Example 12.

(a) How much current will an electric bulb draw from a 220 V
source, if the resistance of the bulb filament is 1200 Ω
(b) How much current will an electric heater coil draw from
a 220 V source, if the resistance of the heater coil is 100 Ω?
q
+f +x=y
g
(a) How much current will an electric bulb draw from a 220 V
source, if the resistance of the bulb filament is 1200 Ω

Bulb

1200 Ω

I?

Battery

+ −
220 V
 V = 220 V
R = 1200 Ω

voltage in volt = current in ampere × resistance in ohm

V =I ×R
220 = I × 1200
220
=I
1200
I = 0.18 A
(b) How much current will an electric heater coil draw from
a 220 V source, if the resistance of the heater coil is 100 Ω?

Heater coil

100 Ω

I
Battery

+ −
220 V
 V = 220 V
R = 100 Ω

voltage in volt = current in ampere × resistance in ohm

V =I ×R
220 = I × 100
220
=I
100
I = 2.2 A

Note: the different of current drawn by an electric bulb and

electric heater from the same 220 V source
Example 12.4 The potential difference between the terminals
of an electric heater is 60 V when it draws a current of 4 A
from the source. What current will the heater draw if the
potential difference is increased to 120 V?

Electric heater

Ω
4A

60 V
 V = 60 V
I = 4A

voltage in volt = current in ampere × resistance in ohm

V =I ×R
60 = 4 × R
60
=R ⇒ R = 15 Ω
4
 Electric heater

I 15 Ω

120 V
 V = 120 V
R = 15 Ω

voltage in volt = current in ampere × resistance in ohm

V =I ×R
substitute value for V and R, we get
120 = I × 15
120
=I ⇒ I = 8A
15
 Lamp
Conductor

4Ω
20 Ω
+
6V Battery I
−

A
Ammeter
 A1 i2 B1 D1
+ iul gi1
R1

uul C1 CE1 L1

i1 ie1
i4
−
 i1

R1
i2

R2
i3

R3
+
−

Battery V
− +
A
+ −
6V
 A

(a + b)2 = (a + b)(a + b)
FOIL operations
=a·a+a·b+b·a+b·b
evaluate each sub-expression
= a2 + ab + ba + b2
scalar multiplication is commutative
(a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2