Colours of Biotechnology

White Biotechnology Green Biotechnology Blue Biotechnology

Definition Biotechnology that focuses to reduce the
Biotechnology that focuses on the Biotechnology that focuses to exploreand
dependence of agriculture on mechanical
production and processing of chemicals, use marine biodiversity as a source of new
and chemical innovations by using less
materials and energy using living cells, such products, bioprospecting the environment
aggressive practices to the environment
as yeast, fungi, bacteria, plants and and using molecular biology and microbial
and contribute to the emergence of better
enzymes for the industrial scale synthesis of ecology in marine organisms to obtain
food, increased productivity and reduced
products beneficial advances for humanity
production costs
Usage Industry Agriculture Marine
Products a. Organic acids (citric acid, lactic acid,acetic
Genetically modified crops (GM crops):
acid) a. Bioactive compounds from marine
a. Roundup-Ready soybean, herbicide
b. Sweeteners (xylitol, sorbitol, aspartame) organisms (Cytarabine, Vidarabine,
(glyphosate) tolerant GM crop
c. Amino acids Ziconotide, etc)
b. Bt cotton and Bt maize, insect resistance
d. Vitamins b. Food additives (polyunsaturated fatty
crop by having Bt toxin that kill insects
e. Bioethanol acids, lutein, astaxanthin, or β-carotene
that feed on it
f. Polylactic acid producing microalgae, phycocyanin from
c. Environment-resistant soy and castor
g. Polyhydroxy butyric acid cyanobacteria, and food nutrition
beans
h. Ethylene glycol supplements)
d. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
i. Succinic acid c. Cosmetic (Ephemer, Silidine, Xcell-30
e. Plant-based biopolymer (polylactide,
j. Enzymes from microalgae,Cellynkage)
polyhydroxyalkanoate, starch polymers,
k. Aroma d. Marine biofuel (3G ethanol)
xanthan gum)
l. Surfactants

Red Biotechnology Grey Biotechnology Yellow Biotechnology

Definition Biotechnology that centred on ecosystem Biotechnology that focuses on development
Biotechnology that focuses on the
and environmental sciences. It focuses on of genetically modified food with an
processing of utilizies organisms to improve
decontaminating soil ad polluting gases, the increased calorie content and vitamin
health care and help the body to fight
purification and cleaning of reddisual water, supplements which are used in developing
diseases. Red biotechnology or health
maintaining air cleanliness, recycling live countries to combat child malnutrition in an
biotechnology occurs most in bio-sanitary.
products as well as inert ones, and efficient and fast way.
 eliminating heavy metals, hydrocarbons and
things that damage the biosphere by using
resources with energetic and
microbiological origins drawn from the use
of living organisms such as fungi, algae and
plants
Usage Health, Medical, Diagnostics Environmental Food and Nutrition
Products a. Brewing beer
a. Vaccine and antibiotics
b. Yoghurt
b. Developing new drugs a. Pollution control using microorganisms
c. Cheese
c. Molecular diagnostics techniques b. Human waste disposal
d. In vitro cell culture techniques on
d. Regenerative therapies, gene therapy, c. Protect Flora and Fauna from pollution
adult cow stem cells to
cell therapy and medicines based on d. Waste management using
manufacture bovine muscle
biological molecules such as therapeutic microorganisms
tissue—aka hamburger meat
antibodies
(MosaMeat)