Report
(Eg: weather report, science reports)
Purpose
Generic Structure
Language Features
Distinguise between Report and Descriptive text
Report
 Report Text is classifying and
describing general classes of phenomena.
 If the thing which is described in the text just
the representative of the whole group of the
thing mentioned, we can judge it as Report
Text.
 The structure of Report Text is General
Clasification followed by Description.
Example:
The Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth. The
Moon is the second brightest object in the Earth's sky after
the Sun. The natural satellites of the other planets in the
solar system are also sometimes referred to as moons.
The Earth's Moon is now known to be a slightty egg-shaped
ball composed mostly of rock and metal. It has no liquid
water, virtualty no atmosphere and is lifeless. The Moon
shines by reflecting the tight of the Sun. Atthough the Moon
appears brightly to eyes, it reftects on average onty 12
percent of the light that falls on it. This reflectivity of 0.12 is
similar to that of coal dust. This reflectivity is catled albedo.
The temperatures on most of the Moon's surface are too
extreme for water or ice to exist, ranging from a maximum of
7270 C (2610 F) at lunar noon to a minimum of -1730C (-
2790F) just before lunar dawn. Temperatures in
permanentty shadowed areas near the lunar poles, however,
may consistently be as low as -2200C (-3640F). Comets and
micrometeoroids that strike the Moon release gases that
contain water. The gases would form an extremely thin
atmosphere that would hen migrate to the coldest regions of
the poles and condense, forming ice that combines with the
lunar soil.

A type of text that provide factual information about a
particular object such as social phenomenon, nature, man-
made thing.
To give factual information in general nature.
General classification, Identification.
Adjective, Connector, Pronoun, Adverb, Present tense,
quantifier, general noun, relating verbs, behavioral verb,
technical term.
Descriptive
 Description Text is describing
a particular living, non-living or natural
phenomenon.
 If the thing which is mentioned in the
text is clear about its name, we can make
it sure as Descriptive Text.
 The structure of Description Text
is Identification followed by Description.
Example:
Moon is the earth's satellite which we often
see in the night. The Moon is the one place in
our solar system where humans have visited.
For the firs time on July 20, 1969, astronauts
Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin landed the
Lunar Module of Apollo 11 on the surface of
the Moon. Neil Armstrong was the first man
to walk on the Moon. However do you know
what descriptive facts about the Moon are?
The moon rises in the east and sets in the west. It moves
toward the east in our sky by about 12 degrees each day. The
Moon is about 384,400 kilometers from Earth. The Moon
has a diameter of 2,000 miles which is like to 3,476
kilometers.
The surface of the Moon has many things, such as craters,
lava plains, mountains, and valleys. Scientists believe the
craters were formed around 3.5 to 4.5 billion years ago by
meteors hitting the moon's surface. The Moon does not have
atmosphere, wind and weather that is why the footprints left
there on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts will remain
there for millions of years.
The Moon is not a light source. It mean that Moon does not
make its own light. It reflects light from the sun. All of us
can can see the Moon especially in the night because light
from the Sun bounces off it back to the Earth. If the Sun
wasn't there, we can not see the Moon.
The moon influences many of the tides in the oceans. This is
because of the gravity force between the Earth and Moon. At
full Moon and new Moon, the Sun, Earth and Moon are
lined up, producing the higher than normal tides. When the
Moon is at first or last quarter, it forms smaller neap tides.
 
Teaching Writing report text with PBL

1) Start with the Essential Question The teacher begins the teaching-learning process by offering the
students an essential question which gives them images of what the goals to achieve during the
project development. The questions also imply to them what knowledge they should construct. The
topic of the essential questions must fit the students' proficiency level and be relevant to their daily
life.

2) Design a Plan for the Project The design of the plan contains the explanations of the rules of the
project development, the exercises leading to the answers of the essential question, the activities
leading to the accomplishment of the project, the materials and the tools 27 used during it, and the
possible sources to acsess. The design can be designed collaboratively with the students to take into
account the students' capability, interests and expectations.

3) Create a Schedule In this phase, the teacher and the students discuss about when the deadline to
end the project development is. The end of it is the time in which they have finished their end
products. It also includes the time allocation in doing each activity during the project development.

4) Monitor the Students and the Progress of the Project It is the most important stage in which the
project development takes place. It is important since the success of the project accomplishment will
be determined by how well the students develop the project. Besides, in this phase the teacher is
required to optimally play his role as a monitor. He is responsible to facilitate the process to run, to
guide the students during the process, to help them if they face difficulties and to make sure that each
student is involved in the process.

5) Assess the Outcome After the students have handed in their end products to the teacher, an
asessement is conducted to measure the students' achievement. The assessment can be product- or
process-oriented. It can assess the end product or their understanding of the lesson by giving further
proficiency test. Furthermore, this 28 phase allows the teacher to evaluate the students' achievement
and the quality of teaching-learning process.

6) Evaluate the Experiences This is the last stage in which the teacher and the students reflect on the
activities and the project they have done. Besides, the teacher has to make sure that they have been
able to answer of the essential questions presented in the first stage.
Example :
 JUDGES INVITATION LETTER
Storytelling contest
Surabaya

June 16th 2019

To Mr. Muhammad Syafii Antonio, M.Pd.
Magelang

Dear Mr. Muhammad Syafii Antonio, M.Pd.

The Storytelling for Bulan Bahasa in STKIP Al Hikmah will hold its annual Surabaya regional
contest on July 20th 2019. The competition will be held at Arofah 1 STKIP Al Hikmah
Surabaya and will begin at 08.00 a.m and conclude be approximately 16.00 p.m.
I am writing to confirm our early conversation concerning you serving as a judge for the
contest. I appreciate your willingness to give your time and expertise to help young people
develop their professional skills.
A judges briefing is scheduled for 07.30 a.m. Thank you again for your help and support of
STKIP Al Hikmah and to our future workforce.

Sincerely,
Chief of committee

(Khoirul Ihsan)

Refference: Sari, Josephine, dkk. 2012.SPM Seri Pendalaman Mater. Jakarta: esis.

References:

https://sites.google.com/site/tarqdirection/the-four-fields-of-functional-language/report-vs-
descriptive-
text#targetText=In%20short%2C%20report%20text%20describes,nature%2C%20animal%20and%20s
cientific%20object.&targetText=This%20scientific%20and%20technical%20sense,objective%20fact%
20of%20the%20thing.

http://eprints.uny.ac.id/19223/1/Bayu%20Pratomo%2010202244009.pdf