PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

Ldepth Lcrossing Rarc1 Rarc2 Fin Fout

6.9 m 0.0 m 300.0 m 300.0 m 8.7 m 8.7 m

L1 Larc1 L2 Larc2 L3 Ltot

0.00 m 45.42 m 107.57 m 45.24 m 0.00 m 198.23 m

DESIGN DATA
Pipeline Diameter D 6 inch 168.3 mm
thickness (min) t 9.53 mm
Pipeline Material Grade X60

SMYS of Pipeline S 415 Mpa 60190.77 lb/in

2

Steel Density rs 7850 kg/m 3

Ground Water Level (Above pipe elevation at lowet level) Lw 0 m

Water Density rw 1000 kg/m 3

Soil Density μsoil 1800 kg/m 3 112.3704 lb/ft

3

Mud Density μmud 1250 kg/m 3 78.035 lb/ft

3

Soil friction Angle f 30 degree

Poisson Ratio for Steel n 0.3

Design factor for HDD section DF 0.6

203000 2
Modulus of Elasticity E Mpa 29442714 lb/in
Installation Temperature T1 21 degC
Operating Temperature T2 75 degC
Hydrotest Temperature T3 35 degC
Steel Coefficient Thermal a 0.0000117 mm/mm/degC

Friction Factor of Soil us 0.5

Fluid (mud) Drag Coefficient umud 0.05 lb/in2 35.14 kg/m3

Design Pressure P 275.8 Bar 4000.14804 lb/in2
Test Pressue PT 344.75 Bar
Pulling Capacity of HDD machine THDD 55 Tons

CALCULATIONS
Pipe Cross Sectional Area 22246.3 mm 2 0.02 m
2

Steel Cross Sectional Area As 4753.48 mm 2 0.00 m

2

Uncorroded weight of Pipe Ws 366.06 N/m

Displace Mud Weight W mud 272.8 N/m
Effective (submerged) weigth of pipe W sub 93.26 N/m 6.390514365 lb/ft
W sub = W s - W mud

Page 1 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

Pulling Loads
Straight Section L1
Frcition Force |Ff1| 0.0 N 0 lb
|Ff1| = W sub x L1 cos (Fin) x us

Fluid Drag FD1 0.0 N 0 lb

FD1 = p x D x L1 X umud

Pipe Weight (longitudinal direction) W p1 0.0 N 0 lb

W p1 = W sub x L1 sin (Fin)

Pulling load at end of L1 T1 0.0 N 0 lb

T1 = |Ff1| + FD1 - W p1

Curve Section Larc1

centre point deflection of curve section h 0.86 m 2.815801597 in
h=R(1-cos (ɸ/2))
Bending Moment of Inertia I 14978148.11 mm 4 35.98514477 in4
I=p* (D-t)3 * t/8

Assumed value of T ave Tave 4429 N 995.3396083 lb

j=(E x I / Tave)1/2 j 26201.38443 mm 1031.550568 in

U=Larc1 / j U 1.733496187

X=Larc/4 - (j/2) x tanh(U/2) X 2188.207886 mm 86.14991676 in

2 2
Y=(Larc) /8 - j x (1-1/cosh(U/2)) Y 61817112.33 mm 2 95816.71575 in
2

N={Tave x h - (Wx Cos θ x Y}/X N -895.6543538 N -201.3511087 lb

Frcition Force |Ffrict | -447.8 N -100.6410551 lb

|Ffrict| = N*υsoil

Fluid Drag FDarc1 8278.9 N 1860.522056 lb

FDarc1 = p x D x Larc1 X umud

Pipe Weight (longitudinal direction) W parc1 320.189 N 71.95667382 lb

W parc1 = W sub x Larc1 sin (θ)

ΔTCB=2*|Ffrict|+FDarc1-W parc1 ΔTCB 8854.3168 N 1989.847493 lb

Pulling load at end of Larc1 Tarc1 8854.3 N 1989.847493 lb

Tarc1 = ΔTCB+TB

Check accuracy of assumed value of T avg

Tavg= (Tarc1+T1)/2 Tavg 4427.16 N 9760.201952 lb

% diff -0.04% ACCEPTABLE % diff of assumed Tension value shall be below 10

Straight Section L2

Frcition Force |Ff2| 5016.1 N 1127.283321 lb

|Ff2| = W sub x L2 cos (F) x us

Fluid Drag FD2 19607.1 N 4406.348692 lb

FD2 = p x D x L2 X umud

Pipe Weight (longitudinal direction) W p2 0.0 N

W p2 = W sub x L2 sin (F)

Pulling load at end of L1 T2 33477.6 N 7523.479506 lb

T2 = Tarc1 + |Ff2| + FD2 - W p2

Page 2 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

Curve Section Larc2

centre point deflection of curve section h 0.86 m 2.815801597 in

h=R(1-cos (ɸ/2))
Bending Moment of Inertia I 14978148.1079 mm 4 35.98514477 in4
I=p* (D-t)3 * t/8

Assumed value of T ave Tave2 38900 N 8742.088679 lb

j=(E x I / Tave)1/2 j 8841.018079 mm 348.0715779 in

U=Larc2 / j U 5.117057741

X=Larc2/4 - (j/2) x tanh(U/2) X 6942.165059 mm 273.313585 in

2 2 2 2
Y=(Larc) /8 - j x (1-1/cosh(U/2)) Y 189699118 mm 294034.221 in

N={Tave x h - (Wx Cos θ x Y}/X N 2268.019533 N 509.696353 lb

Frcition Force |Ffrict | 1134.0 N 254.8481765 lb

|Ffrict| = N*υs

Fluid Drag FDarc1 8246.0 N 1853.148785 lb

FDarc1 = p x D x Larc2 X umud

Pipe Weight (longitudinal direction) W parc1 318.920 kg 71.67150866 lb

W parc1 = W sub x Larc2 sin (θ)

ΔTCB2=2*|Ffrict|+FDarc2-W parc2 ΔTCB2 10832.98179 N 2434.516647 lb

Pulling load at end of Larc1 Tarc2 44310.6 N 9957.996153 lb

Tarc2 = ΔTCB2+T2

Check accuracy of assumed value of T avg2

Tavg2= (Tarc2+T2)/2 Tavg2 38894.07 N 8740.737829 lb

%diff -0.02% ACCEPTABLE %diff of assumed Tension value shall be below 10

Straight Section L3
Frcition Force |Ff3| 0.0 N 0 lb
|Ff3| = W sub x L3 cos (Fout) x us

Fluid Drag FD3 0.0 N 0 lb

FD3 = p x D x L3 X umud

Pipe Weight (longitudinal direction) W p1 0.0 N 0 lb

W p3 = W sub x L3 sin (Fout)

Pulling load at end of L1 T3 44310.6 N 9957.996153 lb

T3 = Tarc2 + |Ff3| + FD3 - W p3

Total Pulling Loads TTot 44310.6 N

TTot=T3 4.52 Tons < 55 Tons Pulling Capacity of HDD machine

Page 3 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

Installation Stresses

Straight Section L1

Tensile Stress ft 0.00 Mpa 0 psi

ft1=T1/A

Bending Stress fb 0 Mpa 0 psi

fb= E*D/(2*R)

Depth dp 0 m
dp=L1x Sin Fin

External Mud Pressure ΔP 0 Mpa 0 psi

ΔP=μmud x dp

External Hoop Stress fh 0 Mpa 0 psi

fh=(ΔPxD)/(2xt)

Allowable Tension Fta 373.5 Mpa 54171.693 psi

Fta=0.9*SMYS
Since ft < Fta, Tension is within allowable

D/t 17.660021

Allowable Bending Fba 311.25 Mpa 45143.0775 psi

Fba= 0.75 x SMYS
Since fb < Fba, bending is within allowable

Fhe 572.791124 Mpa 83076.47902 psi

Fhe=0.88xEx(t/D)2

Hoop Buckling Stress Fhc 289.852402 Mpa 42039.61272 psi

Fhc=0.45 x SMYS+0.18 x Fhe

Allowable Buckling Stress Fhc/1.5 193.234935 Mpa 28026.40848 psi

Since fh < Fhc/1.5, external hoop stress is within allowable

Combined Load Checks

Tensile & bending ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba) 0.0000 <= 1 ,Check OK
ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba)<=1

2 2
Tensile,bending & Ext. Hoop Stresses A +B +2nx [A] x B 0.00000 <= 1 , Check OK
A2+B2+2nx [A] x B <=1

A=(ft + fb - 0.5 x fh) x 1.25 / SMYS 0.000000

B=1.5 x fh / Fhc 0.000000

Curve Section Larc1

Tensile Stress ft 1.86 Mpa 270.1628573 psi

ft1=Tarc1/A

Bending Stress fb 56.9415 Mpa 8258.681277 psi

fb= E*D/(2*Rarc1)

Depth dp 3.428 m
dp=L1x Sin Fin + Rarc1(1-cos Fin)

External Mud Pressure ΔP 0.0420 Mpa 6.096999458 psi

ΔP=μmud x dp

External Hoop Stress fh 0.37119 Mpa 53.83656919 psi

fh=(ΔPxD)/(2xt)

Allowable Tension Fta 373.5 Mpa 54171.693 psi

Fta=0.9*SMYS
Since ft < Fta, Tension is within allowable

D/t 17.660021

Allowable Bending Fba 311.25 Mpa 45143.0775 psi

Fba= 0.75 x SMYS
Since fb < Fba, bending is within allowable

Fhe 572.791124 Mpa 83076.47902 psi

Fhe=0.88xEx(t/D)2

Page 4 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

Hoop Buckling Stress Fhc 289.852402 Mpa 42039.61272 psi

Fhc=0.45 x SMYS+0.18 x Fhe

Allowable Buckling Stress Fhc/1.5 193.234935 Mpa 28026.40848 psi

Since fh < Fhc/1.5, external hoop stress is within allowable

Combined Load Checks

Tensile & bending ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba) 0.1879 <= 1 ,Check OK
ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba)<=1

2 2
Tensile,bending & Ext. Hoop Stresses A +B +2nx [A] x B 0.03138 <= 1 , Check OK
A2+B2+2nx [A] x B <=1

A=(ft + fb - 0.5 x fh) x 1.25 / SMYS 0.176562

B=1.5 x fh / Fhc 0.001921

Straight Section L2

Tensile Stress ft 7.04 Mpa 1021.467589 psi

ft1=T2/A

Bending Stress fb 0 Mpa 0 psi

fb= E*D/(2*R)

Depth dp 3.428 m
dp=L1x Sin Fin + Rarc1(1-cos Fin)

External Mud Pressure ΔP 0.0420 Mpa 6.096999458 psi

ΔP=μmud x dp

External Hoop Stress fh 0.37119 Mpa 53.83656919 psi

fh=(ΔPxD)/(2xt)

Allowable Tension Fta 373.5 Mpa 54171.693 psi

Fta=0.9*SMYS
Since ft < Fta, Tension is within allowable

D/t 17.660021

Allowable Bending Fba 311.25 Mpa 45143.0775 psi

Fba= 0.75 x SMYS
Since fb < Fba, bending is within allowable

Fhe 572.791124 Mpa 83076.47902 psi

Fhe=0.88xEx(t/D)2

Hoop Buckling Stress Fhc 289.852402 Mpa 42039.61272 psi

Fhc=0.45 x SMYS+0.18 x Fhe

Allowable Buckling Stress Fhc/1.5 193.234935 Mpa 28026.40848 psi

Since fh < Fhc/1.5, external hoop stress is within allowable

Combined Load Checks

Tensile & bending ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba) 0.0189 <= 1 ,Check OK
ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba)<=1

2 2
Tensile,bending & Ext. Hoop Stresses A +B +2nx [A] x B 0.00045 <= 1 , Check OK
A2+B2+2nx [A] x B <=1

A=(ft + fb - 0.5 x fh) x 1.25 / SMYS 0.020654

B=1.5 x fh / Fhc 0.001921

Curve Section Larc2

Tensile Stress ft 9.32 Mpa 1352.00346 psi

ft1=Tarc2/A

Bending Stress fb 56.9415 Mpa 8258.681277 psi

fb= E*D/(2*R)

Depth dp 0 m
dp=L3x Sin Fout

External Mud Pressure ΔP 0 Mpa 0 psi

ΔP=μmud x dp

Page 5 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

External Hoop Stress fh 0.00000 Mpa 0 psi

fh=(ΔPxD)/(2xt)

Allowable Tension Fta 373.5 Mpa 54171.693 psi

Fta=0.9*SMYS
Since ft < Fta, Tension is within allowable

D/t 17.660021

Allowable Bending Fba 311.25 Mpa 45143.0775 psi

Fba= 0.75 x SMYS
Since fb < Fba, bending is within allowable

Fhe 572.791124 Mpa 83076.47902 psi

Fhe=0.88xEx(t/D)2

Hoop Buckling Stress Fhc 289.852402 Mpa 42039.61272 psi

Fhc=0.45 x SMYS+0.18 x Fhe

Allowable Buckling Stress Fhc/1.5 193.234935 Mpa 28026.40848 psi

Since fh < Fhc/1.5, external hoop stress is within allowable

Combined Load Checks

Tensile & bending ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba) 0.2079 <= 1 ,Check OK
ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba)<=1

2 2
Tensile,bending & Ext. Hoop Stresses A +B +2nx [A] x B 0.03984 <= 1 , Check OK
A2+B2+2nx [A] x B <=1

A=(ft + fb - 0.5 x fh) x 1.25 / SMYS 0.199588

B=1.5 x fh / Fhc 0.000000

Straight Section L3

Tensile Stress ft 9.32 Mpa 1352.00346 psi

ft1=T3/A

Bending Stress fb 0 Mpa 0 psi

fb= E*D/(2*R)

Depth dp 0 m

Page 6 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

External Mud Pressure ΔP 0 Mpa 0 psi

ΔP=μmud x dp

External Hoop Stress fh 0 Mpa 0 psi

fh=(ΔPxD)/(2xt)

Allowable Tension Fta 373.5 Mpa 54171.693 psi

Fta=0.9*SMYS
Since ft < Fta, Tension is within allowable

D/t 17.660021

Allowable Bending Fba 311.25 Mpa 45143.0775 psi

Fba= 0.75 x SMYS
Since fb < Fba, bending is within allowable

Fhe 572.791124 Mpa 83076.47902 psi

Fhe=0.88xEx(t/D)2

Hoop Buckling Stress Fhc 289.852402 Mpa 42039.61272 psi

Fhc=0.45 x SMYS+0.18 x Fhe

Allowable Buckling Stress Fhc/1.5 193.234935 Mpa 28026.40848 psi

Since fh < Fhc/1.5, external hoop stress is within allowable

Combined Load Checks

Tensile & bending ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba) 0.0250 <= 1 ,Check OK
ft / (0.9 x SMYS) + (fb /Fba)<=1

2 2
Tensile,bending & Ext. Hoop Stresses A +B +2nx [A] x B 0.00079 <= 1 , Check OK
A2+B2+2nx [A] x B <=1

A=(ft + fb - 0.5 x fh) x 1.25 / SMYS 0.028077

B=1.5 x fh / Fhc 0.000000

Page 7 of 8
PROJECT:

Prepared by:
Checked by:
HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING CALCULATION

OPERATING STRESSES
Pressure (Internal-External) ΔP 27.5800 Mpa
ΔP=P-(Lw x rw)

Hoop Stress sh 243.53 Mpa

sh = P D / 2t
Bending Stress sb 56.94 Mpa
sb = E D / 2R

Thermal Expansion sth -128.26 Mpa

sth = E a (T1-T2)

Allowable Hoop Stress

As per ASME Standard, allowable stress for hoop stress = 60% of SMYS = 249 Mpa
Condition : OK

Allowable Combined Operating Stress

Total Logitudinal Stress sL -112.14 Mpa Compressive value of bending stress considered
sL = sb + sth + sh n

Maximum Shear Stress

ss = (sC - sL)/2 ss 177.83 Mpa
Allowable Combined shear Stress = 45% SMYS 186.75 Mpa
Condition : OK As per PR 227-5424

HYDROTEST STRESSES

Pressure (Internal-External) ΔP 34.4750 Mpa

ΔP=P-(Lw x rw)
Hoop Stress sh 304.41 Mpa
sh = P D / 2t
Bending Stress sb 56.94 Mpa
sb = E D / 2R

Thermal Expansion sth -33.25 Mpa

sth = E a (T1-T3)

Allowable Hoop Stress

As per ASME Standard, allowable stress for hoop stress = 90% of SMYS = 374 Mpa
Condition : OK

Allowable Combined Hydrotest Stress

Total Logitudinal Stress sL 1.13 Mpa Compressive value of bending stress considered
sL = sb + sth + sh n

Maximum Shear Stress

ss = (sC - sL)/2 ss 151.64 Mpa
Allowable Combined shear Stress = 45% SMYS 186.75 Mpa
Condition : OK

Page 8 of 8