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Energy
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Procedia154 (2018) 000–000
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Applied Energy Symposium and Forum, Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage, CCUS 2018,
Applied Energy Symposium and Forum,
27–29 JuneCarbon Capture,
2018, Perth, Utilization and Storage, CCUS 2018,
Australia
27–29 June 2018, Perth, Australia
CO2 absorber coupled
The 15th withSymposium
International double on
pump CO
District capture
Heating technology
and Cooling
CO2 absorber coupled with double pump CO22 capture technology
for coal-fired flue gas
Assessing the feasibility of using
for coal-fired fluethegas
heat demand-outdoor
a a a
temperature function for
Lu Shijian a a long-term
, Zhao Dongyaa, district heat
Zhu Quanmin
Lu Shijian , Zhao Dongya , Zhu Quanmina
demand forecast
a
China University of Petroleum(East China), No. 66 , West Changjiang Road , Huangdao District , Qingdao , 266580, China ,
a,b,c a a b c c
a
I. Andrić *, A. Pina , P. Ferrão , J. Fournier ., B. Lacarrière , O. Le Corre
China University of Petroleum(East China), No. 66 , West Changjiang Road , Huangdao District , Qingdao , 266580, China ,

a
AbstractIN+ Center for Innovation, Technology and Policy Research - Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
b
Abstract Veolia Recherche & Innovation, 291 Avenue Dreyfous Daniel, 78520 Limay, France
c
Département
Amine absorption method which Systèmes Énergétiques
is used foretremoving
Environnement
CO2 from - IMTcoal-fired
Atlantique,power
4 rue Alfred
plant Kastler,
flue gas44300 Nantes,
has the high France
energy
Amine absorption
consumption method rate,
and degradation which is used
strong for removing
corrosion. COof2 from
In view thesecoal-fired
defects and power plant
flue gas flue gas
having lowhasCOthe
2 high energy
partial pressure, a new
consumption
organic amineand degradation
absorbent whose rate, strong absorption
saturated corrosion. In view ofcan
capacity these defects
reach and flue CO2
to 47.447.4L gas/Lhaving
amine low
has CO
been partial
developed.
2 pressure, a new
Compared
organic
with MEA amine absorbent
solution, whose saturated
its saturated absorption absorption
capacity capacity
has beencan reach to
increased by47.447.4L
29.1%, and CO2 /Lamine
the has been rate
regeneration developed.
increased Compared
by more
Abstract
with 80%.
than MEA Thesolution, its saturated
CO2 capture absorption
process flow hascapacity has beenand
been analyzed, increased by 29.1%,
‘absorption and the
heat pump +MVRregeneration
heat pump’ratedouble
increased heatby more
pump
than 80%.
coupled lowThe CO2 capture
energy process
consumption COflow has been
2 capture analyzed,
system has beenanddeveloped.
‘absorption heat pump
Compared +MVR
with heat pump’
traditional MEA double
technology,heat pump
this
District heating networks are commonly addressed in the literature as one of the most effective solutions for decreasing the
coupled
system can lowsave
energy consumption
38.32% energy, andCOitscapture systemrate
water saving has can
beenreach
developed.
to 63%.Compared with traditional MEA technology, this
greenhouse gas emissions from the 2building sector. These systems require high investments which are returned through the heat
system can©save
Copyright 2018 38.32%
Elsevierenergy, andrights
Ltd. All its water saving rate can reach to 63%.
reserved.
©sales.
2018 Due
The to the changed climate conditions and building renovation policies, heat demand in the future could decrease,
Copyright
Selection ©Authors.
and 2018 Published
Elsevier
peer-review Ltd. by
under AllElsevier Ltd.of the
rights reserved.
responsibility scientific committee of the Applied Energy Symposium and Forum, Carbon
This is an open
prolonging the access article
investment under
return the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
period.
Selection and peer-review
Capture, Utilization under responsibility
and Storage, CCUS 2018. of the scientific committee of the Applied Energy Symposium and Forum, Carbon
Selection
The mainand scopepeer-review under
of this paper is responsibility of the scientific
to assess the feasibility of usingcommittee of the Applied
the heat demand – outdoorEnergy Symposium
temperature and Forum,
function for heatCarbon
demand
Capture, Utilization
Capture, Utilization andand Storage,
Storage, CCUS
CCUS 2018.2018.
forecast. The district of Alvalade, located in Lisbon (Portugal), was used as a case study. The district is consisted of 665
Keywords:Type your keywords here, separated by semicolons ; coal-fired power plant;CO2 capture;absorbent;double pump;regeneration energy
buildings that vary in both construction period and typology. Three weather scenarios (low, medium, high) and three district
Keywords:Type your keywords here, separated by semicolons ; coal-fired power plant;CO2 capture;absorbent;double pump;regeneration energy
renovation scenarios were developed (shallow, intermediate, deep). To estimate the error, obtained heat demand values were
compared with results from a dynamic heat demand model, previously developed and validated by the authors.
1. Introduction
The results showed that when only weather change is considered, the margin of error could be acceptable for some applications
1. Introduction
(the error in annual demand was lower than 20% for all weather scenarios considered). However, after introducing renovation
In recent
scenarios, theyears, the greenhouse
error value up effect
increased [1-3] to 59.5% has(depending
become more on the andweathermoreandserious;
renovation CO2 emission
andscenarios combination reduction has
considered).
In
become recent
a hot years,
issue the
in greenhouse
the world
The value of slope coefficient increased . on average within the range2 of 3.8% up to 8% per decade, that corresponds tohas
effect
There hasare become
three more
major COand more
emission serious;
reductionand CO emission
pathways:
2 to reduction
improve energy the
[1-3]
become
efficiency, a hot issue in the world
decrease in the number of heating hours ofand
to develop alternative energy . There are three
to apply
22-139h CO
during major CO2 emission
2 capture
the heating and reductionthat
sequestration
season (depending onpathways:
is CCS
the to improve
(Capture
combination energy
Carbon
of weather &
and
efficiency,
Storage)
renovation to developconsidered).
technology.
scenarios alternative
CCS Onenergy
technology, the as and toofapply
onehand,
other majorCO
function capturereduction
emission
2 intercept and sequestration
increased technologies,that is
for 7.8-12.7% has
perCCS
the (Capture
decade potential Carbon on &
to reduce
(depending the
Storage)
the overall
coupled technology.
scenarios). TheCCS
cost of emission technology,
values suggestedas
reduction and one
could of used
increase
be major to emission
the flexibility
modify reduction
the technologies,
of greenhouse
function parametersgas for has
the the
emissions, potential
[4-5]
scenarios . Among to reduce
many
considered, and
[4-5]
the 2overall
improve
CO thecost
emission of emission
accuracy
sources, reduction
of coal-fired
heat demand and
estimations.
power increase
plants the flexibility
emissions of greenhouse
are the largest, while theygas areemissions,
more centralized . Among many
and fixed,
CO2itemission
and becomessources,
the maincoal-fired powerlarge-scale
field applying plants emissions are the largest,
CCS technology [6-7]
. while they are more centralized and fixed,
© 2017 The Authors.
andAtit becomes Published
the main field
present, coal-fired powerby Elsevier
applying Ltd.
plant large-scale
CO2 capture CCS technology
main
[6-7]
method is . the chemical absorption. Amine absorption
Peer-review under
At present, responsibility
coal-fired power of the
plantScientific Committee
CO2 capture of The 15th International Symposium on District Heating and
process which has advantages of fast reaction rate andmain
strongmethod is the
absorptive chemical
capacity absorption.
is widely Amine
used and absorption
it is considered
Cooling.
process which
to be the mosthas advantagesvalue
commercial of fastofreaction
flue gasrate
COand strong absorptive
2 separation technology capacity
[8] is widelyamine
. However, used and it is considered
method has some
[8]
toKeywords:
be the Heat
mostdemand;
commercial value of flue
Forecast; Climate change
gas CO 2 separation technology . However, amine method has some
1876-6102 Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection
1876-6102and peer-review
Copyright under
© 2018 responsibility
Elsevier Ltd. All of the scientific
rights reserved. committee of the Applied Energy Symposiumand Forum, Carbon Capture,
Utilization andpeer-review
Selection and Storage, CCUS
under2018.
responsibility of the scientific committee of the Applied Energy Symposiumand Forum, Carbon Capture,
Utilization and Storage, CCUS 2018.
1876-6102 © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
1876-6102 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of The 15th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the Applied Energy Symposium and Forum, Carbon
Capture, Utilization and Storage, CCUS 2018.
10.1016/j.egypro.2018.11.027
164 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170
2 Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

technical problems such as high energy consumption, high degradation loss, and serious corrosion of equipment and
so on. This is because absorbent aqueous solution regeneration process need to overcome a lot of water vaporization
latent heat, and amine has serious oxidative degradation in trapping processes due to the high temperature and a
small amount of oxygen, generating many by-products such as amino acetic acid, glycosylic acid and oxalic acid.
These side effects cause large amount amine loss, and by-products aggravate equipment corrosion, and corrosion
products promote further amine degradation, thus creating a vicious cycle, affecting the normal production.
Based on this, from two aspects of the absorbent and low energy capture process, this paper developed a new low
energy consumption of coal-fired flue gas CO2 capture technology and conducted on-site test.

2. Study of high efficiency and low energy consumption flue gas CO2 capture and purification technology

2.1. Experimental procedure and experimental device

Fig.1. CO2 capture process of coal fired flue gas

This paper study the coal-fired flue gas CO2 capture continuum simulation test device, gas processing scale
300Nm3/d, the device uses stainless steel frame structure, divided into burning coal stove, washing pre-processing
part and a collecting part, including the equipment such as coal fired boiler, induced draft fan, washing tower,
absorption tower and desorption tower, a flash tower, heater, lean and rich liquid heat exchanger, lean liquid cooler
etc..The work pressure of the device is 0.1-1.6MPa, and this device mainly works on the related fields such as the
screening of the absorbent, the optimization of the process parameters, the energy consumption analysis, the energy
saving technology development and the corrosion performance testing.

2.1.1. Absorption performance evaluation

Table 1. Comparison of absorption capacity

Saturated absorption capacity

Absorbent （L CO2/L solvent） Increase ratio /%

MEA 36.7 0

Formula solvent 1# 44.5 +20.7

Formula solvent 2# 37.0 +0.8

Formula solvent 3# 34.4 -6.3

 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170 165
Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 3

Formula solvent 4# 36.2 -1.4

Formula solvent 5# 47.4 +29.1

Formula solvent 6# 33.4 -9.0

Formula solvent 7# 53.2 +44.9

Formula solvent 8# 39.2 +6.8

Formula solvent 9# 48.5 +32.1

Formula solvent 10# 38.8 +5.7

Through the analysis, design and optimization of molecular structure, 10 kinds of solvents were selected. The
time variation curves of CO2 saturated absorption capacity of MEA and formula solvent solution 1#~10# are shown
in table 2.2-1. Data from table 2.2-1 shows that the CO2 saturated absorption capacity of 1#, 5#, 7#, 9# solvent is
significantly higher than that of MEA, and the saturated absorption capacity of 2#, 4#, 8# and 10# solvent is close to
MEA, and the saturated absorption capacity of 3# and 6# solvent is lower than that of MEA solution.
The time variation curves of CO2 absorption capacity with various solvents are shown in figure 2.2-1. As can be
seen from the diagram, 1#, 2#, 4#, 5# solvent absorption rate is higher than that of MEA, and 6#, 7#, 8#, 9# solvent
absorption rate is slightly lower than that of MEA solution, 3#, 10# solvent absorption rate are the lowest.
Absorption capacity (LC02/Lsolvent)

Absorption time (min)

Fig.2. The time variation curves of CO2 absorption capacity

2.1.2. Desorption performance evaluation

The time variation curves of the content of CO2 in amine solution and regeneration rate are shown in the
following figures.
166 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170
4 Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

CO2 concentration (Lco2/Lsolvent)

Regeneration time (min)

Fig.3. The time variation curves of the content of CO2 in amine solution
Regeneration rate(%)

Regeneration time (min)

Fig.4. The time variation curves of regeneration rate

As can be seen from figure 3 and 4, except 7# solvent, the regeneration rate of other kinds of solvents are higher
than MEA solution, and compared with MEA, the regeneration rate of 3#, 5# solvent increased by more than 80%.
Compared to MEA, considering the absorption and desorption performance, the absorption capacity of 5# solvent
increased by 29.1%, and the regeneration rate increased by 80%, so 5# solvent was selected for the best new CO2
absorbent.

2.1.3. Corrosion and degradation performance evaluation

Adding inhibitors and antioxidants into 5# solvent, the formation of serotonin is called MA absorbent. Corrosion
rate and degradation rate were studied respectively:
Table 2. Comparison of corrosion rate

absorbent corrosion rate mm/a declining proportion /%

3mol/L MEA 1.54 0

3mol/L MA 0.030 98
 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170 167
Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 5

Table 3. Comparison of degradation rate

Absorbent degradation rate % declining proportion /%

3mol/L MEA 3.08 0

3mol/L MA 0.22 92.8%

1.80
1.60
corrosion rate(mm/a)

1.40 MEA MA
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
Amine solution
胺溶液
Fig.5. Corrosion rate test results of amine and CO2

3.50

3.00
Degradation rate

MEA MA
2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
Amine solution
胺溶液

Fig.6. Experimental results of oxidative degradation of amine and CO2

Data from figure5 and 6 shows that MA absorbent which is 5# absorbent combined with composite
corrosion inhibitor and antioxidant corrosion rate decrease by more than 98%, degradation rate decrease
by more than 92%, compared with MEA.

2.3. Development of low energy consumption CO2 capture technology with double heat pump

As far as the coal-fired power plant flue gas CO2 capture technology is concerned, the energy consumption is
composed of three parts: power consumption, water consumption and steam consumption, and steam consumption
accounted for more than 70% of the total energy consumption. Because power consumption and water consumption
are basically fixed during the stable operation of the device, so the heat consumption of steam is mainly considered.
(1) The analysis of thermal energy consumption of conventional process and the principle of energy saving
Taking the conventional MEA absorption process as an example, the reaction principle of CO2 capture in coal-
fired power plant is discussed, as shown in fig.7.
168 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170
6 Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

As can be seen from the figure, CO2 desorption reaction heat accounts for only 48.5% of the total heat
regeneration, and the process of heat accounts for 51.5%, of which 94% of the heat is taken away by circulating
water. Therefore, the goal of energy saving of the process is that: the heat energy of the absorbing unit and the heat
energy of rich liquid are used to replace the steam heat energy which is consumed by the desorption unit, and to
reduce the energy which is taken away by circulating water.
5
3.96252

2
Desorption Rich liquid CO2 heating Steam carrying
1 heat heat heat heat

0
Steam supply
heat
-1 -0.22
-0.05852

-2
-1.92 -1.764

-3

Fig.7. Energy analysis for desorption unit

In order to reduce circulating water, the flash steam waste heat recovery process and heat pump type waste heat
recovery process were developed, and the process flow chart is shown in fig.9. Flash steam waste heat recovery
process is learned from the MVR technology, using steam compressor to recycle lean amine liquid flash steam waste
heat for rich amine liquid CO2 desorption, which aims to reduce the regeneration energy consumption.
Heat pump type waste heat recovery process apply Steam type first kind absorption heat pump. Lean amine
liquid waste heat is recovered by the heat pump evaporator and rich amine liquid is heated by absorber then sent into
regeneration tower. Heat pump units’ generator produces refrigerant vapor into the solution boiling device (i.e. heat
pump condenser) to release heat for providing the necessary heat of CO2 desorption.
Because the two processes reduce the heat loss through the recovery of the lean amine liquid, so the two
processes need to be optimized to achieve energy saving.

Fig.8. ASPEN PLUS process modeling of double heat pump coupling process
 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170 169
Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000 7

Generator
Absorption heat pump

Drive steam

Steam generator CO2 to Compressor

WS

Condenser

Absorber
Lean
liquid
Absorption tower cooler Regeneration tower
WR

MVR system

Lean liquid pump steam

Flue gas Compressor

Liquid heat
Booster exchanger
Rich liquid pump
Reboiler Condensation
Flush tank water

Fig.9. Double heat pump coupled low energy consumption CO2 capture process flow
Taking the 100 t/d CO2 capture project of Sheng-li power plant as a case, the ASPEN-PLUS software is used to
calculate the double heat pump process.
Table 4. Double heat pump coupling simulation system process data
flash pressure Flash steam /（t/h Heat pump lean
Flash Heat pump fluid outlet
/KPa ） liquid outlet
temperature /℃ temperature /℃
temperature /℃
100 100 0.91 96.12 52.16
70 90 2.63 88.6 49.04
50 80 4.18 79.11 45.93
35 70 5.13 69.37 42.69
The table shows that, with the decrease of flash pressure, the flash steam volume is increasing fast, but the flash
temperature is declining, and steam quality is declining; flash pressure is reducing, meanwhile the heat pump rich
liquid outlet temperature is decreasing, and the energy-saving effect of heat pump continues to drop. If the flash
pressure is too low the lean solution pressure will continued to decrease after heat exchanger, which may lead to the
back-end process of lean solution pump cavitation, which need to avoid.
Table 5.Heat energy data of double heat pump coupling simulation system

steam
flash pressure heat of flash heat of heat pump cooling water
compressor load
/KPa recovery /KW recovery /KW quantity /(t/h）
/KW
100 10.21 435 960 98
70 90.57 1030 710 74
50 240.17 1260 385 48
35 417.58 1450 260 23
After simulation calculation and analysis, data from table 5 shows, with decrease of flash steam pressure, steam
compressor load increases unceasingly and the heat of heat pump recovery continues to lower, which is unfavorable
factor. However, cooling water quantity is declining, and heat of flash recovery is increasing, which is favorable
factor. To make the sum of heat of flash recovery and heat of heat pump recovery as a variable, after comprehensive
comparative analysis it can be get that under the condition of flash pressure 70Kpa, flash temperature of 90 degrees
Celsius, the sum of heat of flash recovery and heat of heat pump recovery reaches a maximum 1740KW which is the
most optimized.
170 Lu Shijian et al. / Energy Procedia 154 (2018) 163–170
8 Author name / Energy Procedia 00 (2018) 000–000

Table 6. Heat energy data of double heat pump coupling simulation system

Trapping Recovery Re-boiler Cooling water Energy Water saving

Items rate（% heat（KW load（KW quantity /(t/h） saving ratio ratio (%)
） ） ） （%）
100 tons / day
conventional
80.51 - 4541 200 0 0
CO2 capture
process
100 tons / day
double heat
pump coupling 80.99 1740 2801 74 38.32 63
CO2 capture
process

As showed in the table 6, under the condition of flash steam waste heat recovery process and heat pump type
waste heat recovery process with the most optimized coupling, the boiler load is reduced from 4541KW of the
conventional process to 2801KW, with energy-saving 6.246GJ per hour and energy-saving ratio 38.3%. Besides,
The cooling water demand is reduced from 200t/h to 74t/h, and the water saving ratio reaches 63%.

3. Conclusions and Prospect

(1) A new amine absorbent was developed, and its saturated absorption reached 47.4L CO2/L solution. Compared
with MEA (an ethanol amine) solution, the regeneration rate was increased by 29.1%, and the regeneration rate was
higher than that of MEA by more than 80%.
(2)A new low energy consumption CO2 capture process with "absorption heat pump +MVR heat pump" coupled
double heat pump was developed. The system energy consumption is 38.32% lower than that of the conventional
MEA process, and the water saving rate is 63%.
(3)In order to reduce the capture energy consumption and cost, achieve emission reduction, and improve resource
utilization of the economic benefits, we can rely on the subject to carry out further research from heat exchange
network of system, new type high efficiency reactor, and power plant systems coupling optimization etc. in the
future.

References

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[2]Zhou H.H., Ai Y.. Carbon dioxide emission reduction and sustainable development [J]. Hangzhou Chemical Industry, 2005,32(2):15-18.
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