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R E F E R E N C E PA G E 1

ALGEBRA GEOMETRY
Arithmetic Operations Geometric Formulas
Cut here and keep for reference

a c ad # bc Formulas for area A, circumference C, and volume V:

a!b # c" ! ab # ac # !
b d bd
Triangle Circle Sector of Circle
a
A ! 12 bh A ! "r 2 A ! 12 r 2%
a#c a c b a d ad
! # ! ! !
b b b c b c bc ! 12 ab sin % C ! 2" r s ! r % !% in radians"
d

a
Exponents and Radicals h r s
m ¨ r
x ¨
x m x n ! x m#n ! x m$n b
xn r
1
!x " ! x
m n mn
x$n ! n
x

!xy"n ! x n y n #$ x
y
n
!
xn
yn
Sphere
V ! 43 " r 3
Cylinder
V ! " r 2h
Cone
V ! 13 " r 2h
x 1'n ! s
n
x x m'n ! s
n
x m ! (s
n
x )m A ! 4" r 2 A ! " rsr 2 # h 2

s
n
xy ! s
n
xs
n
y & n x
y
s
n

! n
sy
x r

r h
h
Factoring Special Polynomials
r
x 2 $ y 2 ! !x # y"!x $ y"
x 3 # y 3 ! !x # y"!x 2 $ xy # y 2"
x 3 $ y 3 ! !x $ y"!x 2 # xy # y 2"
Distance and Midpoint Formulas
Binomial Theorem
Distance between P1!x1, y1" and P2!x 2, y2":
!x # y"2 ! x 2 # 2xy # y 2 !x $ y"2 ! x 2 $ 2xy # y 2
!x # y"3 ! x 3 # 3x 2 y # 3xy 2 # y 3 d ! s!x 2 $ x1"2 # ! y2 $ y1"2

!x $ y"3 ! x 3 $ 3x 2 y # 3xy 2 $ y 3

!x # y"n ! x n # nx n$1y #
n!n $ 1" n$2 2
2
x y
Midpoint of P1 P2 : # x1 # x 2 y1 # y2
2
,
2
$
# ))) # #$ n n$k k
k
x y # ) ) ) # nxy n$1 # y n
Lines
where
n
k
#$
!
n!n $ 1" ) ) ) !n $ k # 1"
1 ! 2 ! 3 ! ))) ! k
Slope of line through P1!x1, y1" and P2!x 2, y2":

y2 $ y1
Quadratic Formula m!
x 2 $ x1
$b ( sb 2 $ 4ac
If ax 2 # bx # c ! 0, then x ! .
2a Point-slope equation of line through P1!x1, y1" with slope m:

Inequalities and Absolute Value y $ y1 ! m!x $ x1"

If a & b and b & c, then a & c.
Slope-intercept equation of line with slope m and y-intercept b:
If a & b, then a # c & b # c.
If a & b and c ' 0, then ca & cb. y ! mx # b
If a & b and c & 0, then ca ' cb.
If a ' 0, then
Circles
%x% ! a means x ! a or x ! $a
Equation of the circle with center !h, k" and radius r:
%x% & a means $a & x & a
%x% ' a means x ' a or x & $a !x $ h"2 # ! y $ k"2 ! r 2

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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R E F E R E N C E PA G E 2

TRIGONOMETRY

Angle Measurement Fundamental Identities

! radians ! 180" 1 1
s csc # ! sec # !
r sin # cos #
! 180"
1" ! rad 1 rad ! ¨
180 ! sin # cos #
r tan # ! cot # !
s ! r# cos # sin #

"# in radians# 1
cot # ! sin 2# $ cos 2# ! 1
tan #
Right Angle Trigonometry 1 $ tan 2# ! sec 2# 1 $ cot 2# ! csc 2#
opp hyp
sin # ! csc # ! sin"%## ! %sin # cos"%## ! cos #
hyp opp hyp

$ %
opp
adj hyp ¨ !
cos # ! sec # ! tan"%## ! %tan # sin % # ! cos #
hyp adj 2
adj

$ % $ %
opp adj
tan # ! cot # ! ! !
adj opp cos % # ! sin # tan % # ! cot #
2 2

Trigonometric Functions
The Law of Sines B
y r y
sin # ! csc # ! sin A sin B sin C
r y ! !
a
(x, y) a b c
x r r
cos # ! sec # ! C
r x c
y x ¨
tan # ! cot # ! The Law of Cosines
x
x y b
a 2 ! b 2 $ c 2 % 2bc cos A

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions b 2 ! a 2 $ c 2 % 2ac cos B

y y y y=tan x c 2 ! a 2 $ b 2 % 2ab cos C A
y=sin x y=cos x
1 1
π 2π 2π Addition and Subtraction Formulas
x π 2π x π x sin"x $ y# ! sin x cos y $ cos x sin y
_1 _1 sin"x % y# ! sin x cos y % cos x sin y
cos"x $ y# ! cos x cos y % sin x sin y
y y=csc x y y=sec x y y=cot x cos"x % y# ! cos x cos y $ sin x sin y
tan x $ tan y
1 1 tan"x $ y# !
1 % tan x tan y
tan x % tan y
π 2π x π 2π x π 2π x tan"x % y# !
1 $ tan x tan y
_1 _1

Double-Angle Formulas
sin 2x ! 2 sin x cos x
Trigonometric Functions of Important Angles cos 2x ! cos 2x % sin 2x ! 2 cos 2x % 1 ! 1 % 2 sin 2x
# radians sin # cos # tan # 2 tan x
tan 2x !
0" 0 0 1 0 1 % tan2x
30" !!6 1!2 s3!2 s3!3
45" !!4 s2!2 s2!2 1 Half-Angle Formulas
60" !!3 s3!2 1!2 s3 1 % cos 2x 1 $ cos 2x
sin 2x ! cos 2x !
90" !!2 1 0 — 2 2

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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R E F E R E N C E PA G E 3

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
Cut here and keep for reference

Power Functions f !x" ! x a

(i) f !x" ! x n , n a positive integer y

y
y=x$
(1, 1)
y=x^ y=x#
y=≈
y=x%
(_1, 1) (1, 1)
0 x

0 x (_1, _1)

n even

n odd

(ii) f !x" ! x 1#n ! s

n
x , n a positive integer y y

(1, 1) (1, 1)
0 x 0 x

x
ƒ=œ„ ƒ=#œx„

1
(iii) f !x" ! x !1 ! y
x
y=∆

0 1 x

Inverse Trigonometric Functions y

π
2
" "
arcsin x ! sin!1x ! y &? sin y ! x and ! $y$
2 2 "
0 lim tan!1 x ! !
x l !% 2
x
arccos x ! cos!1x ! y &? cos y ! x and 0 $ y $ " "
lim tan!1 x !
xl% 2
" " _ π2
arctan x ! tan!1x ! y &? tan y ! x and ! #y#
2 2
y=tan–!x=arctan x

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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R E F E R E N C E PA G E 4

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions y

y=´
log a x ! y &? y
a !x
y=x

ln x ! log e x, where ln e ! 1

ln x ! y &? e y ! x 1 y=ln x
0
Cancellation Equations Laws of Logarithms 1 x

loga#a x $ ! x a log a x ! x 1. log a#xy$ ! log a x " log a y

ln#e x $ ! x e ln x ! x 2. loga !" x

y
! loga x ! loga y
lim e x ! 0
x l !$
lim e x ! $
xl$

3. loga#x r $ ! r loga x lim ln x ! !$ lim ln x ! $

x l 0" xl$

1 ® 1 ® y 10® 4® e® 2® y
”   ’
2 ”   ’
4
y=log™ x

1.5®
y=ln x
1 y=log∞ x
y=log¡¸ x
1®
0 1 x

0 x

Exponential functions Logarithmic functions

Hyperbolic Functions y
y=cosh x
e x ! e!x 1
sinh x ! csch x !
2 sinh x y=tanh x

e x " e!x 1
cosh x ! sech x ! x
2 cosh x

sinh x cosh x
tanh x ! coth x !
cosh x sinh x y=sinh x

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

y ! sinh!1x &? sinh y ! x sinh!1x ! ln( x " sx 2 " 1 )

y ! cosh!1x &? cosh y ! x and y#0 cosh!1x ! ln( x " sx 2 ! 1 )

y ! tanh!1x &? tanh y ! x tanh!1x ! 12 ln ! " 1"x

1!x

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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R E F E R E N C E PA G E 5

D I F F E R E N T I AT I O N R U L E S
Cut here and keep for reference

General Formulas
d d
1. !c" ! 0 2. &cf !x"' ! c f #!x"
dx dx
d d
3. & f !x" " t!x"' ! f #!x" " t#!x" 4. & f !x" ! t!x"' ! f #!x" ! t#!x"
dx dx

5.
d
dx
& f !x" t!x"' ! f !x" t#!x" " t!x" f #!x" (Product Rule) 6.
d
dx
$ % f !x"
t!x"
!
t!x" f #!x" ! f !x" t#!x"
& t!x"' 2
(Quotient Rule)

d d
7. f ! t!x"" ! f #! t!x"" t#!x" (Chain Rule) 8. !x n " ! nx n!1 (Power Rule)
dx dx

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

d d
9. !e x " ! e x 10. !a x " ! a x ln a
dx dx
d 1 d 1
11.
dx
ln x !# #
x
12.
dx
!log a x" !
x ln a

Trigonometric Functions
d d d
13. !sin x" ! cos x 14. !cos x" ! !sin x 15. !tan x" ! sec 2x
dx dx dx
d d d
16. !csc x" ! !csc x cot x 17. !sec x" ! sec x tan x 18. !cot x" ! !csc 2x
dx dx dx

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

d 1 d 1 d 1
19. !sin!1x" ! 20. !cos!1x" ! ! 21. !tan!1x" !
dx s1 ! x 2 dx s1 ! x 2 dx 1 " x2
d 1 d 1 d 1
22. !csc!1x" ! ! 23. !sec!1x" ! 24. !cot!1x" ! !
dx x sx 2 ! 1 dx x sx 2 ! 1 dx 1 " x2

Hyperbolic Functions
d d d
25. !sinh x" ! cosh x 26. !cosh x" ! sinh x 27. !tanh x" ! sech 2x
dx dx dx
d d d
28. !csch x" ! !csch x coth x 29. !sech x" ! !sech x tanh x 30. !coth x" ! !csch 2x
dx dx dx

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

d 1 d 1 d 1
31. !sinh!1x" ! 32. !cosh!1x" ! 33. !tanh!1x" !
dx s1 " x 2 dx sx 2 ! 1 dx 1 ! x2
d 1 d 1 d 1
34. !csch!1x" ! ! 35. !sech!1x" ! ! 36. !coth!1x" !
dx x sx 2 " 1 # # dx x s1 ! x 2 dx 1 ! x2

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Licensed to:
R E F E R E N C E PA G E 6

TA B L E O F I N T E G R A L S

Basic Forms

1. y u dv ! uv " y v du 11. y csc u cot u du ! "csc u ! C

12. y tan u du ! ln % sec u % ! C
yu
u n!1
2. n
du ! ! C, n " "1
n!1
13. y cot u du ! ln % sin u % ! C
y
du
3.
u
! ln u ! C % %
14. y sec u du ! ln % sec u ! tan u % ! C
4. ye u
du ! e u ! C
15. y csc u du ! ln % csc u " cot u % ! C
y
au
5. a u du ! !C
y sa
ln a du u
16. ! sin"1 ! C, a # 0
2 " u2 a
6. y sin u du ! "cos u ! C
ya
du 1 u
17. 2 2
! tan"1 ! C
y cos u du ! sin u ! C
!u a a
7.

y u su
du 1 u
18. ! sec"1 ! C
y sec u du ! tan u ! C
2 " a2 a a
8. 2

9. y csc2u du ! "cot u ! C
19. ya 2
du
" u2
!
1
2a
ln
u!a
u"a $ $ !C

10. y sec u tan u du ! sec u ! C 20. yu 2

du
" a2
!
1
2a
ln
u"a
u!a
$ $ !C

Forms Involving sa 2 ! u 2 , a # 0

y sa
u a2
21. 2 ! u 2 du ! sa 2 ! u 2 ! ln(u ! sa 2 ! u 2 ) ! C
2 2

yu
u 2 a4
22. 2
sa 2 ! u 2 du ! !a ! 2u 2 " sa 2 ! u 2 " ln(u ! sa 2 ! u 2 ) ! C
8 8

23. y
sa 2 ! u 2
u
du ! sa 2 ! u 2 " a ln
a ! sa 2 ! u 2
u
$ $ !C

y
sa 2 ! u 2 sa 2 ! u 2
24. du ! " ! ln(u ! sa 2 ! u 2 ) ! C
u2 u

y sa
du
25. ! ln(u ! sa 2 ! u 2 ) ! C
2 ! u2

y sa
u 2 du u a2
26. ! sa 2 ! u 2 " ln(u ! sa 2 ! u 2 ) ! C
2 !u 2 2 2

27. y u sa
du
2 ! u2
!"
1
a
ln $
sa 2 ! u 2 ! a
u $ !C

y u sa
du sa 2 ! u 2
28. !" !C
2 2 !u 2 a 2u

y !a
du u
29. ! 2 !C
2
! u 2 "3#2 a sa 2 ! u 2

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Licensed to:
R E F E R E N C E PA G E 7

TA B L E O F I N T E G R A L S
Cut here and keep for reference

Forms Involving sa 2 ! u 2 , a # 0

y sa
u a2 u
30. 2 ! u 2 du ! sa 2 ! u 2 " sin!1 " C
2 2 a

y u sa
u a4 u
31. 2 2 ! u 2 du ! !2u 2 ! a 2 " sa 2 ! u 2 " sin!1 " C
8 8 a

32. y
sa 2 ! u 2
u
du ! sa 2 ! u 2 ! a ln
a " sa 2 ! u 2
u % % "C

y
sa 2 ! u 2 1 u
33. du ! ! sa 2 ! u 2 ! sin!1 " C
u2 u a

y sa
u 2 du u a2 u
34. !! sa 2 ! u 2 " sin!1 " C
2 ! u2 2 2 a

35. y u sa
du
2 ! u2
!!
1
a
ln%a " sa 2 ! u 2
u % "C

y u sa
du 1
36. !! sa 2 ! u 2 " C
2 2 ! u2 a 2u

y !a
u 3a 4 u
37. 2
! u 2 "3#2 du ! ! !2u 2 ! 5a 2 "sa 2 ! u 2 " sin!1 " C
8 8 a

y !a
du u
38. ! 2 "C
2
! u 2 "3#2 a sa 2 ! u 2

Forms Involving su 2 ! a 2 , a # 0

y su
u a2
39. 2 ! a 2 du !
2
su 2 ! a 2 !
2 $
ln u " su 2 ! a 2 " C $
y u su
u a4
40. 2 2 ! a 2 du !
8
!2u 2 ! a 2 " su 2 ! a 2 !
8
ln u " su 2 ! a 2 " C $ $
y
su 2 ! a 2 a
41. du ! su 2 ! a 2 ! a cos!1 "C
u u $ $
y
su ! a 2
su ! a 2 2 2
42.
u2
du ! !
u
" ln u " su 2 ! a 2 " C $ $
y su
du
43.
2 ! a2 $
! ln u " su 2 ! a 2 " C $
y su
u 2 du u a2
44.
2 ! a2
!
2
su 2 ! a 2 "
2 $
ln u " su 2 ! a 2 " C $
y u su
du su 2 ! a 2
45. ! "C
2 2 !a 2 a 2u

y !u
du u
46. !! "C
2
! a 2 "3#2 a su 2 ! a 2
2

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Licensed to:
R E F E R E N C E PA G E 8

TA B L E O F I N T E G R A L S

Forms Involving a ! bu

y a ! bu ! b
u du 1
47. 2
(a ! bu " a ln ) a ! bu )) ! C

y a ! bu ! 2b [!a ! bu"
2
u du 1
48. 3
2
" 4a!a ! bu" ! 2a 2 ln a ! bu ) )] ! C

49. y u!a ! bu" ! a ln

du 1
' u
a ! bu ' !C

50. y u !a ! bu" ! " au ! a

2
du 1 b
2
ln ' a ! bu
u ' !C

y !a ! bu"
u du a 1
51. 2
!
b 2!a ! bu"
! 2 ln a ! bu ! C
b ) )

52. y u!a ! bu"

du
2 !
1
a!a ! bu"
1
" 2 ln
a
a ! bu
u ' ' !C

53. y !a ! bu"
u 2 du
2
!
1
b3
( a ! bu "
a2
a ! bu
" 2a ln a ! bu ) *
) !C

y u sa ! bu du ! 15b
2
54. 2 !3bu " 2a"!a ! bu"3$2 ! C

y sa ! bu ! 3b
u du 2
55. 2
!bu " 2a" sa ! bu ! C

y sa ! bu ! 15b
u 2 du 2
56. 3
!8a 2 ! 3b 2u 2 " 4abu" sa ! bu ! C

57. y u sa ! bu ! sa ln
du 1
' sa ! bu " sa
sa ! bu ! sa
'
! C, if a $ 0

!
s"a
2
tan"1 & a ! bu
"a
! C, if a # 0

y y u sa ! bu
sa ! bu du
58. du ! 2 sa ! bu ! a
u

y y u sa ! bu
sa ! bu sa ! bu b du
59. du ! " !
u2 u 2

60. y u sa ! bu du ! b!2n ! 3"

n 2
# u n!a ! bu"3$2 " na yu n"1
sa ! bu du %
y sa ! bu ! y sa ! bu
u n du 2u nsa ! bu 2na u n"1 du
61. "
b!2n ! 1" b!2n ! 1"

y u sa ! bu ! " a!n " 1"u yu

du sa ! bu b!2n " 3" du
62. "
sa ! bu
n"1
n 2a!n " 1" n"1

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Licensed to:
R E F E R E N C E PA G E 9

TA B L E O F I N T E G R A L S
Cut here and keep for reference

Trigonometric Forms

y sin u du ! y cot u du ! n ! 1 cot y cot

1 !1
63. 2
2 u ! 14 sin 2u " C 76. n n!1
u! n!2
u du

64. y cos u du !
2 1
2 u " 14 sin 2u " C
77. y sec u du ! n ! 1 tan u sec
n
1 n!2
u"
n!2
n!1 y sec n!2
u du

65. y tan u du ! tan u ! u " C

2

y csc u du ! n ! 1 cot u csc y csc

!1 n!2
78. n n!2
u" n!2
u du
n!1
66. y cot u du ! !cot u ! u " C
2

y sin au sin bu du !
sin!a ! b"u sin!a " b"u
79. ! "C
y sin u du ! ! !2 " sin u" cos u " C
1 2!a ! b" 2!a " b"
67. 3
3
2

y cos au cos bu du !
sin!a ! b"u sin!a " b"u
80. "C
y cos u du !
"
68. 3 1
3 !2 " cos u" sin u " C
2 2!a ! b" 2!a " b"

y sin au cos bu du ! !
cos!a ! b"u cos!a " b"u
69. y tan u du !
3 1
2 #
tan 2u " ln cos u " C # 81.
2!a ! b"
!
2!a " b"
"C

70. y cot u du ! !
3 1
2 #
cot 2u ! ln sin u " C # 82. y u sin u du ! sin u ! u cos u " C
71. y sec u du !
3 1
2 #
sec u tan u " 12 ln sec u " tan u " C # 83. y u cos u du ! cos u " u sin u " C
72. y csc u du ! !
3 1
2 #
csc u cot u " 12 ln csc u ! cot u " C # 84. yu n
sin u du ! !u n cos u " n yu n!1
cos u du

y sin u du ! ! n sin y sin

1 n!1
73.
yu yu
n n!1 n!2
u cos u " u du 85. n
cos u du ! u n sin u ! n n!1
sin u du
n

y cos u du ! n cos y cos

1 n!1
y sin u cos u du ! ! y sin
74. n n!1
u sin u " n!2
u du sin n!1u cos m"1u n!1
86. n m
" n!2
u cosmu du
n n"m n"m

y tan u du ! n ! 1 tan y tan y sin u cos

1 sin n"1u cos m!1u m!1 n m!2
75. n n!1
u! n!2
u du ! " u du
n"m n"m

Inverse Trigonometric Forms

y sin y u tan
u2 " 1 u
87. !1
u du ! u sin!1u " s1 ! u 2 " C 92. !1
u du ! tan!1u ! " C
2 2

y cos
88. u du ! u cos!1u ! s1 ! u 2 " C
$ %
!1

yu y s1 ! u
1 u n"1 du
93. n
sin!1u du ! u n"1 sin!1u ! , n " !1
n"1 2

89. y tan !1
u du ! u tan!1u ! 12 ln!1 " u 2 " " C

90. y u sin u du !
!1
2u 2 ! 1
4
sin!1u "
u s1 ! u 2
4
"C
94. yu n
cos!1u du !
1
n"1
$ u n"1 cos!1u " y s1 ! u
u n"1 du
2
% , n " !1

91. y u cos !1
u du !
2u 2 ! 1
4
cos!1u !
u s1 ! u 2
4
"C 95. yu n
tan!1u du !
1
n"1
$ u n"1 tan!1u ! y
u n"1 du
1 " u2
%
, n " !1

Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
Licensed to:
R E F E R E N C E PA G E 1 0

TA B L E O F I N T E G R A L S

Exponential and Logarithmic Forms

y ue y ln u du ! u ln u ! u " C
1
96. au
du ! !au ! 1"e au " C 100.
a2

yue yu yu
1 n au n u n"1
97. n au
du ! u e ! n!1 au
e du 101. n
ln u du ! &!n " 1" ln u ! 1' " C
a a !n " 1"2

ye y u ln u du ! ln % ln u % " C
e au 1
98. au
sin bu du ! !a sin bu ! b cos bu" " C 102.
a " b2
2

ye
e au
99. au
cos bu du ! !a cos bu " b sin bu" " C
a " b2
2

Hyperbolic Forms

103. y sinh u du ! cosh u " C 108. y csch u du ! ln % tanh u % " C 1

2

104. y cosh u du ! sinh u " C 109. y sech u du ! tanh u " C

2

105. y tanh u du ! ln cosh u " C 110. y csch u du ! !coth u " C

2

106. y coth u du ! ln % sinh u % " C 111. y sech u tanh u du ! !sech u " C

107. y sech u du ! tan % sinh u % " C !1

112. y csch u coth u du ! !csch u " C

Forms Involving s2au ! u 2 , a # 0

113. y s2au ! u 2 du !
u!a
2
s2au ! u 2 "
a2
2
cos!1
a!u
a
# $ "C

114. y u s2au ! u 2 du !
2u 2 ! au ! 3a 2
6
s2au ! u 2 "
a3
2
cos!1
a!u
a
# $ "C

115. y
s2au ! u 2
u
du ! s2au ! u 2 " a cos!1
a!u
a
# $ "C

116. y
s2au ! u 2
u2
du ! !
2 s2au ! u 2
u
! cos!1
a!u
a
# $ "C

117. y s2au ! u
du
2
! cos!1 # $ a!u
a
"C

118. y s2au ! u
u du
2
! !s2au ! u 2 " a cos!1 # $a!u
a
"C

119. y s2au ! u
u 2 du
2
!!
!u " 3a"
2
s2au ! u 2 "
3a 2
2
cos!1
a!u
a
# $ "C

y u s2au ! u
du s2au ! u 2
120. !! "C
2 au

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