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Access to visual media for education purposes. Beginning of “visual instruction movement”.
magic lanterns work like a camera in reverse – they shine light out through a lens and project it onto a
screen, with a static or moving slide or slides inside them, between the light and the lens.
1806 The Sandbox
Students would use a sandbox on their desk to practice the alphabet with their fingers in the sand, the
black surface showing through in the form of the letter traced… After the children had made each of the
letters, the monitor smoothed the sand with a flat iron and a new letter was presented.
1841 Chalkboard
Chalkboard was first introduced. As Shade (2001) explains, When first introduced, the chalkboard went
unused for many years until teachers realized that it could be used for whole group instruction.
1900’s : Instructional technology emerged in the form of visual media.
The 19th century paved in the advent of effective technological development including the production of
textbooks, use of blackboards and improvements in writing implements like pen and ink. Photography
was invented, giving a way to movement called “Visual Instruction”.
1902 Kinetoscope
KINETOSCOPE was invented in 1889 which is now known as the motion picture. And in 1902 Charles
Urban of London began exhibiting the first educational films. Among these films were “slow-motion,
microscopic, and undersea views” antler, 1990d “such subjects as the growth of plants and the emergence
of the butterfly from the chrysalis” Sae
1923 Radio
Haaren High school in New York City became the first public school to use the radio in classroom
teaching. Following the decision by the Radio Division of the U.S. Department of Commerce to license
time from commercial stations to broadcast educational lessons. “There were broadcast for elementary
school listeners and for secondary-school students. There were re-creations of American history,
challenging interpretations of American Folk music, delightful dramatizations of children’s stories and
legends.
1926: Educational films were used as instructional media.
1930’s Overhead Projector
The overhead projector was widely used by the U.S. Military to train forces during World War II and
eventually the device spread to schools.
1932 The first instructional television program
The first instructional television program was aired at the State University of Iowa. About the same time,
the 16mm sound motion picture was developed and this served as the educational workhorse during the
audio-visual movement of the time.
use in public school taught New York elementary students binary arithmetic.
1957 Teaching Machines and Programmed Instruction
A method called Computer Assisted Instruction was Intended to teach students a specific content area.
Initially, the only difference between CAI and teaching machines was the type of technology used to
deliver the material. Drill and practice techniques were common. The students was asked to make simple
responses, fill I the blanks, choose among a restricted set of alternatives, or supply a missing word or
phrase. If the response was wrong, the machine would assume control, flash the word wrong and generate
another problem. If the response was correct, additional material would be presented .” (Saettler,1990)
1980’s Educational Software
Educational software is a term used for any computer software which is made for n educational purpose.
It encompasses different ranges from language learning software to classroom management software to
reference software. The purpose of all this software is to make some part of education more effective and
efficient.
1990 Internet
Describes the availability and use of educational technology by teachers in public schools. Teachers are
tapping into enhance abilities of current classroom computer technology by utilizing various Web 2.0
tools to enhance their instruction.
1991 The SMART Board
The smart board or interactive whiteboard manufactured by smart technologies. Smart Introduced the
first Smart Board interactive whiteboard in 1991, and the board are now used in classrooms, lecture
halls, groups meetings and presentations across the world.
21st century educational technology brings to the classroom environment. Technology provides teachers
and students with access to a variety of educational resources that inspire creativity, critical thinking,
communication, and collaboration. Greater interactivity. Educational examples include the use of blogs
in place of book reports.
Among the ICT learning facilities are the Web 2.0 tools. Web 2.0 tools are second
generation web services designed to facilitate communications, secures information sharing,
interoperability, collaboration and so on. These tools include common applications such as Whats app,
Wiki, Google Doc, Google Classroom and so on.
2018 to 2019
Virtual Reality
Gamification
Medical realities platform employs the VR technology to help the medical students watch live
broadcasts of simulated surgeries.
Gamification is perhaps the biggest trends in educational technology that turns the learning process
lot more fun and engaging. By adding game elements and bringing video game designs into the
learning process, this ed. tech trend improves the concentration level of the students.
Digital Course Materials, with smartphones and high penetration of internet, assignments too have
gone digital in nature.
Technology is changing the dynamics of education, especially the relations between teachers and
students. Teachers are using technology to replace old models of standardized, rote learning and
creating more personalized, self-directed experiences for their students.