BUILDING PLANNING

AND
DRAWING

By
DR. N. Kumara swamy & A. Kameshwara Rao

Edition : 5th Edition : 2011

ISBN : 978 - 93 - 80358 - 28 - 4
Size : 170 mm × 240 mm
Binding : Paperback with Four color Jacket Cover
Pages : 434 + 16 ` 185.00
Charotar

About the book CONTENT

Drawing is the language of Engineers and Architects. Building Planning and Drawing  is  the 1 : INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING DRAWING
foundation subject for Civil Engineering students. In this Edition each topic of the textbook 2 : BRIEF HISTORY OF BUILDING DRAWING
has been arranged in such a way that reader is empowered with an in-depth knowledge in the 3 : DIFFERENT TYPES OF BUILDINGS
subject of Building Planning and Drawing. 4 : DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Two chapters namely Perspective Drawings and Computer Aided Building Drawing are 5 : SITE SELECTION FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
6 : CLIMATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON BUILDING
thoroughly revised and extensively enlarged in this edition.
PLANNING
Following Three chapters fulfil the needs of various Technological Universities in our country. 7 : ORIENTATON OF BUILDINGS
8 : PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING OF BUILDINGS
(1) Climate and Its Influence on Building Planning 9 : DIFFERENT METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
(2) Perspective Drawings 10 : PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
(3) Computer Aided Drawing. 11 : ECONOMY MEASURES IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
In Chapter 19, “Guideline for Planning and Drawing on Residential Building” and a new topic on 12 : BUILDING BYE-LAWS
“Fixing the Position of Various Building Components and Justification” are included in this book. 13 : PLANNING OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
A separate chapter as Question bank includes: 14 : PLANNING OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS
15 : CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
275 Short Questions with Answers 16 : BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE BUILDING ELEMENTS
123 Multiple Choice Questions 17 : NOMENCLATURE OF BUILDING ELEMENTS
89 Questions. 18 : STANDARD GUIDELINES FOR BUILDING DRAWING
19 : GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING AND DRAWING OF
The book now in its 26 Chapters and Appendix contains :
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
* 254 Neatly drawn self-explanatory diagrams 20 : DRAFTING MATERIALS AND THEIR UTILIZATION
* 50 Plates of important components and different plans of buildings 21 : CONVENTIONAL SIGNS AND B.I.S. CODE COLOURS
* 48 Useful Tables 22 : A FEW FACTS OF THE VAASTU SASTRA
* 326 University Type questions are given for preparation of examinations. 23 : PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS
24 : COMPUTER AIDED BUILDING DRAWING
It is the fervent hope of the authors that this book will satisfy the needs of the Civil Engineering 25 : TYPICAL BUILDING DRAWINGS
students preparing for the B.Tech/B.E. examinations of almost all the Indian Universities, Diploma 26 : QUESTION BANK
examinations conducted by various Boards of Technical Education, Certificate courses as well as APPENDIX A UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION
for the A.M.I.E., U.P.S.C., G.A.T.E. and other similar competitive and professional Examinations. It
should also be of an immense help to the practising Civil Engineers.

Checklist
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 2
Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING DRAWING Chapter 8 : PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING OF BUILDINGS
Chapter 2 : BRIEF HISTORY OF BUILDING DRAWING 8-1 Aspect
Chapter 3 : DIFFERENT TYPES OF BUILDINGS 8-2 Prospect
3-1 Residential buildings 8-3 Privacy
3-2 Educational buildings (1) Internal privacy (2) External privacy
3-3 Institutional buildings 8-4 Furniture requirement
3-4 Assembly buildings 8-5 Roominess
3-5 Business buildings 8-6 Grouping
3-6 Mercantile buildings 8-7 Circulation
3-7 Industrial buildings (1) Horizontal circulation (2) Vertical circulation
3-8 Storage buildings 8-8 Sanitation
3-9 Hazardous buildings 8-8-1 Lighting
University examination question 8-8-2 Ventilation
Chapter 4 : DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESIDENTIAL (1) Climate
BUILDINGS (2) Purpose of the room Residential house, Public Buildings
4-1 Detached house (3) Number of occupants and the nature of occupancy
4-2 Semi-detached house Types of ventilation
4-3 Row houses or chawls (1) Natural ventilation Width of window Number of windows
4-4 Block of flats or terrace houses Operating forces in natural ventilation
(2) Mechanical ventilation
4-5 Duplex type house
8-8-3 Cleanliness
University examination questions
8-9 Flexibility
Chapter 5 : SITE SELECTION FOR RESIDENTIAL
8-10 Elegance
BUILDINGS
8-11 Economy
5-1 General
8-12 Practical considerations
5-2. Factors affecting the selection of site
University examination questions
(1) Topography (7) Vegetation Chapter 9 : DIFFERENT METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION
(2) Nature of sub-soil (8) Shape of the site 9-1 General
(3) Position of ground water table (9) Availability of men and University examination questions
(4) Facilitie materials Chapter 10 : PREFABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
(5) Neighbourhood (10) Proximity to seashore 10-1 Advantages of prefabricated construction
(6) Certain things those should 10-2 Disadvantages of prefabrication construction
not be near the site University examination questions
University examination questions Chapter 11 : ECONOMY MEASURES IN BUILDING
Chapter 6 : CLIMATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON CONSTRUCTION
BUILDING PLANNING 11-1 General
6-1 Solar radiation 11-2 Economy of land
6-2 Temperature of air 11-3 Economy in material of construction
6-3 Wind (1) Judicious use of available materials
6-4 Humidity (2) Locally available low cost materials
6-5 Precipitation (3) Utilization of cost effective materials
6-6 Climatic zones (4) Utilization of waste materials as building materials
(1) Hot dry zone (3) Composite zone 11-4 Economy in labour
(2) Warm humid zone (4) Cold zone 11-5 Economy of time
6-7 Climate and comfort 11-6 Economy in money spending
6-8 Earth and its motion University examination questions
6-9 Directions and their characteristics Chapter 12 : BUILDING BYE-LAWS
(1) North (5) South 12-1 Introduction
(2) North-East (6) South West 12-2 Objectives of building bye-laws
(3) East (7) West 12-3 What are building bye-laws?
(4) South East (8) North West 12-3-1 Minimum plot sizes and building frontage
6-10 Landscaping (1) Status of the area
University examination questions (2) Nature of road adjoining the building
Chapter 7 : ORIENTATON OF BUILDINGS 12-3-2 Open spaces
7-1 General 12-3-3 Minimum standard dimensions of building elements
7-2 Orientation 12-3-4 Provisions for lighting and ventilation
7-3 Factors affecting orientation 12-3-5 Provisions for safety from fire and explosions
7-4 Sun 12-3-6 Provisions for means of access
7-5 Wind 12-3-7 Provisions for drainage and sanitation
7-6 Rain 12-3-8 Provisions for safety of works against hazards or accidents
7-7 C.B.R.I.: Suggestions for obtaining optimum orientation 12-3-9 requirements for off street parking
7-8 Orientation criteria for Indian conditions 12-3-10 Requirements for green belt and landscaping
(1) Hot arid zones (dry arid zones) 12-3-11 Special requirements for low income housing
(2) Hot-humid zones 12-3-12 Sizes of structural elements
(3) Tropical hilly regions 12-4 Applicability of the bye-laws
University examination questions University examination questions
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Chapter 13 : PLANNING OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
13-1 Introduction
13-2 Rooms meant for the various activities
(1) Drawing or living room (10) Study room
(2) Dining room (11) Guest room
(3) Kitchen (12) Sick room or comfort room
(4) Bedroom (13) Hobbies room
(5) Bath and water-closets (14) Ladies apartment room
(6) Verandah (15) Office room
(7) Store room (16) Stairs
(8) Worship or prayer room (17) Garage
or pooja room
(9) Children’s room or nursery room
University examination questions
Chapter 14 : PLANNING OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS
14-1 A school
(1) Site selection (7) Gymnasium
(2) Principles of planning (8) Administrative area and
(3) Components of a school staff rooms
(4) Design of a class room (9) Shapes of the building
(5) Library (10) Sanitary requirements
(6) Assembly or multipurpose (11) Principles of planning a
room school building
14-2 A library
14-3 A hospital
(1) Site selection for a hospital (6) Pathology department
(2) Planning (7) Staff quarters
(3) Wards (8) Sanitary units
(4) Operating theatres (9) Principles of planning
(5) Radiology department a hospital
14-4 A cinema building
(1) Site selection (5) Foyer and lobbies
(2) Auditorium (6) Box offices
(3) Screen system (7) Manager’s office
(4) Projection room (8) Sanitary units
14-5 A hostel
(1) Students’ hostel (10) Warden’s office
(2) Site selection (11) Residential area
(3) Employees or tourists (12) Dining hall
hostel (13) Kitchen
(4) Ladies and working (14) Recreation room
women’s hostel (15) Store room
(5) Planning of a hostel (16) Sanitary units
(6) Open type hostel (17) Principles of planning
(7) Closed type hostel
(8) Special requirements of
ladies’ hostel
(9) Main entrance hall a hostel
14-6 A hotel
14-7 An office building
(1) Entrance (3) Storage
(2) Corridors (4) Sanitary units
14-8 A post office
(1) Site selection (2) Planning of head post office
14-9 A bank
(1) Selection of site (4) Operations
(2) Functional units
(3) Safe deposit and money vaults
14-10 A bus station
(1) Selection of site
(2) Waiting hall
(3) Canteen and stalls
(4) Sanitary units
(5) Administrative area
University examination questions
(6) Parking area for buses
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3
Chapter 15 : CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
TECHNIQUES
15-1 Introduction
15-2 Construction management functions
15-3 Objectives of construction management
15-4 Managing construction projects
15-5 Stages of a construction project and construction management
team
15-6 Network technique in construction management
15-7 Programme evaluation and review techniques
15-8 Critical path method
15-9 Definition
15-10 Applicability
15-11 Difference between cpm and pert
15-12 Advantages of cpm
University examination questions
Chapter 16 : BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE BUILDING
ELEMENTS
16-1 General
16-2 Components of a building
(1) Foundation or substructure (2) Superstructure
16-3. Foundations
(1) Purpose of foundation (5) Selection of the foundation
(2) Types of foundation (6) Causes of foundation failures
(3) Functional classification and remedial measures
(4) Material classification
16-4 Masonry walls
(1) Uses (12) Position of cavity at
(2) Bond eaves or parapet
(3) Classification of masonry (13) Stone masonry
(4) Brick masonry (14) Uses of stone masonry
(5) Size of brick (15) Classification of stone
(6) Various shapes of brick masonry
(7) Different types of bonds (16) Comparison between stone
(8) Cavity wall masonry and brick masonry
(9) Suitability (17) Cement concrete masonry
(10) Position of cavity wall (18) Advantages of hollow
(11) Position of cavity wall concrete block masonry
at foundation
16-5. Doors
(1) Basic parts of door (6) Battened and ledged door
(2) Location of door (7) Battened, ledged and
(3) Sizes of doors braced door
(4) Types of doors (8) Panelled and glazed door
(5) Panelled door or framed (9) Flush door
and panelled door
16-6. Windows
(1) Different types of windows (3) Sash or glazed windows
(2) Steel window
16-7 Lintels and arches
(1) Lintels (5) Construction of arches
(2) Functions of lintel (6) Elements of an arch
(3) Classification of lintels (7) Classification of arches
(4) Arches
16-8 Stairs
16-9 Roof
(1) Selection of roof (7) Collar roof
(2) Flat roofs (8) King post truss roof
(3) Pitched roof (9) Queen post truss
(4) Lean-to-roof (10) Steel roof truss
(5) Couple roof (11) Comparison of flat roof
(6) Closed couple roof and pitched roof
16-10 Flooring
16-11 Plastering
(1) Objectives of plastering (2) Types of plastering materials
University examination questions
 4
Chapter 17 : NOMENCLATURE OF BUILDING Chapter 21 : CONVENTIONAL SIGNS AND B.I.S. CODE
ELEMENTS COLOURS
Chapter 18 : STANDARD GUIDELINES FOR Chapter 22 : A FEW FACTS OF THE VAASTU SASTRA
BUILDING DRAWING 22-1 Introduction
22-2 Shape of the site
18-1 Drawing sheet
22-3 Directions
18-2 Dimensioning 22-4 Orientation
18-3 Lettering 22-5 Level differences
18-4 Genera 22-6 Main entrance
Chapter 19 : GUIDELINES FOR PLANNING AND 22-7 Number of doors and windows
DRAWING OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDING 22-8 Number of columns and beams
19-1 Planning 22-9 Number of steps
19-2 Plan 22-10 Well
19-3 How to prepare the plan? 22-11 Colours
22-12 Roof
19-4 Section
22-13 Colour and taste of land
19-5 Elevation 22-14 Relevance of vaastu today
19-6 Standard dimensions for various building units (1) Planning of a building (3) Doors and windows
19-7 Fixing the position of various building components and (2) Open space (4) Rooms
justification University examination questions
(1) Location of door (27) Placement of soap shelf Chapter 23 : PERSPECTIVE DRAWINGS
(2) Opening of door (28) Position of door shutter 23-1 Necessity of perspective drawings of building
(3) Number of doors (29) Placement of seat 23-2 Principle of perspective projection
(4) Opening of door (30) Water tap location 23.3 Characteristics of perspective
(5) Location of window (31) W.C. floor and floor level 23-4 Perspective elements
(1) Ground line (GL)
(6) Opening of window (32) Foot rest angle
(2) Eye point or Station
(7) Location of ventilator (33) Water tap height and projection point (SP)
(8) Location of sink and (34) Weight of cistern (3) Vanishing Point (VP)
drain board (35) Ventilator opening (4) Picture Plane (PP)
(9) Location of exhaust fan (36) Slope and placement of W.C. (5) Eye level
(10) Width of worktop (37) Toilet fixtures (with bath tub) (6) Horizontal line or Horizon (HL)
(fig. 19-13) (38) Toilet fixtures (7) Perpendicular axis (PA)
(11) Height of worktop (without bath tub) (8) Centre of vision
1
(12) Location of worktop (39) Location of two doors (9) Angle of vision
(10) Cone of vision
(13) Shelf height (40) Number of doors
(11) Orthogonal lines
(14) Location of ‘Nahani’ (41) Depth of cupboard 23-5 Classification of perspective projection
(15) Height of water tap (42) Location of cupboard (1) Parallel perspective or one point perspective
(16) Garbage Bin (43) Opening of cupboard (2) Oblique or Angular perspective
(17) Wall protection above (44) Width of door and passage 23-6 Distance points
worktop and sink (45) Sill level of window University examination questions
(18) Kitchen location (46) Single flight staircase Chapter 24 : COMPUTER AIDED BUILDING DRAWING
(19) Kitchen services in (47) Height of balustrades 24-1 CAD Hardware
(1) Central Processing (2) Input devices
apartments (48) Tread and riser
Unit (CPU) (3) Output devices
(20) Orientation 24-2 CAD Software
(21) Slope of kitchen floor 24-3 AutoCAD
(22) Slope and water outlet 24-4 Application of AutoCAD
(23) Bathing area 24-5 Operation of AutoCAD package
(24) Projection of water tap and 24-6 Function Keys
shower 24-7 AutoCAD 2010 Screen Layout
24-8 Hardware requirement for AutoCAD 2010
(25) Placement of fixtures
24-9. Planning for a drawing
(26) Height of washbasin and (1) Fix drawing units and fix limits of the drawing
rack/shelf (2) Basic geometric commands depending upon the requirement
Chapter 20 : DRAFTING MATERIALS AND THEIR (3) Utilize basic editing commands
UTILIZATION (4) File handling commands
20-1 Tracing paper (5) Text dimensioning commands
20-2 Vellum 24-10 Methods to generate Building drawings in autocad
20-3 Polyester film (1) Absolute coordinate method
(2) Relative coordinate method
20-4 Sketch paper
(3) Relative polar coordinate method
20-5 Prints and prints making (4) Direct distance entry method
(1) Blue prints, (5) Object SNAP method
(2) Ammonia prints or diazo process 24-11 Typical building plans in autocad
20-6 Drawing pens and ink University examination questions
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 5
Chapter 25 : TYPICAL BUILDING DRAWINGS 29 Steel roof truss
1 Conventional signs 30 Stair cases
2 Conventional symbols 31 Straight stairs with two flights
3 Stretcher and header bonds 32 Details of stairs
4 English bond 33 Foundations
5 Flemish bond 34 Model drawing showing projection of section over plan (1)
6 Stone masonry 35 Model drawing showing projection of section over plan (2)
7 Cavity walls (1) 36 A Building
8 Cavity walls (2) 37 An Office building
9 Door frame 38 A Home
10 Types of panelled doors 39 A Dwelling
11 Ledged, braced and battened door 40. L.I.G. House
12 Panelled door 41 M.I.G. House
13 Glazed and panelled door 42 A Residential House
14 Collapsible steel door 43 A Cottage
15 Types of doors (1) 44 Two storeyed residential building
15A Types of doors (2) 45 Duplex house
16 Hollow core or framed flush door 46 Plan of a secondary school
17 Window frame 47 Primary health centre
18 Panelled window 48 Post office
19 Glazed window Chapter 26 : QUESTION BANK
20 Carpentry joints (1) 26-1 Short questions with answers in Building Drawing
21 Carpentry joints (2) 26-2 Short questions with answers in Building Planning
22 Carpentry joints (3) 26-3 Multiple choice questions in
23 Lean to roof building planning and drawing
24 Types of roofs (1) 26-4 Answer the following
25 Types of roofs (2) Questions in brief
26 King post truss APPENDIX A
27 Details of king post truss UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
28 Queen post truss BIBLIOGRAPHY

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