EAL Art. 1 This Act shall be known as the Civil Code of the Philippines.

EAL Art. 2 Laws shall take effect after fifteen days following the completion of their publication
either in the Official Gazette or in a newspaper of general publication in the Philippines
unless it is otherwise provided. This code shall take effect one year after its publication.
(As amended by EO No. 200)

EAL Art. 3 Ignorance of law excuses no one from compliance therewith.

EAL Art. 4 Laws shall have no retroactive effect, unless the contrary is provided.

EAL Art. 5 Acts executed against the provisions of mandatory and prohibitory laws shall
be void, except when the law itself authorizes their validity.

EAL Art. 6 Rights may be waived unless the waiver is contratry to law, public policy,
morals or good customs, or prejudicial to a third person with a right recognized
by law.

EAL Art. 7 Laws are repealed only by subsequent ones and their violation or non-observance
shall not be excused by disuse, customs or practice to the contrary.

When the courts declare a law to be inconsistent with the Constitution, the former
shall be void and the latter shall govern.

Administrative or executive acts, orders and regulations shall be valid only when they
are not contrary to the law or the constitution.

EAL Art. 8 Judicial decisions applying or interpreting the laws or the Constitution shall form part
of the legal system of the Philippines.

EAL Art. 9 No judge or court shall decline to render judgment by reason of silence, obscurity or
insufficiency of the laws.

EAL Art. 10 In case of doubt in the interpretation or application of laws, it is presumed that the
lawmaking body intended right and justice to prevail.

EAL Art. 11 Customs which are contrary to law, public order or public policy shall not be countenanced.

EAL Art. 12 A custom must be proved as a fact, according to the rules of evidence.

EAL Art. 13 When the law speaks of years, months, days or nights, it shall be understood that years are
of three hundred sixty five days each; months of thirty days; days of twenty four hours, and nights
from sunset to sunrise.

If months are designated by their names, they shall be computed by the number of days they
 respectively have.

In computing a period, the first day shall be excluded and the last day shall be included.

EAL Art. 14 Penal laws and other public security and safety shall be obligatory upon all who live or sojourn
in the Philippine territory, subject to the principles of public international law and to treaty
stipulations.

EAL Art. 15 Laws relating to family rights and duties, or to the status, condition and legal capacity of persons
are binding upon citizens of the Philippines, even though living abroad.

EAL Art. 16 Real property as well as personal property is subject to the law of the country where it is situated.

However, intestate and testamentary successios, both with respect to the order of succession
and to the amount of successional rights and to the intrinsic validity of testamentary provisions,
shall be regulated by the national law of the person whose succession is under consideration,
whatever may be the nature of the property and regardless of the country wherein said property
may be found.

EAL Art. 17 The forms and solemnities of contracts, wills, and other public instruments shall be governed by
the laws of the country in which they are executed.

When the acts referred to are executed before the diplomatic or consular officials of the
Republic of the Philppines in a foreign country, the solemnities established by Philippine laws
shall be observed in their execution.

Prohibitive laws concerning persons, their acts and property, and those which have for their object
public order, public policy and good custom shall not be rendered ineffective by laws or judgments
promulgated, or by determinations or conventions agreed upon in a foreign country.

EAL Art. 18 In matters which are governed by Code of Commerce and special laws, their deficiency
shall be supplied by the provisions of this Code.
ours, and nights

f days they
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city of persons

ere it is situated.

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ws or judgments
MAR Art. 1 Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman
entered into in accordance with law and for the establishment of conjugal and
family life. It is the foundation of family and an inviolable institution whose nature,
consequences, and incidents are governed by law and not subject to stipulation,
except that marriage settlements may fix property relations during the marriage
within the limits provided by the Family Code of the Philippines.

MAR Art. 2 No marriage shall be valid, unless these essential requisites are present:
(1) Legal capacity of the contracting parties who must be a male and a female; and
(2) Consent freely given in the presence of the solemnizing officer.

MAR Art. 3 The formal requisites of marriage are:

(1) Authority of the solemnizing officer;
(2) A valid marriage license except in cases provided for in Chapter 2 of this Title; and
(3) A marriage ceremony which takes place with the appearance of the contracting
parties before the solemnizing officer and their personal declaration that they take each
other as husband and wife with the presence of not less than two witnesses of legal age.

MAR Art. 4 The absence of any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage
void ab initio, except as stated in Article 35.

A defect in any of the essential requisites shall render the marriage voidable as
provided in Article 45.

An irregularity in the formal requisites shall not affect the validity of the marriage
but the party or parties responsible for the irregularity shall be civilly, criminally,
and administratively liable.

MAR Art. 5 Any male or female of the age of eighteen year or upwards not under of any
of the impediments mentioned in Article 37 and 38, may contract marriage.

MAR Art. 6 No prescribed form or religious rite for the solemnization of marriage is required.
It shall be necessary however, for the contracting parties to appear personally
before the solemnizing officer and declare in the presence of not less than two
witnesses of legal age that they take each other as husband and wife. This
declaration shall be contained in the marriage certificate which shall be signed
by the contracting parties and their witnesses and attested by the solemnizing officer.

In case of a marriage in articulo mortis, when the party at the point of death
is unable to sign the marriage certificate, it shall be sufficient for one of the witnesses
to the marriage to write the name of said party, which fact shall be attested by
the solemnizing officer.

MAR Art. 7
 ose nature,

this Title; and

contracting
at they take each
esses of legal age.

mnizing officer.

the witnesses