1.

Simple Present Tense

Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan kebiasaan, fakta dan kejadian yang
terjadi pada masa sekarang.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
(+) Bentuk Positif
-Subject + To be 1 + Non Verb + Object
- Subject + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh :
She is an english teacher
I speak english every day
(-) Bentuk Negatif
-Subject + To be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
-Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh :
She is not an english teacher
I don't speak english everyday
(?) Tanya
-To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?
- DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
Contoh :
Is She an English Teacher?
Do You Speak english everyday

2. Present Continuous Tense

Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukan kejadian yang terjadi sekarang atau
juga rencana di masa depan.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
(+) Bentuk Positif
subject + to be (am, is, are) + Verb – ing + object
She is watching TV now
(-) Bentuk Negatif
subject + to be + not + verb – ing + object
She is not watching TV now
(?) Bentuk Tanya
to be + subject + verb – ing + object
Is She watching TV now

3. Present Perfect Tense

Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah dimulai pada suatu
titik dan berlangsung hingga sekarang.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
(+) Bentuk positif
-Subject + has/have + been + object
He has been at home since morning
-Subject + has/have + Verb III + object
I have studied English For Three Years
(–) Bentuk negative
-Subject + has / have + not + been + object
He has not been at home since morning
-Subject +has / have + not + verb III + object
I have not studied English For Three Years
( ? ) Bentuk interrogative
-Have / has + subject + been + object
Has He been at home since morning
-Have / has + Subject + verb III + object
Have I studied English For Three Years

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan satu kejadian yang dimulai pada masa lalu
dan terus berlanjut.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
( + ) Bentuk positif
-Subject + has/have + been + V-ing
She Has not been reading book for an hour
( – ) Bentuk negative
Subject + has / have + not + been + V-ing
She Has not been reading book for an hour
( ? ) Bentuk interrogative
-Have / has + subject + been + V-ing
Has she been reading a book for an hour

5. Simple Past Tense

Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi pada waktu
tertentu di masa lalu.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
(+) Bentuk Positif :
-Subject + was/were + complement (pelengkap)
-Subject + Verb II + Object
Contoh :
-I saw a movie yesterday
-Last year, Daniel was here
(-) Bentuk Negatif
-Subject + to be (was/were) + not + complement
-Subject + did not + Verb I + Object
Contoh :
-I did not see him yesterday
-She was not here yesterday
Bentuk did not atau was/were not bisa disingkat menjadi didn’t atau wasn’t dan weren’t
(?) Bentuk Interrogative :
-Did + Subject + Verb I + Object + ?
Contoh :
-Did you play football yesterday ?
6) Past Continuous Tense
Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa ada kegiatan yang terjadi di
masa lalu dan belum selesai.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + to be (was/were) + verb-ing + object
He was sleeping when I came
Negatif (-)
Subject + was/were + not + verb-ing + object
He was not sleeping when I came
Tanya (?)
- was/were + subject + verb-ing + object ?
Was He sleeping when You came?

7. Past Perfect Tense

Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang sudah terjadi dan juga sudah
selesai pada masa lalu
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + had + verb III + (past participle) + object
She had gone to Australia when I called her
Negatif (-)
Subject + had + not + verb III + object
She had not gone to Australia when I called her
Tanya (?)
Had + subject + verb III + object ?
Had She gone to Australia when You called her

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai sebelum
kejadian yang lainnya terjadi.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
Positif (+)
Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object
He had been living in Jakarta about ten years
Negatif (-)
Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object
He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years
Tanya (?)
Had + subject + been + object ?
Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years?

9. Future Tense (Present)

Jenis yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian di masa depan, baik secara
terencana (be going) atau secara spontan (will).
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya :
Positif (+)
Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
We will go to school soon
The students are going to have a test next month
Negatif (-)
Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
We will not go to school soon
The students are not going to have a test next
Pertanyaan (?)
Will/shall + subject + verb I + object
Am/is/are + subject + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
Will we go to school soon ?
Are the students going to have a test next month ?

10. Future Continuous Tense

Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang akan berlangsung di
masa depan.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + will/shall + be + verb-ing + object
I will be studying English tomorrow
Negatif (-)
Subject + will/shall + not + verb-ing + object
I will not be studying English tomorrow
Tanya (?)
Will/shall + subject + be + verb-ing + object
Will You be studying English tomorrow

11. Future Perfect Tense

Jenis tenses yang digunakan menyatakan kejadian yang akan telah selesai pada masa
depan
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement
Subject + shall/will + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning
Majid will have rented my house next month
Negatif (-)
Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement
Subject + shall/will + not + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning
Majid will not have rented my house next month
Interrogative atau kalimat tanya (?)
Shall/will + subject + been + complement
Shall/will + subject + have + verb III + object?
Contoh :
Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning?
Will Majid have rented my house next month?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian dimasa depan akan
telah berlangsung.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + object
I will have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning
Negatif (-)
Subject + shall/will + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
I will not have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning
Interrogative atau kalimat tanya (?)
Shall/will + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?
Will you have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning?

13. Past Future tense/(Simple) Conditional

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan probabilitas. Contoh: if I found his wallet, I
would give it back to him
Rumus dan Contoh
Positif (+)
Subject + should/would + be + object
Subject + should/would + verb I + object
Contoh :
She should be in Yogyakarta next month
I would be pick up when you arrive at the station tomorrow
Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + be + object
Subject + should/would + not + verb + object
Contoh :
She should not be in Yogyakarta next month
I would not be pick up when you arrive at the station tomorrow
Interrogative/Tanya (?)
Should/would + subject + be + object?
Should/would + subject + verb I + object?
Contoh :
Should She be in Yogyakarta next month
Would you be pick up when I arrive at the station tomorrow

14. Past Future Continuous tense/Conditional

Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan dilakukan melalui
sebuah proses.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat :
Positif (+)
Subject + should/would + be + verb-ing + object
My brother would be finishing Thesis last week
Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + be + verb-ing + object
My brother would not be finishing Thesis last week
Tanya (?)
Should/would + subject + be + verb-ing + object?
Would your brother finishing Thesis last week?

15. Past Future Perfect tense/Conditional

Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan telah dilakukan oleh
subyek.
(+) Positif
Subject + should/would + have + been + complement
Subject + should/would + have + verb III + object
Contoh:
- Ani would have seen John if She had come earlier
- Sinta would have been married if her parents had permitted
(-) Negatif
Subject + should/would + not + have + been + complement
Subject + should/would + not + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
- Ani would not have seen John if She had come earlier
- Sinta would not have been married if her parents had permitted
(?)Tanya
Should/would + subject + have + been + complement ?
Should/would + subject + have + verb III + object ?
Contoh
- Would Ani have seen John if She had come earlier
- Would Ani have been married if her parents had permitted

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous tense/Conditional

Jenis Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan telah
dilakukan untuk beberapa saat.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
(+) Positif
Subject + should/would + have + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh :
By last Saturday I should have been sailing for three days.
(-) Negatif
Subject + should/would + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
By last Saturday I should have been sailing for three days
(?) Tanya
Should/would + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object ?
Contoh :
Should you have been sailing for three days By last Saturday?

Noun (Kata Benda)

Pengertian Noun
Noun adalah suatu kata yang digunakan untuk menamai orang, benda, hewan, tempat, dan
konsep abstrak. Kata benda bahasa Inggris ini merupakan satu dari delapan part of speech.

Lihat juga:

 List of Common Nouns (Daftar Kata Benda yang Sering Digunakan)

 Possessive Form: Noun dan Pronoun
 Pronoun (Kata Ganti Benda)
 Attributive Noun
 Deverbal Noun
 Verbal Noun

Di dalam suatu kalimat noun dapat berfungsi sebagai:

Fungsi Noun Contoh Kalimat

Tommy has run the company since 1993.
Subject of Verb (Tommy telah menjalankan perusahaan tersebut sejak tahun
1993.)
She is a denstist.
Subject / Object (Dia seorang dokter gigi.) subject complement
Complement We called him grand dad.
(Kami memanggilnya kakek.) object complement
I can drive a car.
(Saya dapat menyetir mobil.) direct object
Direct / Indirect Object
The teacher gave the students some advice.
(Guru itu memberi para siswa beberapa nasehat.) indirect object
She was walking on the sidewalk when she was attacked.
Object of Preposition
(Dia sedang berjalan do trotoar ketika dia diserang.)
Soal Subject, Verb, Object Complement

Macam-Macam Noun
Noun dapat dibedakan menjadi countable dan uncountable noun, proper dan common noun,
abstract dan concrete noun, dan collective noun.

1. Countable dan Uncountable Noun

Countable noun merupakan kata benda yang dapat dihitung, sebaliknya uncountable noun tidak
dapat dihitung.

countable noun
uncountable noun
singular plural
book books wind
tomato tomatoes cheese
man men sugar
contoh kalimat countable noun

Soal Countable Noun

2. Proper dan Common Noun

Proper noun merupakan penggolongan kata benda secara spesifik dimana menggunakan huruf
kapital pada huruf awalnya (Jakarta, Gramedia), sedangkan common noun secara umum (city,
shop).

3. Abstract dan Concrete Noun

Abstract noun merupakan kata benda yang tidak dapat diamati dengan panca indra (love,
romance). Kebalikannya, concrete noun dapat diamati dengan panca indra (book, fluor).

Soal Abstract-Concrete Noun

4. Collective Noun

Collective noun untuk menyatakan suatu nama kelompok atau kumpulan (class, deer).

Noun Phrase dan Compound Noun

Selain berbentuk sederhana dengan hanya terdiri dari satu kata, noun mungkin dapat berbentuk
frasa yang disebut noun phrase dimana frasa tersebut merupakan hasil kombinasi antara noun
(sebagai head) dengan modifier seperti determiner (a, an, the, this, that, my, his, her, such, each,
every), adverb (too, very, so), adjective (beautiful, funny, interesting, lovely), dan noun lain.
Contoh Noun Phrase:

 a book
 this hat
 my car
 such a lovely day

Noun juga mungkin berkolaborasi dengan noun atau part of speech lain seperti verb,
prepositional phrase, atau adjective untuk membentuk kata dengan makna baru yang disebut
compound noun.

Contoh Kombinasi Contoh Compound Noun

noun + noun toothpaste
noun + verb roadshow, waterfall
noun + prepositional phrase father-in-law
adjective + noun whiteboard

Noun Substitute
Noun substitute adalah suatu konstruksi yang berfungsi sebagai noun, yaitu: gerund, infinitive,
dan noun clause.

1. Gerund (verb + ing) dan Infinitive (to + verb)

Gerund dibentuk dari bentuk sederhana dari verb (bare infinitive) yang ditambahkan akhiran –
ing, sedangkan infinitive terdiri dari particle to dan bentuk sederhana dari verb. Walaupun
berfungsi sebagai noun namun gerund dan infinitive masih berperilaku seperti verb, misalnya
dapat disertai direct object, adverb, atau prepositional phrase.

Contoh Kalimat Gerund dan Infinitive:

I love swimming.
1
(Saya suka berenang.) gerund (dirext object)
I love swimming in the sea.
2
(Saya bertanya-tanya apakah dia marah.) gerund + prepositional phrase “in the sea”
We need to talk.
3
(Kita perlu bicara.) infinitive (direct object)
I just want to talk to you.
4
(Saya hanya ingin berbicara denganmu.) infinitive + prepositional phrase “to you”

Soal Gerund vs. Infinitive

2. Noun Clause
Noun clause merupakan dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai noun. Klausa diawali oleh
question word (5w+1h), if/whether, atau that.

if/whether/that/ question word + S + V + …

Contoh Kalimat Noun Clause:

I understand what you said.

1
(Saya mengerti apa yang kamu katakan.)
I wonder if he was angry.
2
(Saya bertanya-tanya apakah dia marah.)