crop apple

introduction :
apple fruits is the oldest and commercially the most important temperature
fruits and is fourth among the most widely produced fruits in the world
after orange banana and grape chia is the largest producer in the world
in India it is mostly grown in Kashmir hills of utter Pradesh hijmacahal
Pradesh apple cultivation also extended to Nagaland Sikkim arunchal
Pradesh and Meghalaya apples are mostly consumed as fresh fruits but a
small part of the production is processed into jellies juices + canned slices
candies

varieties :
climate conditions :
apple can be grown at altitude 1.500m to 2.700m above sea level in the
Himalayan range which experience 1.000 to 1.500m hours of chilling
cooling during which temperature remains at a below 70c in winter
seasons the temperature during the apple growing seasons should be
around 21c to 24 c for best growth and fruiting apple trees need 100cm
to 125cm of annual Rainfed evenly spear throughout the year too much
of Rainfed and fog near the fruit maturity period would result in poor
fruits quality with improper color development of fruits and fungal spots
on the fruits surface apple cultivation is not suitable where high velocity of
winds are expected

soil type :
apple cultivation is suitable in loamy soil with rich in organic matter and
ph. range of 5.5 - 6.5 soil should not have water logging and soil good
drainages is ideal for apple farming

seasons :
apple farming is normally done in January and February months

seed propagation :
seed rate :

nutrient management :
farm yard manure at 10 kg per year age of the tree is applied along with
other fertilizer the ratio of k p and n which in an orchard of optimal
fertilizer is 70: 35: 70 grams per year after 10 years of tree age the
dose should be stabilized at 700: 350: 700 grams of k p and n per years the
standard fertilizer dose of p k and n in an off years is 400 grams 250 grams
and 500 grams respectively for deficiency of boron zinc manganese and
calcium use appropriates application of fertilizer

insect pest :

diseases :

weed management :
water management :
the irrigation requirement in apple farming is 115cm \ annum which
should be scheduled in 40 to 20 watering \ irrigation in summer watering
should be prove at an interval of 6to 10 days while in winter it is gives at
an interval of 3to 4 weeks at least 8 irrigation are required during the
critical period April to august after fruits set

harvesting :
the apples start bearing from the 8th year and the from 8th to 17th year
apple productivity goes on increasing and afterward production remains
constant up to 30 years the level of apple productivity varies from
elevation to elevation apple trees apple trees life can be extended up to
even 40 years depending upon the climate conditions the apple fruits are
normally harvested before they are fully ripe

yield :
the average yield of diffented apple varieties in Jammu & Kashmir and
himacal Pradesh which is around 11 to 13 tonnes / hectare in Uttaranchal
state the yield is reported as very low 5to6 tonnes\hectare

price :