PHINMA CAGAYAN DE ORO COLLEGE

Max Suniel Street, Carmen, Cagayan de Oro City

SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE

“CASE STUDY ABOUT TOKHANG SURRENDEREES IN TALAKAG BUKIDNON”

A Research Paper Presented to the

Faculty of School of Criminology and Criminal Justice

PHINMA CAGAYAN DE ORO COLLEGE

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject

Criminological Research and Statistics

For the degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology

 A CASE STUDY OF TOKHANG SURRENDEREES

IN TALAKAG, BUKIDNON

A CASE STUDY SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT FOR THE SUBJECT

CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH

BY BORRETA CESAR III

TAGO ABDUL QUDDOS

CASINO JOHN ROVIN

SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE

2019
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

The Tokhang or Philippine war on Drugs refers to the drug policy of

the Philippine government under President Rodrigo Duterte, who assumed office on

June 30, 2016. According to former Philippine National Police Chief Ronald dela

Rosa, the policy is aimed to neutralize the illegal drug personalities nationwide.

According to an article written by Luke Lischin, the local government in the

Philippines plays an important but infrequently discussed role in President Rodrigo

Duterte’s so-called war on drugs, also known as Oplan Tokhang. The regulations of

the Department of the Interior and Local Government, the Philippine National Police,

and the Office of the President, the central government of the Philippines has

converted local government into the front line of the war on drugs. Under the

campaign, police go from house to house to convince drug suspects to surrender,

tokhang is coined from the Cebuano terms toktok or knock and hangyo or ask. It is a

PNP-led house to house campaign to ask pre-identified “drug suspects” to voluntarily

surrender to authorities.

The legal foundations of Oplan Tokhang can be traced back to Section 16 of

Republic Act (RA) No. 7160, also known as the Local Government Code of 1991.

Section 16 states that local governments shall exercise both explicit and implied

powers to promote general welfare, including the improvement of public morals such

as drug-free communities. Failure to exercise these powers can result in the

disciplining and/or removal of the liable local executive per Section 60 of the LGC.

Additional penalties regarding the revocation of local government authority are stated

in the RA 6975 or Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990.
 The information gathered is then stove-piped through a hierarchy of

municipal, provincial, regional, and national offices for use by police, and PDEA

agents tasked with apprehending suspects. Also the LGU representatives are

included as stakeholders, they are subject to strict penalties if they do not comply.

The total number of surrenderees as to the Philippine National police has

reached 1,007,153, out of this is 75,000 drug pushers and around 930,000 drug

users. Also accordiong to PNP it has conducted more than 40,000 anti-drug

operations, resulting in the death of more than 2,000 drug personalities, and the

arrest of more than 43,000. But the success of tokhang comes with a price with an

estimated death of 3,967 to 20,322 according to the article by The Diplomat.

As to date there are 23,000 self-confessed drug peddlers and users in

Bukidnon that surrendered on operation tokhang. On the article by Philippine Times

out of 294,655 households in the entire province, the PNP Bukidnon has visited and

knocked on a total 246,808 houses.

Our case study will be focusing on the tokhang surrenderees from Talakag

Bukidnon, on the available data there are around 1,269 surrenderees. Three drug

surrenderers in this town have attested to the positive effect on their lives of the

community-based rehabilitation program under the Philippine National Police’s

campaign against illegal substances, widely known as “Oplan Tokhang”. We have 3

(three) respondents namely; Jose Pahati 19 years of age, who graduated from the

tokhang program. According to her when Oplan Tokhang was implemented, he felt

afraid for his life. He also experienced not sleeping for 3 straight nights. He only

thinks about today. He doesn't think about what will happen in the future because

she is already satisfied with her addiction. According to her Oplan Tokhang is a big
help because it changes his life. Now she is living a normal life. Victor noted that the

Talakag Police, the local government unit (LGU) of this town - including the

barangays officials, national government agencies and other non-government

organizations - organized a community-based rehabilitation for the drug

surrenderers, in which he decided to enlist. The program included a series of

counseling with the Talakag Municipal Police Station, regular monitoring by

barangay officials and the police and training by the Technical Education and Skills

Development Authority. “The best thing that happened to me when I was reformed

from illegal drugs is when I came to know the Lord Jesus Christ. We may have

different struggles, mine was illegal drugs back then, but these are all part of God’s

plan for us to know Her,” Victor said.

Jhegler Dave Gamayon , 19 years old, harvester in a banana plantation, a resident

of Barangay 5, here and a father of two children, became addicted to illegal drugs

when he found their is money in drug peddling. Gamayon recalled how he had

neglected his responsibilities to his children due to his addiction and even sold some

of his belongings just to sustain his vice.

To assist in the possible improvement of Oplan Tokhang in Talakag, Bukidnon, I

need to understand the leadership, responsibility, staffing, collection, policies and

procedures, funding and structure of Oplan Tokhang. My research has incorporated

interviews with 3 (three) respondents and a questionnaire survey to some of the

participating Tokhang surrenderees in the program.

 Conceptual Framework

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Curiousity about drugs

Peer Influences INFLUENCING Drug Addiction

Oplan Tokhang

Economic Factors (Poverty)

1.2 Problem Statement

1.0 Main Statement

Was Oplan Tokhang, a policy that led drug addicts to stop consuming drugs? Was

Oplan Tokhang a big help to drug addicts in Talakag, Bukidnon?

1.1 About Oplan Tokhang

 What are the policies of Oplan Tokhang and how they were implemented?

 What are the problems of Oplan Tokhang?

 Is Oplan Tokhang effective?

1.2 About drug addicition

 What effects does drug addiction have on the human body?

 What are the factors that make an individual predisposed to falling into

drug addiction?

1.3 Difference between adult/youth surrenderee

 Purpose of using drugs

 Why he surrenderred to Oplan Tokhang

1.4 Objectives of the Study

A. Main Objective

To know that if the War on Drugs implemented by the Philippine National Police

was an adequate answer to the drug problem; whether or not Oplan Tokhang

was a policy that put forth the interest of the Talakagnon or instead a haphazard

attempt to create a solution to a complex problem.

 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

To the PNP, as an organization to provide them a clear perspective to achieve the

institution’s goals and be reflected on their over-all performance, as a whole.

To personnel for they will have sufficient knowledge in conducting drug

related operation without encountering problems and it would be easier to them

when conducting operations.

To the community members for they will be given ideas when encountering

such problems related in anti- illegal drug operation and they will be aware and

prepared with regards to that issue.

To the Criminology students, the results of this study will enable them to

improve the skills and strategies with regards to drug related operations.

To the present researchers, the result of this study will help them to apply the

knowledge they have learned in connection to their field of study which includes

police service.

To the future researchers, it would contribute new knowledge and would serve

as a major breakthrough for further study on this area.

TIME AND PLACE OF THE STUDY

The study will be conducted in Talakag, Bukidnon from August 2019 to

October 2019.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The participants of the study were the Philippine National Police (PNP) and

Barangay Officials in 6th District Province of Cavite. It involves some personnel who

play a part in anti-illegal drug operations.

 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the related literature of the study that are inclusive in

the better understanding of the problem, its nature, concerns and issues. This

section mention references from significant articles, internet sources that are related

to the study it contains the citation of local studies related to Performance of the

Philippine National Police in the Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drug Program in

Talakag, Bukidnon.

Laws and Regulation referring to dangerous drugs

One of the laws that pertain s to dangerous drug is R.A. No. 9165, An act

instituting the comprehensive dangerous act of 2002, repealing Republic Act No.

6425, otherwise known As the dangerous drug act of 1972, as amended, providing

funds therefore, and other purposes. Recognizing the need to further strengthen

existing laws governing Philippine drug law enforcement system, the then Philippine

President (Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo) signed the Republic Act No. 9165, or the

Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, on June 7, 2002 and it took effect on

July 4, 2002. The R.A. 9165 defines more concrete courses of action for the national

anti-drug campaign and imposes heavier penalties to offenders.

The enactment of R.A. 9165 reorganized the Philippine drug law enforcement

system. While the Dangerous Drugs Board remains as the policy-making and

strategy-formulating body in planning and formulation of policies and program on

drug control and prevention, it created the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

under the Malacañang Palace, Office of the President. (Arroyo 2002)

Another laws about dangerous drugs is the Republic Act No. 8203 declared

that it is the policy of the State to protect and promote the right to health of the

people and in still health consciousness among them as provided in Section 15

Article 11 of the Constitution. It is also further declared the policy of the State that in

order to safeguard the health of the people, the State shall provide for their

protection against counterfeit drugs. (Aquino, 2014)

Another is the Republic Act No. 10640 an act to further strengthen the anti-

drug campaign of the government, amending for the purpose section 21 of republic

21 of republic act no 9165, otherwise known as the “Comprehensive Dangerous

Drugs Act of 2002”. Enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the

Philippines in Congress assembled Section 21 of Republic Act No. 9165, otherwise

known as the “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002″, is hereby amended to

read as follows:

“SEC. 21. Custody and Disposition of Confiscated, Seized, and/or

Surrendered Dangerous Drugs, Plant Sources of Dangerous Drugs, Controlled

Precursors and Essential Chemicals, Instruments/Paraphernalia and/or Laboratory

Equipment. – The PDEA shall take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs,

plant sources of dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, as

well as instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory equipment so confiscated,

seized and/or surrendered, for proper disposition. The apprehending team having

initial custody and control of the dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and

essential chemicals, instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory equipment shall,

immediately after seizure and confiscation, conduct a physical inventory of the

seized items and photograph the same in the presence of the accused or the

person/s from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized, or his/her

representative or counsel, with an elected public official and a representative of the

National Prosecution Service or the media who shall be required to sign the copies

of the inventory and be given a copy thereof: Provided, That the physical inventory

and photograph shall be conducted at the place where the search warrant is served;

or at the nearest police station or at the nearest office of the apprehending

officer/team, whichever is practicable, in case of warrantless seizures: Provided,

finally, That noncompliance of these requirements under justifiable grounds, as long

as the integrity and the evidentiary value of the seized items are properly preserved

by the apprehending officer/team, shall not render void and invalid such seizures and

custody over said items. A certification of the forensic laboratory examination results,

which shall be done by the forensic laboratory examiner, shall be issued immediately

upon the receipt of the subject item/s: Provided, That when the volume of dangerous

drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs, and controlled precursors and essential

chemicals does not allow the completion of testing within the time frame, a partial

laboratory examination report shall be provisionally issued stating therein the

quantities of dangerous drugs still to be examined by the forensic laboratory:

Provided, however, That a final certification shall be issued immediately upon

completion of the said examination and certification.(Estrada, 1991).

Drug Related Operation

Drug Supply Reduction Pillar

Is mainly concerned with strengthening the rule of law and enhancing a

network of control measures. The extent to which dangerous drugs are proliferated is

addressed through law enforcement, market denial operations and prevention of

diversion from the licit to the illicit markets. Law enforcement strategies target all

parts and levels of the supply chain from actions aimed at preventing importation

across the border to those that target the point of supply to consumers. Interventions

against drug supply include all activities carried out by law enforcement agencies led

by the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) with the Philippine National

Police Anti-Illegal Drugs Group (PNP-AIDG), National Bureau of Investigation (NBI)

and other similar agencies. Regulatory compliance measures ensure the availability

of dangerous drugs and Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals (CPECs)

with legitimate medical and industrial use while preventing its diversion from the licit

to illicit market and curtailing drug abuse.as mandated by the law, PDEA regulates

the acquisition and use of dangerous drugs and CPECs. Through its Compliance

Service, applications for licenses and permits of practicing professionals and firms

involved in the retail, distribution, manufacture, exportation/importation, and use of

dangerous drugs and CPECs are assessed and processed. The DDB, on the other

hand, issues Certificate of Exemption to legitimate companies dealing with CPECs.

This would exempt the product/preparation containing dangerous drugs and/or

CPECs that are below and above the 30% threshold from certain regulatory control

measures. A certification is also issued to industries and companies dealing with

chemicals/substances for products that are not included in the list of dangerous

drugs and CPECs. (www.slideshare.net)

Judicial and Legislative Measures

Consist of regular reprisal of the judiciary on recent Board regulations and the

Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 or RA 9165. The Board also seek to

foster and improve cooperation among pillars of the criminal justice system such as

the judiciary, prosecution and law enforcement. The Drug Demand Reduction pillar is
geared towards reducing the consumer’s demand for drugs and other substances.

This is done through programs on Preventive Education, Treatment and

Rehabilitation, and Research. Along with its partner agencies, the DDB continues to

formulate policies on drug prevention and control, develop and implement preventive

education programs, adopt and utilize effective treatment and rehabilitation programs

and conduct research on vital aspects of the drug abuse problem. (Arroyo, 2002)

Alternative Development Pillar

Is among the multi-pronged drug control strategies being undertaken by the

DDB, ,through which prevention, reduction and elimination of illicit cultivation of

marijuana plants are achieved by specifically designed rural development measures

that are aimed at providing lawful, economically viable and sustainable means of

income as well as an improved livelihood of people in known marijuana cultivation

areas, specifically targeting those involved in the illicit activities

Civic Awareness and Response Pillar.

Strategies under this pillar aims to stimulate discussion and generate public

opinion that lead to participation. The DDB utilizes different forms of media to spread

the anti-drug advocacy and enlist more and more Filipinos in the fight against drugs.

The different sectors of the society are encouraged to participate in programs

through increasing awareness and enhancing public understanding of drug

dependence. To reach out to a greater majority, cooperation and coordination with

media organizations is also maintained.

Regional and International Cooperation.

The regional and international cooperation pillar places emphasis on cross-

border strategy-sharing and regional activities while enriching the existing national
responses and capacity-building programs which represent the foundations of the

national anti-drug abuse advocacy. There is a great deal of complementarities

between the national and the regional response as would be seen in the

conferences, symposia and fora participated in by the country. These demonstrate

that the Philippine advocacy against drug dependency shares the same overall

regional approach to program development while meeting the contextual and cultural

requirements for our own country’s needs. (www.ddb.gov.ph)

Anti-Drug Operation

The Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) has ordered the

Philippine National Police (PNP) to extend its ‘OplanTokhang’ program from illegal

drugs to illegal gambling this year. OplanTokhang, which means “knock and plead,”

is a police operation in the country wherein authorities knock on the doors of

suspected drug users or pushers and ask them to surrender. DILG Secretary Ismael

‘Mike’ Sueno said that apart from the narcotics campaign, the PNP should also

implement the ‘OplanTokhang’ principle in going after illegal gambling lords “to

ensure that appropriate taxes go to government coffers.”Sueno added that he also

asked the PNP to ensure the program to not be used by the policemen for their own

interests. OplanTokhang is not used or abused by policemen for their personal

interests or some sort of vendetta against their enemies. Tokhang is implemented for

the sole purpose that it was conceived, and that is to round up drug personalities and

other criminals(Dana Sioson, 2017).

Guidelines in the implementation of barangay drug clearing program to foster

the involvement of the local communities in the suppression of illegal drug activities

have been issued by the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA).

 Among the general guidelines are the mandatory creation of Barangay Anti-

Drug Abuse Councils (BADACs) nationwide; the conduct of barangay drug-clearing

operations which is divided into three phases, namely the Pre-Operation Phase,

Operation Phase and Post-Operation Phase; the classification of barangays in

determining the priority areas for clearing operations; the duties of local chief

executives; and the penalty for non-compliance. An integrated approach to emerge

victorious in the war on drugs is to rid illegal drugs barangay by barangay. (Lapena,

2017)

The BADACs were deputized and empowered to plan and implement

strategic policies; and evaluate programs and projects on drug prevention and

control, given the political and police powers of the barangay to administer the affairs

of the community. The conduct of sustaining clearing operations against drug-

affected barangays in the initial phase include the activation of BADACs, capability

enhancement of all stakeholders through seminars, preventive education and

trainings, organization of house clusters to determine all essential facts of illegal drug

activities happening in the neighborhood, submission of report containing watch-list

of drug personalities, establishment of a rehabilitation referral desk in every

barangay, among others. Local chief executives are duty bound to ensure the

organization of BADAC in all barangays within their territorial jurisdiction, allocation

of substantial portion in the barangay budget and ensure compliance with the duties

and responsibilities of the BADAC in the anti-drug campaign.(Chavez, 2017)

Education program in schools nationwide

Adamant in protecting learners from the adverse effects of dangerous drugs

and in supporting the Duterte administration’s campaign against illegal drugs, the

Department of Education (DepEd) is strengthening its National Drug Education

Program (NDEP). The NDEP is a comprehensive educational program, which

provides a holistic approach in preventing and eliminating the menace of drugs in the

country. The NDEP also enables all sectors to work collaboratively—with the school

system as the core—thereby unifying all sectoral endeavors. The NDEP has five

components that the DepEd builds on to create awareness on the ill effects of using

illegal drugs. These components are: a) curriculum and instruction; b) co-curricular

and ancillary services; c) teacher and staff development; d) parent education and

community outreach; and e) research, monitoring, and evaluation. Moreover, the

DepEd strengthens the program implementation by

establishing BarkadaKontraDroga Chapters in schools; intensifying anti-drug abuse

information campaigns; supporting the activities planned by the designated regional

and schools division NDEP coordinators; and involving Parent-Teacher-Community

Associations and pupil/student organizations in drug abuse prevention activities

(Azurin, 2016).

The anti-illegal drug campaign

The anti-illegal drug (AID) campaign is being carried out under the national

agenda to uplift the dignity and human rights of Filipinos through inclusive

development. In his inaugural state of the nation address, President Rodrigo R.

Duterte has stated the following commitment: There can never be real, tangible and

felt development without making our people feel secure. And it is our duty to uplift

our people’s welfare. With this, my administration shall be sensitive to the

Philippines’s obligations to promote, and protect, fulfill the human rights of our

citizens, especially the poor, the marginalized and the vulnerable and social justice

will be pursued, even as the rule of law shall at all times prevail. dministration shall
implement a human approach to development and governance, as we improve our

people’s welfare in the areas of health, education, adequate food and housing,

environmental preservation, and respect for culture. Human rights must work to uplift

human dignity The Philippines is facing a grave social ill that has been existing for

many years -- the massive proliferation of illegal drugs. The drug menace is

compounded by other social ills such as rampant criminality, lingering poverty, and

corruption in the bureaucracy. In its exercise of sovereignty and self-determination,

the Philippines is resolute in saving its people from the scourge of illicit drugs. The

Filipino people supports the President’s platform on peace and order based on his

consistent high approval and trust ratings. The AID campaign is but a subset of the

overall socio-economic agenda of the Duterte administration. The Philippines

employs a whole-of-government approach to uplift the dignity of Filipinos by

alleviating poverty, promoting social inclusion and making communities safer and

more secure. The entire Philippine government is working under such mandate.

Aside from the AID campaign and in connection with the socio-economic agenda,

the Duterte administration’s priorities include the effective implementation of agrarian

reform through continued distribution of lands[1], improvement of communal irrigation

systems to farmer-beneficiaries, and provision of agri-fishery assistance to farmers

and fisherfolks, primarily through infrastructure projects, and promoting the rights of

workers through the new labor policy of ending the short-term contractual system in

employing workers or the so-called ENDO practice. The drug epidemic in the

country prevents ordinary Filipinos, mainly the youth, from developing their full

potentials and enjoying the fruits of the country’s socio-economic

progress. Demographics underline this concern: the Philippines has over 30 million

boys and girls under the age of 14 years. It is in this context that addressing drug
abuse and the manufacture, distribution and sale of drugs in the country is seen as

an important element in supporting human development and in securing real and

inclusive economic growth. The priority of the Duterte administration with respect to

the reduction of all forms of crimes, including manufacture, sale and distribution of

illegal drugs, is being supported by a holistic program that seeks to combat not only

the crimes but also the corruption that perpetuates such crimes. The approach is

comprehensive, covering information and education campaigns, community

organization and mobilization, and police-community partnerships to ensure public

order and safety. (Revita, 2016)

Website:

https://www.academia.edu/35305453/PERFORMANCE_OF_THE_PHILIPPINE_NATIONAL_POLICE_IN_THE_I

MPLEMENTATION_OF_OPLAN_TOKHANG_IN_6_th_DISTRICT_PROVINCE_OF_CAVITE?fbclid=IwAR1PVjJi

OGgKFH_1w-F9pll9u0K2J7-AfVUbE9awjVtrsKDq-p6Rs5a39c4
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, I discuss the research design, area of study, population, sample of

the population, sampling technique, instrument for data collection, validation of the

questionnaire, administration of the instrument and method of data analysis.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The researcher chose a survey research design because it best served to answer

the questions and the purposes of the study. The survey research is one in which a

group of people or items is studied by collecting and analyzing data from only a few

people or items considered to be representative of the entire group. In other words,

only a part of the population is studied, and findings from this are expected to be

generalized to the entire population defines the survey assessing public opinion or

individual characteristics by the use of questionnaire and sampling methods.

DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

In this study, the options, perceptions and attitudes of Tokhang surrenderees and

educators of the Tokhang Program. Twenty Nine Barangays.

POPULATION OF THE STUDY

The target population for this research defined to include the Tokhang Surrenderees.

In this study, the accessible population comprised all the tokhang surrenderees in

the twenty-nine Barangays of Talakag, Bukidnon.

 RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

The respondents of this study will include the Tokhang Surrenderees of Talakag,

Bukidnon.

SAMPLING PROCEDURE

The study used the descriptive method of research. The researcher used the survey

questionnaires as major instruments. Other methods of data gathering instructed

interviews and observations to the respondents.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

Prepared structured survey questionnaires served as the primary instruments in

gathering the different characteristics and responses of the respondents. The

researchers distributed the structured survey questionnaires. The researcher

interpreted the contents of the questionnaire as needed.

 CHAPTER 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter present the interpretation and analysis of the data gathered for the

study. The presentation follows the logical order of the statement of the problem of

the study.

Problem 1. What is the respondents’ general assessment policies of

Oplan Tokhang and how they were implemented?

Respondent number 1 provide the data of the general asseessment and

policies of Oplan Tokhang and how they were implemented.

1.1 About Oplan Tokhang

1.2 About Drug Addiction

RESPONDENT NUMBER 1

Initial observation

Respondent number 1 was an educated heighted man with average weight.

His personal hygiene was good and was wearing neat and tidy clothes. He appears

active, energetic, and was in good mood. He was maintaining good eye contact. His

sitting posture was much relaxed. The client seems quiet motivated to seek

treatment.
 Identifying Information

1.1 About Oplan Tokhang

Respondent number 1, male, 19 years old, a resident of Barangay 5

Talakag, Bukidnon. According to respondent number 1 the problem of Oplan

Tokhang is that eventhough he is just absent for just one meeting, he is

already suspected of using drugs again.

And one major problem he mentioned is that many drug surrenderees are

listing those persons that are already dead. He also added he is not in favor of the

rules and regulations of Oplan Tokhang. The time intended for work is no more

enough because of the weekly meeting. And every meeting he needs to pay the

weekly due. The money intended for food is being paid for the weekly due.

According to him Oplan Tokhang is effective because many of the youth that are

newbees have already stopped.

He also said that Oplan Tokhang gives him peaceful life because he already

stopped using drugs.

1.2 About Drug Addiction

According to respondent number 1 the taste of drugs is just like food,

that is why his body needs it. The first time he used drugs he felt like

floating and he feel handsome. He sells his own clothings in able to buy

drug. He steals money from his parents to buy drugs. He said already

spent almost a million of peso by just buying drugs.

 1.3 About Difference between Adult/Youth Offender

According to respondent number 1, he used drugs for him not to be tired

while he is working.

RESPONDENT NUMBER 2

Initial observation

Respondent number 2 was an out of school boy. He appears active,

energetic, and a litlle bit ashamed. He was maintaining good eye contact. His sitting

posture was much relaxed.

Identifying Information

1.1 About Oplan Tokhang

Respondent number 2, male 17 years old, a resident of Barangay 3,

Talakag, Bukidnon. The problem with Oplan Tokhang is that there are still

many using drugs. And many did not follow the strict implementation of no

drinking of alcohol beverages, specially in public places and using of

cigarretes. He is in favor for the rules of tokhang. Oplan Tokhang inables

him to think positive and have good reputation.

1.2 About Drug Addiction

He said the strict implementation of Oplan Tokhang is effective

because it cause him to be afraid of using drugs again. Drugs cause him
 to worry about his life and family. He also sell his personal things to just

buy drugs. The reason why he is addicted to drugs is it gives him more

strength and cause him not to be easily get tired.

1.3 About Difference between Adult/Youth Offender

His reason of using drugs is because of peer pressure Peer

influence is when you choose to do something you wouldn't otherwise do,

because you want to feel accepted and valued by your friends.

RESPONDENT NUMBER 3

Initial observation

Respondent number 3 was an elementary level guy. He appears active,

energetic, and a litlle bit curious about the interview. He was maintaining good eye

contact. His sitting posture was much relaxed.

Identifying Information

1.1 Oplan Tokhang

Respondent number 3, male, 15 years old, a resident of Tampolong,

Talakag, Bukidnon and of early age was addicted to shabu. His problem with

tokhang is that, when it’s school days he wasn’t able to go to school because of the

weekly meeting of Oplan Tokhang Surrenderees. He wan’t that the schedule of the

meeting should be move to weekends, so that he wouldn’t be absent. He was not in

favor of the rules of the program because it divides their time for school. Tokhang
program is effective but there are some regulations that needs to be change.

“Tokhang program really changed myself” respondent number 3 said. What he did to

prevent himself from using drugs, is that he distance himself from his drug addict

friends.

1.2 About Drug Addiction