluded that the New Jersey fast-food outlets were able to

absorb the higher cost of labor by raising prices by four percent, that there was no loss of

non-wage benefits (e.g., health care benefits) for workers, and that those fast food chains

in New Jersey were able to open new franchises at their usual rate (Levin-Waldman,

1997; Ross, 2000; Porter, 2007). Only those New Jersey stores that paid more than the

new minimum wage employed fewer workers than they had before the rate was

increased. Others stores hired or employed more employees than they had previously and

employment rates in New Jersey grew faster than those in Pennsylvania. (Levin-

Waldman, 1997; Porter, 2007)

This surprising result called for revision of the conventional logic about

"monopsonistic" competition, which denotes an inverse condition to the better-known

6
term "monopoly": a monopsonistic market is one in which there is only one buyer and

many sellers (in this case, of labor). In theory, a wage higher than the prevailing wage

should result in a decrease in employment and perhaps in prices. Card and Krueger did

not call for a thorough revision of major elements of conventional economic theory, but

their study opened the flood gates for such revisionism. (Card & Krueger, 1995; Ross,

2000)

One possible and very straightforward interpretation of the Card-Krueger thesis is

that the minimum wage has been excessively low since the 1980s in terms of the profits

its recipients produced for employers.

Local Studies

From the “The Impact of Legal Minimum Wages on Employment, Income, and

Poverty Incidence in the Philippine” as studied by Lanzona et. al, 2016. It examines the

minimum wage policy by removing and controlling various factors that may confound

the effects of minimum wages on employment .Using various econometric methods, the

study finds that the minimum wage policy reduces employment in small firms. It causes

small firms to reduce their production workers. The negative impact of minimum wages

proceeds from scale effects. Because of greater marginal cost, it is difficult for small

firms to mature into larger-scale firms. In the process, the production and the demand of

production workers decline. With the decline of small-scale firms, larger firms are able

to acquire more production workers, undoubtedly at starting wages lower than what

experienced workers would have received in smaller firms. These firms are not able to

rehire all the laid-off workers, and the poorer workers who may need cash in the short

7
term may find these arrangements subordinate to their previous jobs. Furthermore,

because of minimum wages, firms are unwilling to hire younger, less educated, and

female production workers. To minimize costs, increasing training for these younger and

less educated production workers may no longer be an option as minimum wages rise.

These findings may have serious consequences in the way the Labor Code affects

production efficiency, as well as social protection. These is thus a need to coordinate

these policy areas in a way that reinforces one another. (Lanzona, 2014)

Justification of the Related Literature and Studies

The researchers hereby justify that this study is their original work which was

organized with diligence and joint effort. The past researchers conducted this study to

find out the effect of the increased to minimum wage, which have result of

unemployment.

This study tells the effect of minimum wage in small firms. It may result

unemployment or reducing of workers. Because of the minimum wage policy, it affects

the daily living of people who are receiving minimum wage.

8
1.3 Theoretical Framework

Minimum Wage Effect on Employment: The Case of Lithuanian Minimum Wage

Rise in 2013.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

 The effects of raising the

 The minimum wage raise of
minimum wage on
2013 has reduced the
employment.
probability of remaining
 Comparing the minimum
employed by around 5% for
wage earners with the group
the minimum wage earners.
which earns slightly higher

than the minimum wage.

Figure 1. Factors showing the problem of the study in Minimum Wage Effect on

Employment and its outcome.

1.4 Conceptual Framework

This study is intended to establish the relationship between the individuality of

Minimum Wage Earners and their Financial Management as the basis for future

economic decisions.

9
 Independent Variable Dependent Variable

1. Demographic Profile of the

Respondents

a) Age

b) Job Financial Management of

c) Gender Minimum Wage Earners

d) Civil Status

e) Family Members

2. Worker’s social environment

Figure 2. Factors that show the demographic profile of the respondents of the study.

1.5 Statement of the Problem

The researchers conducted this study due to economic crisis nowadays and

budgets tend to fail. This study aimed to determine the Financial Management of

Minimum Wage Earners in Pulilan, Bulacan.

The Wage Order No. RBIII-21 is taken into consideration in this study.

Specifically, the following questions were answered:

General Problem

1. What is the financial management of the minimum wage earners in Pulilan,

Bulacan?

10
 Specific Problems

2. What are the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a) Age

b) Job

c) Gender

d) Civil Status

e) Family Members

3. What is the worker’s social environment?

4. How the Minimum Wage Earners in Pulilan, Bulacan handle their salary?

5. What are the potential problems that might be encountered by Minimum Wage

Earners and what are the possible solutions to these problems?

1.6 Objectives of the Study

This study determined the Financial Management of Minimum Wage Earners in

Pulilan, Bulacan.

Specifically, this study comes up with the following objectives:

General Objective

a) To determine the financial management of the minimum wage earners in Pulilan,

Bulacan.

Specific Objectives

b) To determine the profile of the respondents according to age, job, gender, civil

status, and family members.

11
 c) To find out the worker’s social environment.

d) To determine how the respondents handle their salary.

e) To find out what are the potential problems that might be encountered by

Minimum Wage Earners and what are the possible solutions to these problems.

1.7 Hypothesis

The researchers developed the following hypothesis as a precursor in the result of

the present study.

Null Hypothesis: Minimum wage earners in Pulilan, Bulacan have the same managing

system in terms of financial expenditure.

Alternative Hypothesis: Minimum wage earners in Pulilan, Bulacan have different

managing system in terms of financial expenditure.

1.8 Significance of the Study

Findings of this study will serve as an encouragement and beneficial to the

following:

To the Minimum Wage Earners. The findings will provide useful information

that will guide this earner in managing financial affairs and to secure their funds in

disbursing.

To the Society. The study may help the society in order to improve and ensure the

payment of wages, which is most important for the stability of worker’s livelihood.

12
 To the Employers. The study may show as basis and guide for the employers that

they must pay the employee the exact amount or higher in compliance with the Minimum

Wage Law.

To the Students. The study helped them to gain awareness in budgeting a small

amount of money for a whole month and if ever they would decide to enter a job in the

future, it shall serve as a guide and basis.

To the Government. The study shall serve as a basis for setting the minimum

payroll for Minimum Wage Earners in Pulilan, Bulacan and if ever studies shall be

conducted to increase the minimum wage, this shall serve as a basis for comparisons or

review.

To the Future Researchers. It will serve as a guide to the students if they will do

their own research. It will guide other researchers in concern of the topic in providing

answers with the related study, especially other future researchers.

1.9 Scope and Delimitation

This study is focused on the analysis of Financial Management of Minimum

Wage Earners in Pulilan, Bulacan. In particular, the researchers are interested to know

how the respondents manage their minimum salary for one month. Based on this

objective, the respondents are all working in Pulilan, Bulacan earning with a minimum

payroll. Twenty (20) respondents will be identified in order to take part in the present

study as the respondents of the survey. The duration of the present study covers four (4)

months from November 2018 to February 2019.

13
1.10 Definition of Terms

Words used in this study are hard to comprehend and may have different

meanings. For all intent and purposes, the researchers decided to define some of the word

used in this study.

Federal Level – In this study, it is something related to a form of government

where states recognize the power of a central government while still keeping certain

state-level government powers.

Financial Education – In this study, it can benefit consumers of all ages and

income levels.

Financial Expenditure – In this study, it is the act of spending money.

Financial Literacy – In this study, it is the possession of the set of skills and

knowledge that allows an individual to make informed and effective decisions with all of

their financial resources.

Financial Management – In this study, it is the process of planning, organizing,

controlling, and monitoring financial resources with a view to achieve organizational

goals and objectives.

Kaitz Index – In this study, it is an economic indicator represented by the ratio of

the nominal legal minimum wage to average wage.

Labor Code – In this study, it is a legal code governing employment practices

and labor relations in the Philippines.

Minimum Wage – In this study, it is the lowest wage permitted by law or by a

special agreement.

14
 Minimum Wage Earners – In this study, they are the one who receives

minimum wages.

Monopsonistic – In this study, it is the market condition that is limited to one

buyer.

Wage Order No. RBIII-21 – In this study, it is the daily minimum wage for

workers in the provinces of Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac, and

Zambales will be raised from the previous ₱380 to ₱400 for non-agricultural and from

₱350 to ₱370 for agricultural workers.

15
 CHAPTER II

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the methods and design of the study, sampling method,

instrument techniques and the analysis and interpretation of gathered data. The

researchers will also expound on the research instrument that will be used and also the

data collection procedure, data processing, and a detail explanation of the selected mode

of analysis.

2.1 Research Method and Design

The researchers used qualitative research method in this study which is

Phenomenological because it is the most appropriate method of determining the financial

management of minimum wage earners in Pulilan, Bulacan. Phenomenological approach

is to describe precisely the lived experiences of people, and not to create theories or

models of the phenomenon being studied. The researchers conduct an interview in order

to find out respondents’ perspectives or experiences in a specified subject in a

predetermined structured manner.

Qualitative design of the study was utilized using an interview in understanding

the common lives experiences of the respondents. 20 minimum wage earners in Pulilan,

Bulacan, served as respondents of the study. The data were coded and analyzed based to

the research questions.

16
2.2 Sampling Method

Sampling is the process of selecting a representative group from the population

under study (McLeod 2014). The researchers used purposive sampling in distributing the

questionnaires to the respondents.

The purposive sampling technique, also called judgment sampling, is the

deliberate choice of an informant due to the qualities the informant possesses. It is a non-

random technique that does not need underlying theories or a set number of informants.

Simply put, the researcher decides what needs to be known and sets out to find people

who can and are willing to provide the information by virtue of knowledge or experience

(Bernard 2002, Lewis & Shepard 2006). Purposive sampling is especially exemplified

through the key informant technique (Bernard 2002, Garcia 2006, Gustad et al. 2004,

Jarvis et al. 2004, Lyon & Hardesty 2005), wherein one or a few individuals are solicited

to act as guides to a culture.

This research focuses on how to go about selecting people willing to share their

knowledge and experiences. The researchers seek out appropriate respondents. Purposive

sampling method was used to know how the minimum wage earners manage their salary.

The researchers needed specific person in this study in order to find knowledgeable and

reliable respondents most efficiently.

17
2.3 Instrument Technique

The researchers used interview questionnaire as research instrument. Interview

was chosen because it is low-priced, can easily understand the point of view of the

respondents, and the anonymity allows respondents to answer more truthfully. The

researchers created their structured questionnaire based on the literature and studies read

and analyzed.

The questionnaire is divided into two parts. The first part is regarding to the basic

profile of the respondents while the second part is composed of questions regarding to the

financial management of the respondents.

2.4 Analysis

This section comprises the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of gathered

data that are relevant and useful to the study. There are 20 minimum wage earners that

serve as respondents in this study. The researchers find out that people will always need

to buy essential things to be able to live. These include making a monthly house or rent

payment, paying utilities, buying food, and paying school fees.

Most of the respondents are single from different establishment in Pulilan,

Bulacan but they are having the most number of family members and they go through a

lot of responsibilities as a bread winner at the age of 20 to 25 years old. Being a

minimum wage earner, they are required to control their selves and set boundaries

between their needs and wants. In the other hand, minimum wage earners that are already

married and committed to their responsibilities as a parent undergo with insufficient

funds but they are wisely surpassed their struggles by their side line jobs like online

18
selling and having a sari-sari store. And also, having the experiences and knowledge

about the proper budgeting, prioritizing their basic needs and handling properly their

wants help them to succeed and paid all their expenses.

In overall researchers determined that minimum wage earners have different

managing system. It is not about the amount all the time, it is how they are going to

manage their money properly.

19
 CHAPTER III

RESULTS

This chapter contains the summary of findings which shows the result of the data

gathered.

3.1 Summary

After conducting an interview and gathering data, the researchers come out with

this summary.

 Majority of the respondents are single between the ages of 20 to 25 years old.

Despite of having a lot of expenses in their daily lives and facing a lot of

responsibilities as a bread winner of their families, the researchers determined

that it is not easy to live with a minimum salary.

 The researchers also found out that the way the respondents manage their

salary depends on the environment where they belong and every minimum

wage earners has their own budgeting system based on their necessities for

their selves and their family.

 Having the knowledge in proper budgeting, prioritizing all your needs and

handling all your wants, you can survive through it.

 There are times that the minimum wage earners experienced insufficient funds

so aside from their jobs, they are required to have sidelines to manage and pay

all their expenses and fulfill their responsibilities.

 Most of the respondents can manage their money properly because of their

willingness to overcome every financial problem that comes into their life. In
20
the other hand, there are some earners that are clearly not experts at managing

their own finances. The cycle of overspending leaves them poor, they put

today’s happiness before future financial needs.

21
 CHAPTER IV

DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the conclusion that was gathered by the researchers that is

used to create reasonable answers to the problems regarding the study and the

recommendation in order to improve the present situation.

4.1 Conclusion

Based on the information gathered, the researchers came up with the following

conclusions.

 Married and committed earners are more matured and wise thinker because

they already experienced a lot of struggles and hardships in life, they learn

from their past so they know how to budget and manage a minimum salary.

 Minimum wage earners have different techniques and system in budgeting

their income and this varies depends on how they think and on the

environment where they belong.

 People who should be in good financial shape may not be, often because the

decisions they make aren’t aligned with their future financial needs.

 Minimum wage earners are facing difficulty when it comes in financial

managing.

 Most minimum wage earners in Pulilan, Bulacan can manage their financial

expenditure and some minimum wage earners cannot.

22
4.2 Recommendation

In line of the findings and conclusions as the basis of the study, the following

recommendations were drawn by the researchers:

 The minimum wage earners, such as Traffic Enforcer, Teacher, Salesperson,

and etc., should keep track on their daily recordings for their future spending

and expenditures strategy.

 Save as much as you can and get a feel for how little you really need to live

on.

 Every minimum wage earners should know how to set boundaries between

their needs and wants.

 Find a sideline/ raket, there is no shortage of ways you can make a little

money on the side to boost your income.

 Everyone should create healthy saving habits in place now while you aren’t

earning as much can build a good financial discipline that will serve you well

for years to come.

23
 REFERENCES

Bucog, O. (2008), “The Real Wage of Minimum Wage Earner in the Philippines”.

February 13, 2019, file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/pidsdps1654.pdf

Card, D., Krueger A., (1995), “Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of

the Minimum Wage”. February 13, 2019, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995

Card, D., Krueger, A., (1994), “Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study

of the Fast-Food Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania”. February 13, 2019,

http://davidcard.berkeley.edu/papers/njmin-aer.pdf

Card., D., Krueger A., (1994), “Minimum Wages and Employment: A Case Study

of the Fast Food Industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania”. February 13, 2019,

American Economic Review 84 (1994): 772–793

Datu, C. (2018), “RTWPB OKs Php20 increase in Central Luzon minimum

wage”. February 13, 2019, https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1010459.amp

Dayot, R., Elarcosa, P., Perez, J.C., Uy, K., (2010), “The Level of Financial

Literacy of Minimum Wage Earners in Davao City”. February 13, 2019,

https://www.slideshare.net/xtinesingson/undergrad-thesis-47103673

Lanzona, A. (2014), “Effects of Minimum Wage on the Philippine Economy”.

February 13, 2019, www.eldis.org/document/A74918

Lanzona, L., Orbeta, Jr. A., Paqueo, V. (2016), “The Impact of Legal Minimum

Wages on Employment, Income, and Poverty Incidence in the Philippines”. February 13,

2019, file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/pidsdps1654.pdf

24
 Larsen, A. (2004), “Effects of a minimum wage increase on the employment of

disabled persons”, February 13, 2019,

https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=17651&context=rtd

Tecson, Z. (2018), “Central Luzon workers to get P20 wage hike effective Aug.

1”. February 13, 2019, http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1041658

Tongco, M., (2007), “Purposive Sampling as a Tool for Informant Selection”.

February 13, 2019, http://journals.sfu.ca/era/index.php/era/article/viewFile/126/111

McLeod, S. (2014), “Sampling Methods”. February 13, 2019,

https://www.simplypsychology.org/sampling.html

25
APPENDIX A

26
 COLLEGE OF OUR LADY OF MERCY OF PULILAN FOUNDATION INC.
Old Cagayan Valley Road, Longos, Pulilan, Bulacan

January 26, 2019

Good day!
We are students from COLM Senior High School taking up Accountancy, Business and
Management course. Part of the requirements on the subject Practical Research I is to
conduct a research of any related topic to our field of study. Our research entitled “The
Financial Management of Minimum Wage Earners in Pulilan, Bulacan: An
Analysis”. We are asking for your cooperation and assistance by answering the set of
interview questions that we have prepared. Rest assured that all your responses will be
treated with confidentiality and will only be used for academic purposes.
We are looking forward for your positive response.
Thank you!

Sincerely,
JAN DANEIL N. PADUA
KRIZEL ANN DC. IGNACIO
LADY KHAIRA D. LADERAS
ANGELIKA MAE G. FRANCIA

MS. MARA Y. FIGUEROA MR. RAV AIRE JORDAN C. DE GUZMAN

Research Adviser Research Instructor

MRS. CYNTHIA M. VENDIVIL

High School Principal

27
APPENDIX B
(QUESTIONNAIRE)

28
 COLLEGE OF OUR LADY OF MERCY OF PULILAN FOUNDATION INC.

Old Cagayan Valley Road, Longos, Pulilan, Bulacan

QUESTIONNAIRE

The Financial Management of Minimum Wage Earners in Pulilan, Bulacan: An Analysis

Name (optional): _________________________________________________________

Age: ____ Gender: ____ Male ____Female

Civil Status: _______________

Job: ______________________

Monthly salary: __________________

How long have you been working? __________________

Tenant:

Yes No

If yes, how much is your monthly rent? ______________________

Numbers of Family Members: ______

Family Income:

₱5,000 – ₱10,000 ₱10,000 – ₱20,000 ₱20,000 – ₱30,000

₱30,000 – ₱40,000 Others, specify: __________

How much do you spend on groceries per month? _____________________________

29
Monthly Expenses:

Name of Expense(s) Amount

______________________________________________________ - ________________

______________________________________________________ - ________________

______________________________________________________ - ________________

______________________________________________________ - ________________

______________________________________________________ - ________________

______________________________________________________ - ________________

______________________________________________________ - ________________

1. How much is your savings in a month and how do you save it?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

2. Do you have any side line?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

30
 3. How often do you eat in fast food with your family? How much is your

budget?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

4. How much money do you spend for gambling, alcohol, and/or cigarettes in a

month?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

5. How do you prioritize your needs?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

6. How do you handle your wants?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

31
 7. What are the potential problems that you might be encountered being a

minimum wage earner and how do you solve it?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

8. Any tips or recommendation to the other minimum wage earners?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________
Signature

32
APPENDIX C
(DOCUMENTATION)

33
34
CURRICULUM

VITAE

35