DIFFERENT FORMULAE

1. Kg Vs Cm

1 Cement Bag = 50 Kg 1 Squre =

1 Cement Bag = 1.25 Cft
1 Acre =
1 Cft Cement = 40 Kg
1 Kanal =
93 Kg Cement = 2.325 Cft
1 Marla =
2.325 Cft Cement = 0.065827 Cm

1 Cft Cement = 0.028313 Cm

1 Cm Cement = 35.32 Cft

Speed
1 km/h =
32 km/h =
48 km/h =
64 km/h =
80 km/h =
96 km/h =
112 km/h =
128 km/h =
144 km/h =
160 km/h =

Fuel
4.55 litres =
9.09 litres =
18.18 litres =
27.28 litres =
36.37 litres =
45.46 litres =
54.55 litres =
63.64 litres =

Fuel
3.79 litres =
7.57 litres =
15.14 litres =
22.72 litres =
 30.29 litres =
37.86 litres =
45.43 litres =
53.00 litres =

Weight
0.454 Kilograms =
0.907 Kilograms =
1.361 Kilograms =
1.814 Kilograms =
2.268 Kilograms =
4.536 Kilograms =
6.350 Kilograms =
9.072 Kilograms =
 25 Acres

8 Kanals

20 Marlas

225 Sq. Feet

0.625 mph Miles per hour

20 mph Kilometers per hour
30 mph
40 mph
50 mph
60 mph
70 mph
80 mph
90 mph
100 mph

1 Gallos(UK) litres
2 Gallos(UK) Gallos(UK)
4 Gallos(UK)
6 Gallos(UK)
8 Gallos(UK)
10 Gallos(UK)
12 Gallos(UK)
14 Gallos(UK)

1 Gallos(US) litres
2 Gallos(US) Gallos(US)
4 Gallos(US)
6 Gallos(US)
8 Gallos(US)
10 Gallos(US)
12 Gallos(US)
14 Gallos(US)

1 Pounds litres
2 Pounds Gallos(US)
3 Pounds
4 Pounds
5 Pounds
10 Pounds
14 Pounds
20 Pounds
 Sheet 5 of 19

Unit Conversion Tables

Inch (") Millimeters (mm) Feet (')

0.039 1 25.400 3.281 1
0.079 2 50.800 6.562 2
0.118 3 76.200 9.843 3
0.157 4 101.600 13.123 4
0.197 5 127.000 16.404 5
0.236 6 152.400 19.685 6
0.276 7 177.800 22.966 7
0.315 8 203.200 26.247 8
0.354 9 226.600 29.528 9
0.390 10 254.000 32.810 10

Miles Kilometers (km) Yards (yd)

0.621 1 1.609 1.094 1
1.243 2 3.219 2.187 2
1.864 3 4.828 3.281 3
2.485 4 6.437 4.375 4
3.707 5 8.047 5.468 5
3.728 6 9.656 6.564 6
4.35 7 11.265 7.658 7
4.971 8 12.875 8.752 8
5.529 9 14.484 9.846 9
6.210 10 16.090 10.940 10

Square Feet (ft2) Square Meters (m2) Square Yards (yd2)

10.764 1 0.093 1.196 1
21.528 2 0.186 2.392 2
32.292 3 0.279 3.588 3
43.056 4 0.372 4.784 4
53.819 5 0.465 5.98 5
64.583 6 0.557 7.176 6
75.347 7 0.650 8.372 7
86.111 8 0.743 9.568 8
96.875 9 0.836 10.764 9
107.640 10 0.930 11.960 10

Cubic Feet (ft3) Cubic Meters (m3) Cubic Yards (yd3)

35.315 1 0.028 1.308 1
70.629 2 0.057 3.616 2
105.943 3 0.085 3.924 3
141.258 4 0.113 5.232 4
176.572 5 0.140 6.54 5
211.887 6 0.170 7.848 6
247.201 7 0.198 9.156 7
282.516 8 0.227 10.464 8
 Sheet 6 of 19

317.83 9 0.255 11.772 9

353.150 10 0.280 13.080 10

Ounces (oz) Grammes (g) Pounds (lb)

0.035 1 28.350 2.205 1
0.071 2 56.699 4.409 2
0.106 3 85.049 6.614 3
0.141 4 113.398 8.819 4
0.176 5 141.748 11.023 5
0.212 6 170.097 13.226 6
0.247 7 198.447 15.432 7
0.282 8 226.796 17.637 8
0.317 9 255.146 19.842 9
0.350 10 283.500 22.050 10

Gallons (gall) Liters (l) Pints (pt)

0.22 1 4.544 1.761 1
0.44 2 9.087 3.521 2
0.66 3 13.631 5.282 3
0.88 4 18.174 7.043 4
1.101 5 22.718 8.804 5
1.321 6 27.262 10.564 6
1.541 7 31.805 12.325 7
1.761 8 36.349 14.086 8
1.981 9 40.892 15.847 9
2.200 10 45.440 17.610 10

The key figures printed in the center column, can be read as either metric or imperial.
Example
1 meter = 1.094 yards
1 yards = 0.914 meters
 Sheet 7 of 19

Meters (m)
0.305
0.610
0.914
1.219
1.514
1.829
2.134
2.438
2.743
3.050

Meters (m)
0.914
1.829
2.743
3.658
4.572
5.486
6.401
7.315
8.230
9.140

Square Meters (m2)

0.836
1.672
2.508
3.345
4.181
5.017
5.853
6.689
7.525
8.360

Cubic Meters (m3)

0.765
1.529
2.294
3.058
3.823
4.587
5.352
6.117
 Sheet 8 of 19

6.881
7.650

Kilograms (kg)
0.454
0.907
1.361
1.814
2.268
2.722
3.175
3.629
4.082
4.540

Liters (l)
0.568
1.136
1.704
2.272
2.840
3.406
3.976
4.544
5.112
5.680

etric or imperial.
 Sheet 9 of 19

Metric Conversion

Length Weight
1 millimeter (mm) = 0.0394 ins 1 gramme (g) (1000 mg)
1 meter (m) (1000 mm) = 1.0936 yds 1 pound (lb) (16 ounces)
1 Kilometer (km) (1000 m) = 0.5214 mile 1 ton (2240 pounds)
1inch = 25.4 mm 1 US ton
1yard (36 inches) = 0.9144 m 1 metric tonne
1mile (1760 yard) = 1.6093 km 1 hundred weight (cwt)

Area Power
1 square meter (m2) (10000 cm2) = 1.1960 square yds ins 1 horsepower (hp)
1 hector (he) (10000 m2) = 2.4711 acres 1 Kilowatt (kw)
1 square Kilometer (km2) (100 hectors) = 0.3851 square mile
1square yard (9 square feet) = 0.8361 m2
1acre (4840 yard2) = 4046.9 m2
 Sheet 10 of 19

= 0.0353 oz
= 0.4536 kg
= 1.0161 tonnes
= 2000 lb
= 2200 lb
= 112 lb

= 0.0353 oz
= 0.4536 kg
 AREAS FOR VARIOUS COMPONENTS
BASHA DIAMER DAM PROJECT
Legends = INPUTS
OUTPUTS
1. NEAC PROPOSALS

DIVERSION TUNNELS

AREA
7m A1
A1 = (πD2)/8 76.969
21 m
A2 = a*b 196
14 m
A2
Total Area= A1+A2 272.969

14 m
0.65

POWER TUNNELS

AREA = (πD2)/4 50.265

8 m
25.13274

ELEVATOR SHAFT

4 m

AREA = a x b 16.000

4 m

1. MONENCO PROPOSALS

DIVERSION TUNNELS

AREA
Radius 8.75 m 8.75 m
Dia 17.5 m A1 17.5 m A1 = (πR2) 240.528

A2 A2 = Say 8

10 m
Total Area= A1+A2 248.528
POWER TUNNELS

AREA (πD2)/4 56.745

8.5 m

Tail Race TUNNELS

AREA
3.43 m A1
A1 = (πD2)/8 18.426
18.5 m
A2 = a*b 103.2638
15.08 m
A2
Total Area= A1+A2 121.690

6.85 m
0.33 0.98 7.48
 Sheet 14 of 19

PROPERTIES OF AREAS
Legends = INPUTS
OUTPUTS

Sr.No. Name Sketch Area Location of I or Ic

Centroid
Formula Value Formula Value Formula Value
b
Ic h
4
1 Rectangle Yc bh 16.00 Yc=h/2 2.00 Ic=(bh3)/12 21.33
4

Ic h
2 Triangle 10 (bh)/2 25.00 Yc=h/3 3.33 Ic=(bh3)/36 138.89
Yc
b
5

Ic D (πD2)/4 38.48 Yc=D/2 3.50 Ic=(πD4)/64 117.86

3 Circle 7
Yc

I r 3.5

4 Semi-Circle Yc (πD2)/8 19.24 Yc=(4r)/(3π) 1.49 I=(πD4)/128 58.93

D 7

5 Ellipse Ic 3
Yc h (πbh)/4 23.56 Yc=h/2 1.50 Ic=(πbh3)/64 13.25
10 b

6 Semi-Ellipse Yc h 1.5 (πbh)/4 11.78 Yc=(4h)/(3π) 0.64 I=(πbh3)/16 6.63

I
b
10
b
3
5
7 Prabola h Yc (2bh)/3 10.00 Yc=(3b)/8 1.13 I=(2bh3)/7 107.14
I

Engr. Farooq Bhutta 03-03-2004

 Sheet 15 of 19

Xc Xc=(3b)/5 1.80

Engr. Farooq Bhutta 03-03-2004

 Sheet 16 of 19

GEOMETRIC ELEMNTS OF CHA

Legends = INPUTS
OUTPUTS

Sr. Name Sketch Area Wetted Perimeter

No. (A) (P)
Formula Value Formula Value

5
1 Rectangle Y BY 50.00 B+2Y 20.00
10
B

2 Trapezoid 1 1 10 (B+ZY)Y 600.00 B+2(Y2+(ZY)2)0.5 84.72

z Y
2
B
40

T
ZY2 50.00 2Y(1+Z2)0.5 22.36
3 Triangle 1 1 Y5
z
2

4 Circle (D2/8)(θ-sinθ) 124.33 (1/2)θD 9.08

D
15 θ Y 10
218

5 Prabola 5
T (2/3)TY 33.33 T+((8Y2)/(3T)) 58.33
10
Y

0.5 -0.6157
3.80482
4.42048
28.125
124.326

Engr. Farooq Bhutta 03-03-2004

 Sheet 17 of 19

LEMNTS OF CHANNEL SECTIONS

Hydraulic Radius Top Width Hydraulic Depth Section Factor

(R=A/P) (T) (D) (e)
Formula Value Formula Value Formula Value Formula

BY 2.50 B 10.00 Y 5.00 B(Y)1.5

B+2Y

(B+ZY)Y 7.08 (B+2ZY) 80.00 (B+ZY)Y 7.50 [ (B+ZY)Y ]1.5

(B+2Y)x(1+Z2)0.5 (B+2ZY) (B+2ZY)0.5

ZY2 2.24 2ZY 20.00 1/2 Y 2.50 (1/(1/2)0.5) Z(Y)2.5

2Y(1+Z2)0.5

(1/4)(1-(sinθ/θ)D 3.77 D(sin(θ/2)) 12.25 D (θ-sinθ) 18.45 ((2)0.5/32)*[(θ-sinθ)1.5D2.5]

or θ(Sin(θ/2)) [(sin(θ/2))0.3]
2 (Y(D-Y)) 0.5
14.14

2 T2 Y 0.57 3A 5.00 (2/3) Y 6.67 (2/9)(6)0.5 T (Y)1.5

3T2+8Y2 2Y

Engr. Farooq Bhutta 03-03-2004

 Sheet 18 of 19

Factor

Value

111.80 Area = 50.0000 square ft., Perimeter = 30'-0.00"

1643.17 Area = 100.0000 square ft., Perimeter = 62'-4.33"

158.11 Area = 50.0000 square ft., Perimeter = 42'-4.33"

228998.54 Area = 15476.13 square in. (107.4731 square ft.), Perimeter = 43'-7.91"
Area = 2545.58 square in. (17.6777 square ft.), Perimeter = 29'-1.71"
Area = 9970.77 square in. (69.2415 square ft.), Perimeter = 33'-5.57"
Area = 25446.90 square in. (176.7146 square ft.), Circumference = 47'-1.49"

86.07

Engr. Farooq Bhutta 03-03-2004

 Sheet 19 of 19

PROPERTIES OF SOLID BODIES

Legends = INPUTS
OUTPUTS

Sr.No. Name Sketch Volume Location of

Center of Mass
Formula Value Formula Value

h
10
1 Cylinder Yc (πD2h)/4 196.35 Yc=h/2 5.00

D 5

h
10
2 Cone Yc (1/3)((πD2h)/4) 65.45 Yc=h/4 2.50

D 5

D (πD3)/6 179.59 Yc=D/2 3.50

3 Sphere 7
Yc

r 5.0
4 Hemi-Sphere Yc (πD3)/12 26.18 Yc=(3r)/8 1.88

D 10

h
15
5 Praboloid Yc

(1/2)((πD2h)/4) 589.05 Yc=h/3 5.00

D 10

Engr. Farooq Bhutta 3-03-2004