Important Questions for Interview

Q 1. Tell some thing about your experience.

Ans: tell that you have sufficient experience in teaching ( ignou ) teaching and you also have feild
experience in tourism , guiding experience tell them you have experience of DVM in APTDC and DTO
for some time , please select some districts and prepare on them.

You exhibit yourself as a person with blend of all experience and you will the help the students in
placements.

Q 2 Which are your interested subjects

Dont tell tourism product, tell the subject with limited scope

Q. 3 What are the latest corrections in GST on tourism and Hospitality

The lower tax rates announced by the GST Council on Friday can give a boost to tourism and
hospitality sector ahead of the peak winter holiday season.

Those foreign and Indian tourists who were flocking to neighbouring countries can consider India as
an option too. The room tarif beyond ₹7,500 per day will atract a GST of 18 per cent as against 28
per cent. While, the rooms with tarif between ₹1000 to ₹7,500 will atract a GST of 12 per cent. But
there will be no GST on room tarif up to ₹1,000. The GST rate rationalisation for hotels is an
extremely positive development which augurs very well for the tourism industry. Gurbaxish Singh
Kohli, Vice-President, Federation of Hotel and Restaurant Associations of India (FHRAI).Dipak Haksar,
Chairman CII National Commitee on Tourism & Hospitality and Chief Executive, ITC Hotels. Pronab
Sarkar, President, Indian Association of Tour Operators. With increase in the number of flights and
cheaper air fares, the neighbouring countries have become more accessible. Today, Goa is getting
competition from Phuket. Meanwhile, with peak wedding and winter holiday season around the
corner, the hospitality sector is expected to give some benefits to the consumers.

input tax credit (ITC) the ITC facility is being withdrawn and a uniform 5 per cent tax is levied on all
restaurants without the distinction of AC or non-AC, the finance minister explained. Restaurants in
starred-hotels that charge Rs 7,500 or more per day room tarif will be levied 18 per cent GST but ITC
is allowed for them.

GST is going to be an efficient and harmonized destination-based tax system and will remove the
problems faced by the sector leading to cost optimization and a free flow of transactions. GST is a
glimmer of hope for the Hotel and Tourism Industry if we can keep the GST rate between 10 to 15%.
GST might herald with its uniformity of tax rates, a beter utilization of input credit which in turn
benefits the end user in terms of afordability.

Q 4 . What are the important reasons for closure of Thomas cook?

It's been a long journey for travel firm Thomas Cook since its formation in rural Leicestershire during
the early Victorian era. Founded in Market Harborough in 1841 by businessman Thomas Cook, the
fledgling company organised railway outings for members of the local temperance movement. Some
178 years later, it had grown to a huge global travel group, with annual sales of £9bn, 19 million
customers a year and 22,000 staf operating in 16 countries.

Thomas Cook had a chequered history, including being nationalised in 1948 - when it became part of
the state-owned British Railways - and owning the raucous Club 18-30 youth brand, which it recently
closed after failing to find a buyer. However, just as the travel world had progressed from temperance
day trips, so the modern business and leisure market was also changing, and at a far faster pace than
in previous decades.

The firm's fate was sealed by a number of factors: financial, social and even meteorological.

As well as weather issues, and stif competition from online travel agents and low-cost airlines, there
were other disruptive factors, including political unrest around the world.

As for Thomas Cook's recent atempts to restructure itself, "it looked to me very much like too litle
too late," he said, adding that a move into the package holiday market by low-cost carriers EasyJet
and Jet2 piled on the pressure.

Tim Jeans, a former managing director of Monarch who left long before its collapse, told BBC 5 live
Thomas Cook had "an analogue business model in a digital world".

Q. 5. What are the latest Tourism statistics ( few Important)

India’s Foreign Tourist Arrivals data was reported at 798,587.000 Person in Aug 2019. This records a
decrease from the previous number of 817,455.000 Person for Jul 2019. India’s Foreign Tourist
Arrivals data is updated monthly, averaging 256,096.000 Person from Mar 1987 to Aug 2019, with
390 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 1,191,147.000 Person in Dec 2018 and a
record low of 94,649.000 Person in May 1988. India’s Foreign Tourist Arrivals data remains active
status in CEIC and is reported by Ministry of Tourism.

Rest of the information is in Ministry of tourism, Website.

Q. 6. Why you are unable to complete your Ph.D.,

Q. 7. What are the important theories in tourism studies.

ush and Pull Factor Theory of Tourism

Push and pull factor is defined as the set of all factors that gives a push for the tourist to take up
tourism activities and the set of all factors that east a pull on the tourist to make a visit to the
destinations of the world.

Push Factor

Tourism by its framework has the structure of participation in atraction, accessibilities and amenities
for over 24 hours out of one’s own domicile. This needs considerable amount of financial strength.
Hence the first and foremost push factor is disposable income. Disposable income is the amounts
that can be spend by the individuals/tourists for the purpose of tourism without any expectations of
returns (profit) from the expenditure made. The second push factor is the stress or monotony of
work that the individual/tourists are experiencing in their regular life. This stress or monotony
usually makes people to move out of their domicile so as to regroup or recreate themselves. In this
situation people willingly participate in tourism. The third major factor is the sense of pleasure
among the people. In every stage of life people wish spend some period of their stage exclusively for
themselves in absolute pleasure. Some of them are honeymoon, family-reunion, family vacation,
participation of festivals and so on. In all these situations, tourism is the best form of entertainment
incidentally; the underlying current of all tourism activity is pleasure.

Pull Factors

Pull factor is the very structure of tourism. The 3A’s namely Atraction, Accessibilities and Amenities
are the primary pull factor. These 3A’s are acting on the minds of the people and pulling them to the
respective destination. Agra will be not visited if Taj Mahal is not located there. The next pull factor is
the Activity. This can be confidently referred as the fourth A of tourism. The activities possible at a
tourism destination pulls the individuals to the spot. For example the snow skiing activity of snow
park Manali is a great pull factor though there are other summer resorts such as Shimla and
Darjeeling are also receiving snow. The third pull factor is the quality. Quality is defined as the
atainment of satisfaction on the service received by the customer within the projected price levels.

This factor of quality in addition of being a pull factor for tourism also makes the service provider to
atain stardom.

Tourism Area Lifecycle (TALC)

In discussing tourism, the term destination becomes ubiquitous; however, it is not always clear what
a destination is? Is it a hotel, a city, a region, or a country? Bierman (2003, P.2) defines a destination
as “a country, state, region, city or town which is marketed or markets itself as a place for tourists to
visit.” Regardless of what geographic scope one assigns to the term destination, a destination is a
product that must be marketed to its consumers. Like most products, destinations have a lifecycle. In
his 1980 article, Butler proposed a widely-accepted model of the lifecycle of a tourist destination.
The basic idea of Butler’s 1980 Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) model is that a destination begins as a
relatively unknown and visitors initially come in small numbers restricted by lack of access, facilities,
and local knowledge, which is labeled as Exploration in Figure (Miller and Gallucci, 2004)

As more people discover the destination, the word spreads about its atractions and the amenities
are increased and improved (Development). Tourist arrivals then begin to grow rapidly toward some
theoretical carrying capacity (Stagnation), which involves social and environmental limits. The rise
from Exploration to Stagnation often happens very rapidly, as implied by the exponential nature of
the growth curve. The possible trajectories indicated by doted lines A-E in Figure are examples of a
subset of possible outcomes beyond Stagnation. Examples of things that could cause a destination to
follow trajectories A and B toward Rejuvenation are technological developments or infrastructure
improvements leading to increased carrying capacity.

Examples of things that could cause a destination to follow trajectories C and D are increased
congestion and unsustainable development, causing the resources that originally drew visitors to the
destination to become corrupted, or no longer exist. The trajectory in Figure of most interest to this
research is trajectory E, which is the likely path of a destination following a disaster or crisis. It is also
important to point out that the Law of Diminishing Returns could cause a destination to follow
trajectories similar to those of C or D, and that the concepts and practices of destination recovery, as
applied to destinations recovering from a disaster, could easily be applied to a destination in Decline
as a result of the Law of Diminishing Returns.

Doxey’s Irritation Index

The most well known theory of culture shock is “Doxey’s Irritation Index”. According to Doxey’s
theory, when there is no touristic activity in the region, hosts are curious and interested in tourists;
they are welcome, delighted and excited about tourists’ presence. Furthermore, it is a general
phenomenon that more people move in and out of tourism sectors. Moreover, when the number of
tourists increases, they are taken for granted and contact between tourists and hosts becomes more
formal and locals. The theory become indiferent towards tourists; they do not know whether to
welcome tourists or not. When the number of tourists reaches to a maximum level, tourism
development reaches the saturation stage and the rate of tourism growth is expected to be even
higher, hosts become concerned over price rises, crime, and tourist rudeness, and cultural rules
being broken and eventually irritated by tourists’ presence; tourists are perceived as an annoyance.
When tourists are blamed for all wrongdoings in the host society, and are seen as lacking human
values, hosts become hostile towards them. Hosts start to believe tourists can be exploited.
Eventually, hosts call for actions which would ofset the negative impacts of tourism development.

Limitations of Doxey’s Irriation Index

The limitations of Doxey’s model are its measurement based on only a macro view and the residents’
attitudes towards tourism development point out and steadily developed to negative prospects only.
However, Doxey’s theory is considered that destinations may not be able to grow without
justification. The model proposes that local residents become negative towards tourists when the
visitor numbers rise over time, however; tourist arrival numbers will not continually grow at the
same rate over time and they may decline as well. Although Doxey’s categories are very useful and
have proven valuable in understanding the range of perceptions exhibited within a community. There
are diferences among attitudes based on diferent resident typologies depending on many factors
such as socio-economic factors.

Q. 8. Contributions of important scientists in tourism – Maslow, Plog, etc.,

Q. 9. Important tourism text books with the name of authors.

Maslow first introduced his concept of a hierarchy of needs in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human
Motivation" and his subsequent book Motivation and Personality. This hierarchy suggests that people
are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to other, more advanced needs.

While some of the existing schools of thought at the time (such as psychoanalysis and behaviorism)
tended to focus on problematic behaviors, Maslow was much more interested in learning about what
makes people happy and the things that they do to achieve that aim.
As a humanist, Maslow believed that people have an inborn desire to be self-actualized, that is, to be
all they can be. In order to achieve these ultimate goals, however, a number of more basic needs
must be met such as the need for food, safety, love, and self-esteem.1

There are five diferent levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Let's take a closer look at Maslow’s
needs starting at the lowest level, known as physiological needs.

Maslow's hierarchy is most often displayed as a pyramid. The lowest levels of the pyramid are made
up of the most basic needs, while the most complex needs are at the top of the pyramid.

Needs at the botom of the pyramid are basic physical requirements including the need for food,
water, sleep, and warmth. Once these lower-level needs have been met, people can move on to the
next level of needs, which are for safety and security.

As people progress up the pyramid, needs become increasingly psychological and social. Soon, the
need for love, friendship, and intimacy become important. Further up the pyramid, the need for
personal esteem and feelings of accomplishment take priority.

Like Carl Rogers, Maslow emphasized the importance of self-actualization, which is a process of
growing and developing as a person in order to achieve individual potential.

Deficiency Needs vs. Growth Needs

Maslow believed that these needs are similar to instincts and play a major role in motivating
behavior.2 Physiological, security, social, and esteem needs are deficiency needs, which arise due to
deprivation. Satisfying these lower-level needs is important in order to avoid unpleasant feelings or
consequences.

Maslow termed the highest level of the pyramid as growth needs. These needs don't stem from a
lack of something, but rather from a desire to grow as a person.

While the theory is generally portrayed as a fairly rigid hierarchy, Maslow noted that the order in
which these needs are fulfilled does not always follow this standard progression. For example, he
noted that for some individuals, the need for self-esteem is more important than the need for love.
For others, the need for creative fulfillment may supersede even the most basic needs.a
Q.10. Explain the tourism system proposed by Leiper.

Tourism System

In response to the issues identified above, we feel that it is important at the outset to provide an
organising framework for the study of tourism. There are many ways to do this. Individual disciplines,
for example, view the activity of tourism as an application of their own ideas and concepts, and an
approach from, say, geography or economics could be adopted. An alternative is to take a post-
disciplinary approach as noted above. Figure 1.1 shows one such atempt to integrate a variety of
subjects and disciplines and to focus upon tourism. However, in a book of this nature it is impossible
to cover the complete range of approaches to tourism. Instead, as an organising framework, we have
adopted the model suggested by

Leiper in 1979 and updated in 1990 (Figure 1.2). As Figure 1.2 shows, Leiper’s model neatly takes into
account many of the issues identifi ed above by considering the activity of tourists, allowing industry
sectors to be located and providing the geographical element which is inherent to all travel. It also
places tourism in the context of a range of external environments such as society, politics and
economies. There are three basic elements of Leiper’s model:

1. tourists;
2. geographical elements; and
3. the tourism sector.

Tourists

The tourist is the actor in this system. Tourism, after all, is a very human experience, enjoyed,
anticipated and remembered by many as some of the most important times of their lives. We deal
with defi nitions and classifi cations of tourists later in this chapter.

Geographical Elements

Leiper outlines three geographical elements in his model as:

1. the traveller-generating region;

2. the tourist destination region; and
3. the transit route region.

The traveller-generating region represents the generating market for tourism and, in a sense,
provides the ‘push’ to stimulate and motivate travel. It is from here that the tourist searches for
information, makes the booking and departs.

In many respects, the tourist destination region represents the ‘sharp end’ of tourism. At the
destination, the full consequences of tourism are felt and planning and management strategies are
implemented. The destination too is the raison d’être for tourism, with a range of special places
distinguished from the everyday by their cultural, historic or natural signifi cance (Rojek and Urry,
1997). The ‘pull’ to visit destinations energises the whole tourism system and creates demand for
travel in the generating region. It is therefore at the destination where the innovations in tourism
take place – new products are developed and ‘experiences’ delivered, making the destination the
place ‘where the most noticeable and dramatic consequences of the system occur’ (Leiper, 1990, p.
23).

The transit route region does not simply represent the short period of travel to reach the destination,
but also includes the intermediate places which may be visited en route: ‘There is always an interval
in a trip when the traveller feels they have left their home region but have not yet arrived . . . [where]
they choose to visit’ (Leiper, 1990, p. 22).

The Tourism Sector

The third geographical element of Leiper’s model is the tourism sector, which we can think of as the
range of businesses and organisations involved in delivering the tourism product. The model allows
the location of the various industrial sectors to be identifi ed. For example, travel agents and tour
operators are mostly found in the traveller-generating region, atractions and the hospitality industry
are found in the destination region, and the transport industry is largely represented in the transit
route region. We analyse the tourism sector in Part 3 of the book. Each of the elements of Leiper’s
tourism system interacts, not only to deliver the tourism product, but also in terms of transactions
and impacts and, of course, the difering contexts within which tourism occurs (Figure 1.3). The fact
that tourism is also a sector of contrasts is illustrated by examining two major elements of Leiper’s
model. Demand for tourism in the generating region is inherently volatile, seasonal and irrational. Yet
this demand is satisfied by a destination region where supply is fragmented, inflexible and
dominated by fixed investment costs – surely a possible recipe for the financial instability of tourism!

Q. 11. Five year plans and tourism.

Tourism Policy in India

Tourism emerged as the largest global industry of the 20th century and is projected to grow even
faster in the 21th century. India has immense possibilities of growth in the tourism sector with vast
culture and religious heritage, varied natural atractions, but a comparatively small role in the world
tourism scene. Tourism policy strengthens the tourism sector and envisages new initiatives towards
making tourism the catalyst in employment generation, environmental regeneration, development of
remote areas and development of women and other disadvantaged groups in the country. It would
lead to larger foreign exchange earnings and create conditions for more foreign direct investment.

Origin of Tourism policy in India

Tourism planning in India was started after Independence. The conscious and organized eforts to
promote tourism in India were made in 1945, when a commitee was set up by the Government
under the leadership of Sir John Sargent, then Educational Adviser to the Government of India
(Krishna.A.G. 1993). Thereafter systematic tourism development took place in India. The tourism
planning approach has been evolved in Second and Third five year plans. The sixth five year plan
emphasizes tourism as an instrument for economic development, integration and maintains social
harmony. After 1980s tourism activity gained momentum as employment generator, source of
income, foreign exchange earnings and as a leisure industry. The government has taken several
significant measures to promote tourism industry.

Tourism policy 1982

The First Tourism policy was announced by the Government of India on November 1982. The mission
of First Tourism Policy was to promote sustainable tourism as means of economic growth, social
integration and to promote the image of India abroad as a country with a glorious past, a vibrant
present and a bright future. Policies to achieve this will be evolved around six broad areas such as
Welcome (Swagat), Information (Suchana), Facilitation (Suvidha), Safety (Suraksha), Cooperation
(Sahyog) and Infrastructure Development (Samrachana). This policy also gives importance to
conservation of heritage, natural environment, development and promotion of tourist products.

The objectives of tourism development are to foster understanding between people, to create
employment opportunities and bring about socio-economic benefits to the community, particularly
in the interior and remote areas. It also strives towards balance, sustainable development and
preserve, enrich and promote India‟s cultural heritage. One of the major objectives is the
preservation and protection of natural resources and environment to achieve sustainable
development.

Given the low cost of employment creation in the tourism sector and the low level of exploitation of
India‟s tourism potential, the new tourism policy seeks to expand foreign tourist arrivals and
facilitate domestic tourism in a manner that is sustainable by ensuring that possible adverse efects
such as cultural pollution and degradation of environment are minimized.

The New Tourism Policy also aims at making the stay of foreign tourists in India, a memorable and
pleasant one with reliable services at predictable costs, so that they are encouraged to undertake
repeated visits to India, as friends. This would tune with India's traditional philosophy of giving the
highest honor to a guest

(Athithi devo bhava).

Highlights of tourism policy 1982:

1. The policy emphasis that development of tourism is connected to central, state and district level,
public sector and private sector.

2. The policy encourages individuals to participate in tourism development and also create interest in
local youth.

3. The policy encourages public private partnership for tourism growth.

4. Realizing that tourism is a multi -sectoral activity the policy ensures inter-governmental linkages
and coordination.

5. The policy states that tourism development depends on private sector. Private sector has to build
and manage tourist facility, preserve it, maintain it, involve local community, build security etc to
develop tourism.

6. The role of voluntary agencies and volunteers in tourism development is recognized by the policy.

7. The policy implies to facilitate larger funds to tourism infrastructure.

8. The policy recognizes that high quality standards in services, hotels and tourism related industries
are required of foreign investment.

9. The policy suggests giving priority to technological advancement especially to information

technology.

10.The policy suggests for safety and security of tourism sector.

11.Through government agencies the policy provides facilities like obtaining visas, immigration
checks, fees etc.

12.The policy creates tourism economic zones, circuits and tourism areas.

13.The policy introduces prospective plans, conservation of natural environment and cultural
heritages, cost efectiveness etc. In brief this policy has succeeded in providing a strong policy
foundation for Tourism Development in the country focusing on co-ordination of all tourism related
activities, Public Private Partnership, Voluntary Organizations, Infrastructure Development, Foreign
Direct Investment, Information Technology, Creation of Tourism Economic Zones and Sustainable
Tourism development.

Inclusion of Tourism sector in the Concurrent list of the Constitution of India:

Tourism was recognized as an industry by the Planning commission of India in June, 1982.Tourism as
a separate subject does not find a place in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India even
though a number of its components are either in the Union List, State List or in the Concurrent List.
Under the new Policy, Tourism will be placed in the Concurrent List as such a step will provide a
Constitutional recognition to the tourism sector and help in channelizing development of tourism in
a systematic manner by enabling the Central Government to bring in legislation governing the
activities of various service providers in the tourism sector. Inclusion of Tourism sector in the
Concurrent List of the Constitution of India is very important mile stone of the first tourism policy.

National Commitee on Tourism:

In June 1986, the planning Commission of India set up the National Commitee on Tourism to
prepare perspective plan for tourism sector. The Commitee headed by Mr. Mohammed Yunus,
submited its recommendation in November 1987.Mr.Mohammed Yunus report recommended that
the existing Department of Tourism would be replaced by a National Tourism Board and create
separate cadre on Indian Tourism Service to look after the functioning of the National Tourism Board.
It also submited proposal for partial privatization of the two airlines owned by Government of India.

By September 1987, the Central Government declared more concession for the tourism sector, which
included the tax exemption on foreign exchange earnings from tourism (50% reduction on rupee
earning and a 100% reduction on earning in dollars), drastic reduction of tarif on imports of capital
goods and concessional finance at the rate of 1 to 5% per annum. The Tourism Development Finance
Corporation was set up in 1987 with a corpus fund of Rs.100Crores. Until then tourism sector was
financed on commercial lines by the Industrial Development Bank of India, Industrial Credit and
Investment Corporation of India and other Commercial banks.
Tourism policy Under Seventh five year plan:

Indian tourism planning increased with the seventh five year plan (1985-1989).The various polices
advocated by the seventh five year plan for tourism planning in India are:

1. To promote aggressively domestic tourism.

2. It laid stress on creating more beach resorts.

3. To conduct conferences, trekking conventions and winter sports so that various options are
available to the foreign tourists.

These policies of the seventh five year plan in India gave a boost to the tourism planning in India.

Tourism policy Under Eight five year plan:

To encourage tourism planning in India, Eighth Five year plan (1992-1997) emphasized that the
private sector should increase its participation in the tourism sector. Union government had provided
various facilities for the development of tourism sector, which included the announcement of the
National action plan for the tourism in 1992.National Action plan for Tourism was announced in May,
1992.The objectives of this action plan for

planning in Indian tourism were:

1.To develop the tourist areas socially and economically.

2.To increase employment opportunities in tourism sector.

3.To develop domestic tourism for the budget or economy category.

4.To preserve the environment and national heritage.

5.To encourage international tourism.

6.To increase India‟s share in world tourism.

7.To diversify tourism product.

The various policies advocated by the eighth five year plan for tourism planning in India, are related
to development of tourist places, winter sports, beach resorts, wildlife tourism, restoring the project
of national heritage and providing economy class accommodation in tourist centers.The eighth five
year plan emphasizes that the expansion of tourism sector is only through private sector
participation. The thrust areas as enumerated in the plan includes development of selected tourist
places, diversification from cultural related tourism to holiday and leisure tourism, development of
trekking, winter sports, wildlife and beach resort tourism, exploring new source markets, restoration
of national heritage projects, launching of national image building, providing inexpensive
accommodation in diferent tourist centers, improving service efficiency in public sector etc.In April
1993, the Government announced further measures aimed at export promotion. The existing Export
Promotion of Capital Goods Scheme (EPCG) was extended to tourism and related services. The first
ever Indian
Tourism Day was celebrated on January 25, 1998.

National Tourism policy 2002:

Announcement of National tourism policy 2002 by the Government of India is a mile stone in tourism
planning in India. This tourism policy 2002 is based on a multi faced approach, which includes faster
or speedy implementation of tourism project development of integrated tourism circuits, capacity
building in the hospitality sector and new marketing strategies. Main aim of National tourism policy
2002 is to position tourism as a major driver of economic growth. Government tries to achieve this
aim by promoting domestic and international inbound tourism, developing tourist infrastructure,
developing new destinations, promoting of agro rural tourism, new tourist circuits, and public private
partnership. Main areas emphasized by the Government of India, in national policy 2002 are:

Tourism product or destination development: National policy 2002 emphasized to promote existing
tourism product and destination. For the development of tourism product and destination
development, central Government provided assistance to the state Government and large projects
have been funded.

ii. Integrated development of tourist circuits: Central Government provided funds to the state
government to develop tourist circuits to international standard.

iii. Assistance for large revenue generating projects: This policy emphasized private public
partnership to undertake large revenue generating projects like convention centre‟s, golf courses,
cruises and tourist trains,

which are used by tourists and provides large revenues to the state.

iv. Support for private public partnership in infrastructure: This policy realized that private financial
resource as well as technology and managerial talents are required for tourist infrastructure
development. Therefore Government gives financial support to conduct study tour in India, fairs or
exhibitions in abroad, publicity etc.

Tenth five plan initiatives for tourism (2002-2007):

Tenth five year plan working within the National Tourism Policy 2002, promoted skill building by
promoting training programmes in hotel and food industries. Tenth five year plan promoted
adventure tourism in the Himalayas, beach tourism in costal line. Wellness tourism included
traditional health practice like Ayurveda, shopping centre‟s for traditional crafts and pilgrimage
spots.

Eleventh five year plan initiatives for tourism (2007-12):

The Eleventh five year plan has alloted more funds for tourism development. With the extension of
national tourism policy 2002, eleventh five year plan tries to promote partnership between the
central, state government and private sectors. There are some of the areas selected for funding
which includes Srirangam, Vellore fort (heritage destination), the beach at Pudacherry and Chenni
(sea tourism),Wayanad in Kerala, the Udhagamandalam, Madumalai, Anaimalai circuits in Tamil Nadu
(Eco-tourism), Jammu and Kashmir and North eastern states have given special atention and also
tries to diversify the sources of tourism marketing.
Government initiatives:

The Ministry tourism undertakes various initiatives to promote tourism in the country. This includes:
Infrastructure Development: Adequate infrastructure facilities are vital for the tourism development.
Ministry of Tourism has been making eforts to develop quality tourism infrastructure at tourist
destinations and circuits. The Ministry has launched a scheme for development of nationally and
internationally important destinations and circuits through

Mega Projects. Infrastructure development schemes for tourism in India are:

1.Tourism product or infrastructure and destination development.

2.Integrated development of tourist circuits.

3. Assistance for large revenue generating project.

4.Capacity building for rural tourism.

5. Public private partnership in infrastructure development.

6.Tourism market development for domestic tourism.

Marketing and promotion initiatives:

Government of India initiated number of measures to promote tourism marketing and the important
marketing and promotion initiatives are:-

Incredible India Campaign:

Incredible India Campaign was introduced by the Government of India in 2002 to promote India as
an ultimate tourist destination on the world tourism map. Incredible India campaign was conducted
globally to atract tourists to the country. It projected India as an atractive tourist destination by
showcasing Indian culture, history, spirituality and yoga.

Atithi Devo Bhavah:

Atithi Devo Bhavah is a programme conducted by the Government of India to complement the
Incredible India Campaign. Main aim is to create awareness about the efect of tourism and sensitize
people about our country‟s rich heritage, culture, cleanliness and warm hospitality. Atithi Devo
Bhavah is a seven point‟s programme of hospitality and training. Components of Atithi Devo Bhavah
are , Samvedan sheelth or Sensitization, Prashikshan or Training induction.

Q. 12. Forms of tourism , types of tourism ,

Q. 13. Do you have any research papers published

Q. 14. Details of some important travel agencies and airlines

Q. 15. Importance of Foreign exchange earnings

Q. 16. Tourism and online travel opportunities

Q. 17. Tourism and Artificial Intelligence

Q. 18. Tourism and Latest trends in Accommodation

Q. 19. Suggest some good marketing tips for tourism destination of India

q. 20. Plans for visitor Management