St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.

Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

“The only thing you can do in this life is pursue your passions,

celebrate your success and never stop following your fear. You can start that

in education” (Nexus Domination). Deciding where to apply for college is, for

most people, a very difficult process. With so many schools and so many

different possibilities, it seems impossible to pinpoint a “dream school”.

Towards the end of high school when it came time to start thinking about

colleges we are interested in applying to. In the Philippines, State universities

and colleges refers to any public institutions of higher learning that was created

by an Act passed by the congress of the Philippines. These institutions are fully

subsidized by the national government and may be considered as a corporate

body hence this type of school. Private university on the other hand is an

independent school that sets its own polices and goals and is privately funded.

As a senior high school student, most of us think that attending college

was the first step in an amazing, fulfilling and exciting life. The college

admission process can be a terrifying thing that’s why we seek guidance from

others especially friends and parents. Some students already have a

professional goal in mind when they start college. They’re clear on their major

and career path and have a good idea of what they need to do to reach that

goal. They prefer universities that would fit to their desired course or program.

The results of subsequent studies stated that the study program offered,

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

qualified lecturers, flexible lecture schedules, student and staff relations, and

campus environment influenced the choice of prospective students to continue

their education degree, besides this study also found students' dissatisfaction

with weak policies, study programs offered in each semester.

Hence, the investigators have an unyielding belief that it is essential to

know the student preference in choosing between public and private university

among senior high school students as a means to propose ways to have a

better insight regarding what the student thinks about college.

This study has the main purpose of comparing the student preference in

choosing between state and private university among senior high school

students of SJCNI.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to compare “The Student’s Preference in Choosing

between State and Private University Among Senior High School

Students of SJCNI S.Y 2019-2020”

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. How are the students described in terms of:

1.1 Age

1.2 Gender

1.3 Grade Level

2. Where did the respondent spent their junior high school?

3. What are the factors that made the respondent choose between state

and private university?

4. How do the factors affect the student’s school preference? How may the
findings be utilized?

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

ASSUMPTIONS

The researchers conclude an educated guess on the outcome of this

study:

1. The data are valid and reliable.

2. There are differences in terms of age, gender, grade level and the school

their attended on junior high.

3. There are factors that affect the preference of senior high school

students in choosing their college university.

4. The factors can affect the student’s preference in choosing their college

university.

5. The findings may be utilized by providing knowledge to the senior high

school students on how to choose their future university.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study focuses on the Comparison of the Student’s Preference in

Choosing Between State and Private University Among Senior High School

Students of SJCNI S.Y 2019-2020. The researchers only conducted a survey in

order to attain its objectives. This study is limited only to 60 senior high school

students of SJCNI.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is vital in a way that the researchers would be able to

compare the student’s preference in choosing between public or private

university. Primarily, essential results could be highly advantageous to the

following:

Parents, as it will provide them knowledge on how their perspective

may affect their child’s preferences. They serve as a major influence in their

children’s career development and career decision- making. Ultimately,

allowing them to pursue their passion would most likely give them the best

chances of achieving the successful life all parents want for their children

anyway.

Students, for them to know that choosing a university and picking a

college course is one of the biggest and most challenging decisions they will

ever make.

Teachers, for they a role to play in shaping students future. Being a

good teacher bring that much awaited positive change in the life of your

student. Guide them well, show them the right path, and support them in

situations they need a mentor.

School Administration, for they strongly influenced school

environmental conditions affecting such growth. Any improvement in the

facilities may affect the student’s decision making in choosing between state

and private university.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

Future Researchers, for them to have reference for their future study

and to enhance what the present researchers have started.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

To further understand the study, the researchers elucidated the

following terms in both contextual and operational manner.

Academic Progress – it is the measure of an individual’s academic

advancement when it comes to his commitment at school.

College School Decision-Making – refers to the critical state in

which young individuals decide in what type of university they

should go.

Conductive Learning – refers as a process that entails staging the

physical space, getting the students to cooperate, creating a

communal environment, and finally maintaining a positive

classroom climate and culture.

Financial Stability – the capacity of which each household has a

monetary balance to pay their tuition fee.

Parent’s Responsibilities – refers to the contractual obligation of the

parents to their offspring.

Peer Suggestions – refers to the influence of each in what particular

school they would want to go.

Quality Education – enable the students to develop all of their

attributes and skills to achieve their potential as human beings

and members of society.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the summary of related literature and studies both local

and foreign sources. These are presented to conceptually strengthen the

framework of the studies.

Literataure deals with the articles written by local and foreign authors,

these reading are taken from journals, books, articles and others.

LOCAL

According to the article published by Jaz Molanda (2017), “People say

that going to college, especially to a private university, is quite expensive. It

can be if you choose the wrong one. So as students, you should have a wide

range of choices so you are not going to stuck with just one and make a

decision you’ll regret.” Molanda said that the university expenses should also

be considered as factor to choose a university.

FOREIGN

According to Heath, W. C. (1993). Although status is important in

student's choice of college, students do not always choose most prestigious

school they can attend. Student concerns for both local and global status shape

college choices. Students with similar abilities but different preferences choose

different institutions. Implications for college choice, retention, academic

competition, and students' attitudes about academic standards are developed

in diagrammatic exposition.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

STUDIES deal with inquiries or investigations already conducted. They are

usually unpublished materials such as manuscripts, thesis, and

dissertations.

LOCAL

According to Christine Joy Tan, 2009 This study found that all of the major

U.S. college choice factors were important, to some degree, in the Philippine

context. Other factors were added based on pilot studies. This study also found

that some of the U.S.-literature-generated demographic choice attributes

functioned similarly in the Philippine setting (e.g. academic ability, gender),

while others did not (e.g. educational level of fathers and of mothers).

Moreover, students’ academic ability was the primary demographic attribute,

accounting for statistically significant differences in assessment of the

importance of college choice factors for most (12 out of 13) of the factors. The

major U.S. college choice factors appear to be important to Philippine private

high school students. Two choice attributes (academic ability, gender) appear

to apply to private high school students in the Philippines, while the attributes

of father's and mother's education levels do not appear to apply. Among

Philippine private high school students, academic ability may account for

differences in assessment of the importance of college choice factors.

FOREIGN

According to Ryan et al. (2014), other research results suggest that

some factors that influence prospective students choose colleges are because

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

of parents and friends suggestions, job opportunities, well-structured

programs, quality of teaching, socialization, and flexibility in requirements.

According to Fosu&Poku (2014), the results of subsequent studies

stated that the study program offered, qualified lecturers, flexible lecture

schedules, student and staff relations, and campus environment influenced the

choice of prospective students to continue their education degree, besides this

study also found students' dissatisfaction with weak policies, study programs

offered in each semester.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The following figure shows the order or flow of the study using the

CONCEPT-INPUT-PROCESS-PRODUCT (CIPP) Model.

CONTEXT
“The Comparison on the Student’s
Preference in Choosing Between State and
Public University Among SHS in SJCNI”

INPUT PROCESS

 Data Gathering
1. How are the students
through:
described in terms of:
1.1 Age 1. Questionnaires
1.2 Gender
Collecting Data

1.3 Grade Level
2 . Where did the
respondent spent their  Analyzing and
junior high school? Interpreting
3.
3 What are the factors Data
that made the respondent
choose between state and
private university?
4 . How do the factors
affect the student’s school
preference?
5 . How may the findings
be utilized?

PRODUCT

Providing knowledge to the

senior high school students on
how to choose their future
university.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

Box I: The CONTEXT frame it indicates the title and the problem of the whole

study.

Box II: The INPUT frame manifests the variables contributory to the student

preference in choosing state and public university and the data that needs to

be gathered in order to continue the research properly.

Box III: The PROCESS frame listed the methods that the researchers

employed to come up with meaningful outcomes. Moreover, it shows the

design utilized by the team in pursuing the study and the instrument used in

gathering data.

Box IV: The PRODUCT frame presents the outcome of the study itself.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

CHAPTER III

METHODS OF RESEARCH

This chapter presents the method used in conducting the study. This

chapter will also unravel the strategies of inquiry, the respondents of the study,

instrumentation, the data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of

data.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The researchers used the comparative research design in the study. It

is essentially compares two groups in an attempt to draw a conclusion about

them. This is the most suitable type of research in conducting this study to

determine the measurable data that will be gathered by the researchers

through the survey questionnaires.

The researchers used this type of research to compare the student’s

preference in choosing between state and private university as their future

college school.

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The sample was chosen from the Senior High School of St. Joseph

College of Novaliches Inc. The Grade 11 and 12 students are in sections and

classified according to their strand. Basically, there are 3 sections each grade

level and the respondents per each section were 20 students. To sum it up,

there are 120 respondents in this study.

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The researcher will employ the Stratified Sampling technique and

Random Sampling technique in selecting the respondents, which each member

of the population has an equal and known chance of being selected.

INSTRUMENTATION

In gathering the necessary data, the researchers have utilized the data

gathering instruments listed below:

Questionnaires – comprises questions that are needed to determine

the respondents’ demographic profile and efficient data

CONSTRUCTION OF THE INSTRUMENTS

Prior to any survey activity, the researchers checked the availability of

the students. On the day of the initial survey, the researchers went to the

classroom of the respondents and administered the questionnaires during a

non-academic time at school. The researchers did not require the teachers to

leave the classroom. Since the researchers used the simple random sampling

method, they randomly pick the students by drawing from a fish bowl with

papers in it. They only pick 10 students per section to answer the

questionnaire.

The researchers distributed the questionnaires to 10 of the students

which contained a brief demographic profile (name, gender, age and section).

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

The researchers explained the purpose of the study as well as the content of

the questionnaire and the assessment test.

They also told the respondents that they are allowed to ask questions if

there are any parts of the questionnaire that they don’t understand. Once

everything has been clarified, they were instructed to complete the materials

and to answer the questions. The researchers reminded the respondents that

the data that will be gathered will be confidential. The same procedure will be

done with the subject teachers.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The statistical methods used in this study were as follows:

The following statistical tools and techniques were utilized in this study:

1. Percentage and Frequency

In which:

P=percentage

f = frequency

n = number

of respondents

100 = constant

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 St. Joseph College of Novaliches, Inc.
Rainbow Village 5, Congressional Ave., Novaliches Caloocan City

2. The ANOVA Table

Source Sum of Mean of

of Square Square
Variation

Between

Within

Total

In which:

N= Sample size

K= Number of columns

A= First category

B= Second Category

n= number of rows

df= degree of freedom

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