Seminar Slides On NFPA

Meeting the
Requirements
of NFPA 820:
The Standard for Fire Protection in WW
Treatment and Collection Facilities
Speaker: Paul J. McGuire, P.E.

Standards
Certification
Education & Training
Publishing
Conferences & Exhibits 2016 ISA Water / Wastewater and Automatic Controls Symposium
August 2-4, 2016 – Orlando, Florida, USA
Presenter: Paul McGuire, P.E.
• Senior project engineer for NEORSD for 10 years

• I&C engineer for the District’s three
wastewater plants and collection system.
• 30 years I & C experience in various industries
• BSEET degree from Cleveland State University
• Registered professional engineer - State of Ohio
• Senior member of ISA
• Contact: mcguirep@neorsd.org
2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

Aug 2-4, 2016 – Orlando, Florida, USA 2
NEORSD Overview
• Three activated sludge WWTPs serving 1 million people

in Cleveland and 61 surrounding communities
• Combined average daily treatment – 240 MG
• Collection system with 280 miles of interceptors and
relief sewers, pump stations, CSO storage tunnels, . .
• Stormwater management

Presentation Outline
• NFPA 820 overview

• What are NEC classified areas?
• Where are classified areas located?
• Using NFPA 820 tables
• Fire protection measures
• Alarms and ventilation
• Lessons learned

NFPA 820
• www.nfpa.org
– Available for sale
– Free viewer

NFPA 820 - Overview
• Purpose:
– Provide fire & explosion protection
for life, property, continuation of
operations, and environmental
protection
– Reduce or eliminate the effects of fire
or explosion

NFPA 820 - Overview
• Applies to:
– New construction
– Additions or modifications to existing
facilities
• Owner to perform risk assessment

NFPA 820 - Overview
• Retroactive?
– Does not normally apply to facilities
constructed before effective date of standard
(1995)
– AHJ (Authority Having Jurisdiction)
CAN apply standard retroactively if
unacceptable degree of risk determined
– Retroactive requirements can be modified if
AHJ considers requirements impractical and
“reasonable degree of safety” provided

NFPA 820 - Overview
• Guidance/Requirements Document
– 1990 – Recommended Practice
– 1995 – Became a Standard
– 2016 – Current Edition
• Next edition open for public input

NFPA 820 Contents - Chapters
– Chap. 1– Administration
– Chap. 2 – Referenced Standards
– Chap. 3 – Definitions
– Chap. 4 – Collection Systems
– Chap. 5 – WW - Liquid Stream Treatment
– Chap. 6 – WW - Solids Treatment
– Chap. 7 – Fire/Explosion Prevention/Protection
– Chap. 8 – Materials of Construction
– Chap. 9 – Ventilation
– Chap. 10 – Administrative Controls
NFPA 820 Contents - Annexes
• Annex A – Explanatory Material

• Annex B – Wastewater Treatment Process
Overview
• Annex C – Collection System Materials of
Construction
• Annex D – Chemical/Fuel – Fire & Explosion
Hazards
• Annex E – Informational References
–(NFPA, UL, ISA, 10 States, etc.)

NFPA 820 Contents – Annex A
Classified Areas for

Anaerobic Digester
From NFPA 820, 2016 ed. Figure A.6.2(a)

NFPA 70
Guide to determine NEC classified

(hazardous) areas
What is Class 1, Division 1, Group D?

NFPA 70 - Article 500
• Class
– Class I – Flammable Gases/Vapors
– Class II – Combustible Dusts
– Class III – Ignitable Fibers

• Division*
– Division 1 – Gas/vapor always present or
can exist under normal conditions
– Division 2 – Gas/vapor present under
abnormal conditions only (leak, accident)
• NEC also recognizes international format Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2

for Class I areas. See NEC, Article 505
• Group
– Group A – Acetylene
– Group B – Hydrogen, . . .
– Group C – Ethylene, . . .
– Group D – Methane, Gasoline, . . .
– Group E – Metal Dusts
– Group F – Coal Dust, . . .
– Group G* – Grain, Wood, Fibers, . . .
* Class II, Div 1 or Div 2, Group G for dried sludge dust

NFPA 820
• Wastewater Treatment/Collection Systems

– Most common area classifications
– Class I, Div 1 or Div 2, Group D
– Unclassified
– Less common
– Class II, Div 1 or Div 2, Group G (dried
sludge)

NFPA 820
Collection System Locations (Partial List)
• Sanitary Sewer (NNV) – Div. 1

• Combined Sewer (NNV) – Div. 1
• Storm Sewer (NNV) – Div. 2
• WW Pump Station Wet Well
– < 12 air changes – Div. 1
– 12 air changes – Div. 2
Aug 2-4, 2016 – Orlando, Florida, USA NNV – Not normally ventilated 18
NFPA 820
Liquid Stream Treatment
• CLASSIFIED
– HEADWORKS (BAR SCREENS)
– GRIT REMOVAL
– (PRE-AERATION)
– PRIMARY SETTLING
– ODOR CONTROL
Primary Settling Tank

NFPA 820
Liquid Stream Treatment
• UNCLASSIFIED
– AERATION TANKS/TRICKLING FILTERS
– SECONDARY & FINAL SETTLING TANKS
– (FILTRATION)
– DISINFECTION
– PLANT EFFLUENT
Trickling Filter

NFPA 820
Solids Treatment
• CLASSIFIED
– SLUDGE HANDLING
– SLUDGE THICKENING
– SLUDGE CAKE STORAGE (< 6 a.c.*)
– SLUDGE CAKE CONVEYANCE (< 6 a.c.)
– (DIGESTERS)
– SKIMMINGS (SCUM)
– ODOR CONTROL SYSTEMS
*a.c. – air changes
NFPA 820
Solids Treatment
• UNCLASSIFIED
– SLUDGE DEWATERING (CENTRIFUGE)
– SLUDGE CAKE STORAGE (> 6 a.c.)
– SLUDGE CAKE CONVEYANCE (> 6 a.c.)
– SLUDGE CAKE INCINERATION
– SKIMMINGS INCINERATION
Centrifuge

NFPA 820
Why area classifications?

– Type of equipment protection
(e.g., explosion proof)
– Installation methods
(e.g., conduit seals)
– Should result in safe
working environment and
equipment protection
NEC Area Classifications
• Recommendations
– Produce a set of classified area drawings
for your WW plants and collection facilities
– Plans & elevations
– Shading and cross hatching
– Don’t use color as a differentiator of areas
– Can be used for current and future projects
– Can see where classified areas may overlap
– Preferred over notes on drawings

Sample Classified Area Plan
• Recommendation
– Produce a set of classified area drawings for
your WW plants and collection facilities
– Site plans
– Elevations
– Shading and cross hatching
– Can be used for current and future projects
– Preferred over notes on drawings

Cross-hatched area is Class 1, Div. 2
• What would you rather see?

– For a Primary Sedimentation Tank (Not
Enclosed) –
– “Interior of the tank from the minimum
operating water surface to the top of the
tank wall; envelope 0.46m (18 in.) above the
top of the tank and extending 0.46 m (18 in.)
beyond the exterior wall; envelope 0.46 m
(18 in.) above grade extending 3 m (10 ft.)
horizontally from the exterior tank walls”
OR
From NFPA 820, 2016 ed. Figure A.5.2
Primary Sedimentation Tank (Not Enclosed)

• Lessons learned
– Don’t assume area classifications are correct
– Check for rated area extending beyond tank or
structure
– Check that ventilation supply air is from an
unclassified area
– Don’t assume ventilation rates are sufficient
– Don’t assume ratings of electrical equip. are
correct (enclosures, exhaust fans, HVAC)

NFPA 820
Table 5.2.2
Liquid Stream
Treatment
(6 pages total)

NFPA 820
Table 5.2.2 – Liquid Treatment
Location
VENTILATION KEY: MATERIALS KEY: FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES KEY:

A - < 12 a.c. (air changes) NC - Noncombustible FE - Portable fire extinguisher
B - 12 a.c. LC - Limited-combustible CGD - Comb. Gas Detection System
2016 ISA WWAC Symposium LFS - Low flame spread H - Hydrant
NFPA 820
Is space enclosed or not?

A - < 12 a.c. NC - Noncombustible FE - Portable fire extinguisher
NFPA 820
For new facility design

NFPA 820
For existing facility

NFPA 820

Combustible Gas Detectors (CGD)
• Selection & placement by “qualified person”

• CGDs shall be provided with a backup power supply
• CGD required for fire protection shall be set to alarm
at 10% LEL
– Alarm level may be set higher if allowed by AHJ (Authority
Having Jurisdiction) and if lower setting would create
nuisance alarms
– Typical setpoints
– 20% LEL – Warning
– 40% LEL – Alarm

Combustible Gas Detector Installation
• Don’t count on mounting location advice from manuf.
• Lighter than air & heavier than air gases rule of thumb
– Careful what you wish for on lighter than air gases
– May end up with detector mounted where it can’t be maintained
– Use remote kit – sensor at high elevation, transmitter at eye level
• Heavier than air gases
– Watch out for flooding
– Recommend IR type combustible detector
• Recommend using smoke test
• Mount near source of combustible (e.g., natural gas
line)
• NFPA 820 is a fire protection standard so it does not
address or require toxic gas detectors (CO, H2S, low O2)
Alarm & Ventilation Requirements
(Chapters 7 & 9)
• Positive confirmation of air flow with flow monitor
(e.g. flow switch) when ventilation is used to reduce
area classification
– Run contact from blower motor won’t suffice
• Both supply and exhaust fans required
(with monitoring for both)
• Continuous ventilation required
when reducing area classification
• Ventilation system shall have means to accept power
from alternate source (e.g., portable generator)
• Alarm failure of primary source of ventilation power

Alarm & Ventilation Requirements
(Chapters 7 & 9)
• Visual & audible alarms for CGD & ventilation failure
– Within spaces
– Entrances to spaces (Remote location exception)
– Don’t forget warning signs
• Air changes based on 100% outside supply air
– Partial recirculation allowed when certain criteria met
• Lower air rates allowed (>= 50%) when five criteria
are met.
– Fifth criteria new to 2016 ed. (ventilation d/p)
• Air recirculation (up to 75%) allowed when certain
criteria met

Summary
Why follow NFPA 820?
Photo source: Cleveland State University, Michael Schwartz Library, 1953

Thank You
Questions?
Paul McGuire, P.E.

mcguirep@neorsd.org
216-881-6600


Seminar Slides On NFPA

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Meeting the

Speaker: Paul J. McGuire, P.E.

• Senior project engineer for NEORSD for 10 years

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

• Three activated sludge WWTPs serving 1 million people

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

• NFPA 820 overview

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

• Annex A – Explanatory Material

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

Classified Areas for

From NFPA 820, 2016 ed. Figure A.6.2(a)

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

Guide to determine NEC classified

What is Class 1, Division 1, Group D?

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

• NEC also recognizes international format Zone 0, Zone 1, Zone 2

* Class II, Div 1 or Div 2, Group G for dried sludge dust

• Wastewater Treatment/Collection Systems

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

• Sanitary Sewer (NNV) – Div. 1

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

Why area classifications?

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

– Preferred over notes on drawings

• What would you rather see?

From NFPA 820, 2016 ed. Figure A.5.2

Primary Sedimentation Tank (Not Enclosed)

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

VENTILATION KEY: MATERIALS KEY: FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES KEY:

Is space enclosed or not?

VENTILATION KEY: MATERIALS KEY: FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES KEY:

For new facility design

VENTILATION KEY: MATERIALS KEY: FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES KEY:

For existing facility

VENTILATION KEY: MATERIALS KEY: FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES KEY:

VENTILATION KEY: MATERIALS KEY: FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES KEY:

• Selection & placement by “qualified person”

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

Why follow NFPA 820?

Photo source: Cleveland State University, Michael Schwartz Library, 1953

Paul McGuire, P.E.

2016 ISA WWAC Symposium

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