Asphalt

Asphalt, also known as bitumen, is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of
petroleum. It may be found in natural deposits or may be a refined product, and is classed as
a pitch

Prime coat
Road wet.black black spread.and it attached with road through prime coat.it is a liquid which bind black
black(luk) with the surface of road.

A prime coat is an application of a low viscosity asphalt to a granular base in

preparation for an initial layer (or surface course layer) of asphalt. After applying the
prime coat, it must cure for a minimum of 48-72 hours before asphalt is placed, with
no rain in the forecast.

There are four primary purposes for the application of a prime coat on an aggregate
base course;

1-Coat and bond loose material particles on the surface of the base.
2-Harden or toughen the base surface to provide a work platform for construction
equipment.
3-Plug capillary voids in the base course surface to prevent migration of moisture.
4-Provide adhesion between the base course and succeeding asphalt course

A prime coat is mainly responsible for protecting the substrate of a construction project
before adding additional layers

Uses
 It provides temporary waterproofing, but must have additional compound layers
in order for the floor, wall, or ceiling coating to perform long-term waterproofing
duties.
 The asphalt prime coat must completely penetrate the base surface in order to
be effective.
 A prime coat must completely cure before incorporating an additional layer.
  It is vital to be aware of weather conditions when apply an asphalt prime coat. In
the case of wet weather, you should postpone this step to avoid runoff into the
water supply.

Tack coat
What is a Tack Coat?

It is an asphalt emulsion.

A tack coat is a thin bituminous liquid asphalt, emulsion or cutback layer applied
between HMA pavement lifts to promote bonding. Adequate bonding between
construction lifts and especially between the existing road surface and an overlay is
critical in order for the completed pavement structure to behave as a single unit and
provide adequate strength
Tack coat is glue for asphalt layers to promote bonding between old and new asphalt
This tack coat can create a strong adhesive bond between pavement layers without
slippage

What is Tack Coat Made Of?

USES

1)A tack coat is applied after the prime coat, to form an adhesive bond between the tack
coat and the next layer of coating.

2)The tack coat prevents slippage and may sometimes function as a more long-term
sealer to protect the substrate from moisture and bacteria
3)The tack coat is one of the most vital parts of the process, as it connects the
subsequent layers and forms the base of those layers’ strength.

4)It is vital that the prime coat is clean and dry before installing a tack coat.

5)The higher the viscosity of the tack layer, the more shear strength the overall
structure will have.

6)Diluted, slow-set emulsions are the most typical style of applying a tack coat.

summary
With a good prime coat and tack coat, you can prepare your substrate for virtually any type of
application, and be confident that the resulting floor, wall, or ceiling is strong and durable
for years to come.

Admixture
Footpath blocks made from concrete + admixture (any chemical or mixtue of chemical)

Admixture is defined as a material other than cement, aggregate and water used as an
ingredient of concrete, added to the batch immediately before or during mixing, to
modify the properties of ordinary concrete to make it more suitable for required
situation

Admixtures are material used in concrete to modify its properties

USES
1)Admixtures are used to give special properties to fresh or hardened concrete.
2)Admixtures may enhance the durability, workability or strength characteristics of a given
concrete mixture.

Admixtures are generally used in construction

 Accelerators
 Retarders
 Water reducing agent (plastic users)
 Super plastisizer
 Air en training agents
 Water proofing agents
 Gas forming agents
 Grouting admixtures
 Corrosion inhibitors
 Bonding admixtures
 Fungicidal, germicidal, insecticidal admixtures
 Colouring admixtures
 Pumping aids
 Pozzolanic or mineral admixtures

. Some admixtures have been in use for a very long time, such as calcium cloride
to provide a cold-weather setting concrete. Other are more recent and
represent an area of expanding possibilities for increased performance.
 Curing compound
Orange train pillar .it is paint like .which cure the surface .when it srick with surface.

Another axample is labours do washing the bricks of house in morning.so that cement increases its stickness in bricks

Introduction
A curing compound is a liquid substance that is added as a surface coating on
freshly installed concrete
Curing compounds can be white pigmented or clear, and the clear compounds can be
wax-resin or all-resin types. White pigmented compounds reflect more
ultraviolet rays than non-pigmented curing compounds and reflect more heat to
maintain temperature

Uses
. 1)Curing compounds are used to reduce the loss of water or heat in order to create ideal
conditions that are favourable to the concrete formation.
2)Curing compounds are used to help prevent shrinkage cracking by reducing the evaporation
of water from the concrete.
3) A curing compound should be applied as soon as bleed water ceases to collect on the
pavement surface.

4)Curing is used as it essential for the hydration of cement in concrete making. So,
to maintain required moisture content, come precautions are applied.
Concrete curing compound is a compound which helps to prevent the loss of
moisture content from the concrete. So, concrete is properly cured which
results the full development of strength of concrete.
.
A worker applies a liquid curing compound to freshly-poured concrete at a Tindall Corporation
plant.