CRE - Assignment

1. In a homogeneous isothermal liquid polymerization, 20% of the monomer

disappears in 34 minutes for initial monomer concentration of 0.04 and also
for 0.8 mol/liter. What rate equation represents the disappearance of the
monomer?

2. The first-order reversible liquid reaction

takes place in a batch reactor. After 8 minutes, conversion of A is 33.3%.

While equilibrium conversion is 66.7%. Find the rate equation for this
reaction.

3. Aqueous A at a concentration CA0 = 1 mol/liter is introduced into a batch

reactor where it reacts away to form product R according to stoichiometry A
 R. The concentration of A in the reactor is monitored at various
times, as shown below:
t, min 0 100 200 300 400
CA,mol/m3 1000 500 333 250 200
For CA0 = 500 mol/m3 find the conversion of reactant after 5 hours in the
batch reactor and find the rate for the reaction.

4. At room temperature sucrose is hydrolyzed by the catalytic action of the

enzyme sucrase as follows:
sucrase
sucrose ---- products
Starting with a sucrose concentration CA0 = 1.0 millimol/liter and an enzyme
concentration CEO = 0.01 millimollliter, the following kinetic data are
obtained in a batch reactor (concentrations calculated from optical rotation
measurements):

Determine whether these data can be reasonably fitted by a kinetic equation

of the Michaelis-Menten type, or -rA = (k3 CA CE0)/(CA + CM) where
CM = Michaelis constant
If the fit is reasonable, evaluate the constants k3 and CM. Solve by the
integral method.
5. Enzyme E catalyzes the transformation of reactant A to product R as
follows:

If we introduce enzyme (CEO = 0.001 mol/liter) and reactant (CA0 = 10

mol/liter) into a batch reactor and let the reaction proceed, find the time
needed for the concentration of reactant to drop to 0.025 mol/liter. Note that
the concentration of enzyme remains unchanged during the reaction.

6. A specific enzyme acts as catalyst in the fermentation of reactant A. At a

given enzyme concentration in the aqueous feed stream (25 liter/min) find
the volume of plug flow reactor needed for 95% conversion of reactant A
(CA0 = 2 mol/liter). The kinetics of the fermentation at this enzyme
concentration is given by

7. A stream of pure gaseous reactant A (CA0 = 660 mmol/liter) enters a plug

flow reactor at a flow rate of FA0 = 540 mmol/min and polymerizes there as
follows

How large a reactor is needed to lower the concentration of A in the exit

stream to CAf = 330 mmol/liter?

8. We are planning to operate a batch reactor to convert A into R. This is a

liquid reaction, the stoichiometry is A+R, and the rate of reaction is given in
the below table. How long must we react each batch for the concentration to
drop from C = 1.3 mol/liter to CAf = 0.3 mol/liter?
9. A high molecular weight hydrocarbon gas A is fed continuously to a heated
high temperature mixed flow reactor where it thermally cracks
(homogeneous gas reaction) into lower molecular weight materials,
collectively called R, by a stoichiometry approximated by A  5R. By
changing the feed rate different extents of cracking are obtained as follows:

The internal void volume of the reactor is V = 0.1 liter, and at the
temperature of the reactor the feed concentration is CA0 = 100
millimol/liter. Find a rate equation to represent the cracking reaction.

10.For the reaction

A+ 2B 2C
The following data were obtained

Expt Initial concentration Initial reaction

No rate
[A] [B] Rate
mol L-1 mol L-1 mol L-1 min-1
1 1.0 1.0 0.15
 2 2.0 1.0 0.30
3 3.0 1.0 0.45
4 1.0 2.0 0.15
5 1.0 3.0 0.15
Write down the rate law for the reaction

11.Rate law for the reaction

2 Cl2O 2Cl2 + O2
At 200oC is found to be rate = K[Cl2O]2
(a) How would the rate change if [Cl2O] is reduced to one third of its
original value?
(b) How should the [Cl2O] be changed in order to double the rate?
(c) How would the rate change if [Cl2O] is raised to threefold of its original
value?

12.For the reaction

2NO + Cl2 2NOCl
At 300 K following data were obtained
Expt Initial concentration Initial reaction
No rate
[NO] [Cl2] Rate
mol L-1 mol L-1 mol L-1 min-1
1 0.010 0.010 1.2 * 10-4
2 0.010 0.020 2.4 * 10-4
3 0.020 0.020 9.6 * 10-4
Write rate of law for the reaction. What is the order of the reaction? Also
calculate the specific rate constant.
13.For a reaction in which A and B forms C the following data were obtained
from three experiments.
Expt Initial concentration Initial reaction
No
 rate
[A] [B] Rate
mol L-1 mol L-1 mol L-1 min-1
1 0.03 0.03 0.3 * 10-4
2 0.06 0.06 1.2 * 10-4
3 0.06 0.09 2.7 * 10-4
What is the rate equation for the reaction and what is the value of rate
constant?
14.The kinetics of oxidation of sodium sulphite by sodium hypochlorite is
investigated by a rapid flow technique. The experiments were carried out at
18oC. initial concentration of sodium sulphite C AO= 1.71 * 10-3 mol L-1.
Initial concentration of sodium hypochlorite CBO= 1.95 * 10-2 mol L-1.
During the reaction, for different residence time in the reactor following data
was obtained.
Residence time CB * 103
t * 103 (sec) mol L-1

17.6 18.75

35.4 18.14

54 17.95

71 17.88

Calculate the specific reaction rate constant and the order of reaction.

15.In a reaction carried out at 60oC benzene peroxide is converted to diethyl

ether. It is observed that the reaction follows first order mechanism and the
reaction rate constant is 2.4 * 10-3 sec-1. Calculate the concentration of
benzene peroxide in solution after 60, 180, 300, and 540 sec.

16.The time required for 10 % completion of first order reaction at 298 K is

equal to that required for its 25 % completion at 308 K. if the pre-
 exponential factor for the reaction is 3.56*109 sec-1. Calculate the energy of
activation.

17.At 380oC the half life period for the first order decomposition of H2O2 is 360
min. the energy of activation of the reaction is 200kJ mol -1. Calculate the
time required for 75% decomposition at 450oC.

18.In studying the kinetics of decomposition reaction, the concentration of

reactants was determined analytically at different time interval. The
following results were obtained.

Time (min) Concentration

mol L-1

0 0.10

10 0.0714

20 0.0556

40 0.0385

100 0.02

125 0.0167

Determine the order and rate constant for the reaction

19.The reaction 2B(g) -B2(g) Was carried out at a temperature of 325oC with
constant volume. Measurements of the total pressure as the reaction proceed
yielded the following data.
t (min) P (kPa)

0 84.25

10 78.91

20 74.25
 30 71.12

40 68.52

50 66.25

60 64.52

70 63.05

80 61.72

The rate expression is assumed as

-dp/dt =KPn
Where P is the partial pressure of B. determine the values of K and n

20.Gas A decomposes irreversibly to form a gas C according to the following

reaction
A-- 2 C
The reaction is first order w.r.t A. the decomposition reaction is carried out
in an isothermal, constant volume batch reactor. Derive an expression
relating the pressure of the system with time, assuming that the reacting
gases behave ideally.

21.Experimental data for the reaction

2A+B2 2AB
Expt [A] [B2] Rate
No mol L-1 mol L-1 mol L-1 sec-1
1 0.50 0.50 1.6 * 10-4
2 0.50 1.00 3.2 * 10-4
3 1.00 1.00 3.2 * 10-4
Write the most probable equation for the rate of reaction giving reason for
your answer.

22.Two parallel first order reactions

 A → B (k1 – rate constant)

A → C (k2 – rate constant) are taking place in liquid phase in

well mixed batch reactors. After 60min of operation, 80% of A has
reacted a while 2 moles of B per mole of C was detected in the reactor.
Calculate the rate constants k1 and k2 for the two reactions. Assume that
no B and C were initially present in the reactor.

23.Steady state plug flow reactor (PFR) data for isothermal irreversible reaction
A→B is shown in table. Reactor space time was 10seconds in both the cases.
Other things such as feed and product density, reactor temperature etc. are
same in both the cases. If the reaction is known to be non-zero integer order,
find the reaction order and rate constant.

Conentration pf A (kmol/m3)
In feed In Product
Case I 1 0.5
Case II 2 0.555

24.50% conversion is obtained in a CSTR for a homogeneous, isothermal,

liquid phase, irreversible second order reaction. What is the conversion if the
reactor volume is five times the original-all else the remaining unchanged?

25.Acetaldehyde(A) decomposes to methane(b) and carbon monoxide(C)

according to the irreversible gas phase reaction A→B+C. 1 kmol/se of A is
to be decomposed at 527 C ͦ and 1 atmosphere in a plug flow reactor. The
first order rate constant k was 0.5/sec. Calculate the volume of reactor for
40% decomposition of A.

26.The elementary, second order, liquid phase reaction A+B→C+D is

conducted in an isothermal plug flow reactor of 1 m3 capacity. The inlet
volumetric flow rate is 10m3/h and CA0= CB0=2kmol/m3. At these conditions,
conversions of A is 50%.Now,if a stirred tank reactor of 2m3 capacity is
 installed in series, upstream of the plug flow reactor, then what conversion
can be expected in the new system of reactors?

27.A gaseous mixture consists of 80 mol% N2 and 20 mol% CO2 are

continuously fed to the absorber column in which CO2 are completely
absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution according to the following reaction:

CO2 + 2NaOH → Na2CO3 + H2O

M.wt 44 40 106 18

The product liquid stream are left the bottom of the absorber at a rate of
1000 Ib/hr with composition of 26.5 wt.% Na2CO3, 4 wt.% NaOH and
69.5 wt.% H2O. Pure nitrogen is out from top of the column. Calculate:

a) The mass flow rate and composition (wt.%) of NaOH solution.

b) The mass flow rates of input and output gaseous streams.
c) % excess and conversion of NaOH.

28.For the reaction A+2B→R the data for conversion versus rate of reaction of
A are tabulated below:

XA -rA(mol/dm3.s)
0.0 0.033
0.1 0.043
0.2 0.053
0.3 0.063
0.4 0.073
0.5 0.055
0.6 0.035
0.7 0.025
0.8 0.015
0.85 0.01

a) Calculate the volume of the CSTR reactor required to achieve a

conversion of 0.7,given that initial molar feed rate of A is(F A0)
=0.867mol/s)
 b) Calculate the volume of the PFR reactor required to achieve a
conversion of 0.7,given that initial molar feed rate of A is(F A0)
=0.867mol/s)
c) Find the optimum recycle ratio and the size of recycle PFR reactor for
same FA0 and final conversion is 0.7
k1 k2
29.The measure data recorded on a series reaction A → B → C carried out in a
batch reactor shows that the maximum concentration of B, CBmax, which is
50% of the initial concentration of A, CA0, is achieved in a reaction time of
13.8 min. Only A is present in the batch reactor at the time of start-up.
Estimate the values of rate constant k1 and k2.

30.A liquid phase reaction A B + C is carried out in a batch reaction vessel at

a temperature of 150oC. Dissociation of reactant A to products B and C
follows non-elementary rate steps and the rate equation is given by
k1 CA2 kmol
(−rA ) = ( 3 )
1 + k 2 CA m min
The concentration of CA in the reaction vessel is monitored at different time
intervals and these values are reported below

Time, t (min) 0 7.5 16 35 60 85 120 170

CA (kmol/m3) 2 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8

Time, t (min) 240 360

CA (kmol/m3) 0.6 0.4

Estimate the rate constants k1 and k2.