GUARDIANS BONA FIDE for HOPE FOUNDATION INC.

SCHOOL
College of Criminology

Factors Affecting Traffic In The Barangay Timbao City Of Binan Laguna… a study

A Thesis Presented to the faculty of the College of Criminology

Guardians Bona Fide for Hope and Foundation Inc. School

In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the

Degree Bachelor of Science in Criminology

Submitted by:
Cantuba, John Paul M.
Casunuran, Joko M.
Galoso, Vincent B.
Sunaz, Christian Angel P.

Date:
October 2019
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Adelina 3. Brgy Sto.Tomas City of Binan Laguna
COLLEGE OF CRIMINOLGY

Date: September 19, 2019

Hon. Rolando Bayla
Brgy. Captain
Brgy. Timbao Binan City, Laguna
Dear Ma`amm/Sir:
Greetings!
The undersigned are 4rt year student taking up B.S Criminology at the Guardians
Bona Fide for Hope and Foundation Inc. School, is presently conducting a research
entitled ”FACTORS AFFECTING TRAFFIC IN THE BRGY.TIMBAO CITY OF BINAN
LAGUNA…A STUDY”
In view of above, they are respectfully requesting your kindest assistance to
allow them to conduct and to float survey questionnaires relative to the topic of the
study.
Rest assured that the response that woukd be provided by your office shall be
treated with outmost confidentially,
Thank you very much.
Respectfully yours,
Researches,
Cantuba, John Paul M.
Galoso, Vincent B.
Sunaz, Christian Angel P.
Noted by:
Mr. Ernesto Caberte
Adviser
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APPROVAL SHEET

The Thesis Entitled “FACTORS AFFECTING TRAFFIC IN THE BRGY. TIMBAO CITY
OF BINAN LAGUNA…A STUDY” prepared and submitted by CANTUBA, JOHN
PAUL M CASUNURAN, JOKO M GALOSO, VINCENT B SUNAZ, CHRISTIAN
ANGEL P. in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Bachelor of Science in
Criminology is hereby approved and accepted

ERNESTO CABERTE
Adviser

Member, Oral Defense Panel Member, Oral Defense Panel

Chairman, Oral Defense Panel

Accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science in

Criminology at Guardians Bona FIDE FOR HOPE AND FOUNDATION INC. SCHOOL.

Jimmy S. Guban
Dean, College of Criminology
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ACKNOLEDGEMENT
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THESIS ABSTRACT

TITLE: FACTORS AFFECTING TRAFFIC IN THE

BRGY.TIMBAO CITY OF BINAN LAGUNA… A STUDY

AUTHORS: CANTUBA, JOHN PAUL M.

CASUNURAN, JOKO M.
GALOSO, VINCENT B.
SUNAZ, CHRISTIAN ANGEL P.

ADVISER: ERNESTO CABERTE

DEGREE: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

ADRESS: BLOCK 3 LOT 33-34 PHASE 3 ADELINA 3 BRGY.

STO.TOMAS CITY OF BINAN LAGUNA

NAME OF INSTITUTE: GUARDIANS BONA FIDE FOR HOPE AND

FOUNDATION INC. SCHOOL

DATE: OCTOBER 2019

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College of Criminology

TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Traffic congestion is one of the most issues in the big cities around the world. It
can affect the time not only for the drivers but also for others commuters. Commuters is
refers to a person who travels some distance to work on a regular basis. Driver is refers
to a person whether professional or non-professional, they can affect the traffic if he or
she is not observant of traffic laws and regulation as well as his careless in driving.

Traffic Congestion is a condition on transport that use as increase, and

characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing.
When traffic demand is great enough that the interaction between vehicles slows the
speed of the traffic stream, this result in some congestion. Congestion is one of the
problem involving road. The effect of traffic congestion related to delays inability to
estimate travel times As demand approach the capacity of road or of the intersections
along the road, extreme traffic congestion will sets in. When a vehicles are fully stopped
for periods of time, this is also known as traffic jam or traffic snarl-up. Traffic congestion
can lead to drivers becoming frustrated and engaging in road rage.

Managing Urban Traffic Congestion Report (2007) stated that traffic congestion
refers to physical phenomenon related to behavior or situations that prevent the
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movement of vehicles to each other in order to get limited space on the road to
achieving maximum capacity. Congestion also refers to the phenomenon in relation to
the expected performance of the service road system and can occur every day at the
same time at a specific location that is referred to as recurrent congestion or accidents
during road maintenance or availability of any non-recurring congestion

Normally, congestion occurs when the road system cannot accommodate

the volume of traffic at a reasonable speed, there is a conflict between various types of
traffic such as cars, trucks, buses or pedestrians and traffic control are not used
efficiently. Convergence path, decreasing capacity of a sudden, that movement is stuck
or increased friction also lead to increased traffic congestion (Rahim F. Ray 1997

In addition, according to Daniel Mohamed (1993), congestion occurs due to the

long queue along the way and the vehicle cannot move smoothly due certain obstacles.
Among the forms of barriers that exist are a crossroads and traffic lights that affect
delay, accidents, floods as well as road maintenance.

Apart from that, Bruton (1982) stated that, traffic congestion can cause
discomfort and emotional problems (anger, worry and stress of mind) that can interfere
with a drivers concentrations on the road and causing accidents. The density of vehicles
movements can also cause the gathering of pollutants from the exhaust of vehicles in
the city area. The density of vehicular movement occurs when people have the same
destinations.
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In additions, the lack of systematic traffic route that lead conflict between
pedestrians and motor vehicles, and between vehicles and the vehicles itself could also
cause congestion to happen.

Traffic problems including accidents, congestion and pollution are some of the
most emerging social problem in the world. They result in needless injuries and entails
long term health hazards and erosion of quality of life. The most effective way to
alleviate congestions is to construct the alternative roads, but it becomes difficult to do
so because of ever rising land expenses and constrained downtown areas (Turner
2008) Cities and other urban places continue to grow up and developed. Their places
growth how vary significantly among them and over the time according to their innate
and deliberate capacities to accommodate influx of social and economic activities.
Capacities of cities are not fixed over time. This means that a city which is adjudged as
exemplary today may not be the same tomorrow and the years to come unless it
carefully upgrades its capacities every so often to keep up with the challenges of the
time. The measure of capacity should then be seen as dynamic and progressive,
though some cities enjoy some good reputation for an outstanding performance in the
past that they are no longer thoroughly scrutinized for their actual current level
capacities. This is scary as its breeds a lulling effect which could turn to mediocrity.

The city of Binan is one of the areas in the Philippines that has many workers,
according to the 2015 cencus, it has a population of 333,028 people and behalf of those
people owning a vehicle.
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For us in the Philippines, the most common problem about traffic congestion are
deteriorating physical upkeep of road network and signage, negative behavior and lack
of discipline among drivers and motorists, and the non-enforcement of traffic rules. In
holistic approach, there is more to mere responding to the common notion.

We have to go directly to the very nature of problem: there are traffic

congestions primarily because there are more commuters and motorist passing through
particular line than what these static road facilities could provide accommodate. Thus,
the
simple solution is either to reduce traffic volume in congestion points or increase the
service capacity of road facilities, or both. The reduction of traffic volume is a function of
the location of economic and social activities as well as of the availability of alternative
traffic routes from trip origins to destinations. The service capacities of road facilities, on
the other hand are determined by how we maximize the use of road assets.

The researches choose City Of Binan Laguna as the le local government unit to
conduct an assessment towards on factors affecting traffic in the chosen place, the
barangay of Timbao which is the main objective is to give better or suitable solution to
improve the traffic management within the area and for it to help others in the near
future.
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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This study on the theory of casualty as espoused by the Greek

philosopher Aristotle (Webster,2000)
Casualty is the relationship between an event (the cause) and second event
(the effect), where the second event is understood as a consequences of the first.
In common usage, causality is also the relationship between a set of factors (causes)
and the phenomenon (the effect). Anything that affects an effect is a factor of that effect.

A direct factor is a factor that affects an effect directly, that is, without any
intervening factors. (Intervening factors are sometimes called “intermediate factors”.)
The connection between cause(s) and an effect in this way can also be referred to as a
casual nexus.
Though the causes and effect are typically related to changes or events,
candidates include objects, processes, properties, variables, facts, and states
characterizing the casual relationship can be the subject of much debate.
The philosophical treatment on the subject of casualty extends over the
millennia. In the Western philosophical tradition, discussion stretches back at least to
Aristotle, and the topic remains a staple in contemporary pholosopy.(Translate by
Ross,2009) and (Olivares, Ordona, Ugala 2013)
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RESEARCH PARADIGM

The operational model of this study showing the Factors or Causes Affecting
Traffic in the Barangay Timbao City of BInan Laguna and the suggestions may be given
to improve traffic management and to facilitate the safe and rapid movements of
vehicles and pedestrians so that the inconvenience danger and economic losses arising
from movements congestion delay and stopping and parking must be lessen.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study determined the Factors Affecting Traffic in the Barangay Timbao City of
Binan, Laguna. Specially, this thesis is expected to answer the following questions:

1. What are the causes or factors affecting traffic in the Barangay Timbao City of Binan,
Laguna?

2. What is the impact of traffic congestion in the Barangay Timbao City of Binan,
Laguna by commuters and drivers?

3. What suggestions may be given to improve traffic management in the Barangay

Timbao City of Binan, Laguna?
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SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The investigation was conducted to determine the causes or factors affecting

traffic and the suggestion to improve traffic management in a particular place.

General Purpose: To determine the factors or causes affecting traffic in a

particular place.
.
Subject Matter: Factors Affecting Traffic in the Barangay Timbao City of Binan Laguna.

Population or Universe: Community in the Binan City, Laguna

Locale of Study: Barangay Timbao City of Binan Laguna

Period of Study: Year 2019 – 2020

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SIGNIGIFANCE OF THE STUDY

This study would benefits various groups in terms of factors or causes of

heavy traffic.

Drivers they would be able to determine the causes or factors of heavy traffic in the
Barangay Timbao City of Binan Laguna and probably come up with strategies to avoid
them particular matter.

Commuters they would be able to avoid being victim of vehicular accidents by

observing certain safety measures and precautions. Invariability, the commuters and
also pedestrians becomes a victim due to his disregarding traffic signals, ignorance of
traffic regulations that lead to cause a traffic.

Traffic Enforcers they would be able to improve traffic management in the said
barangay and they will be able to minimize traffic congestion by putting pedestrians and
commuters in the proper loading and unloading areas.

General Reading Public they would learn the causes of traffic in a particular place and
impacts of heavy traffic on their socioeconomic life.
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DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

For the better understanding of the discussions of this research paper, the
following terms we defined both conceptually and operationally.

Traffic refers to the movement of vehicles or pedestrians along road streets, parking
Areas and highway (Knight, 1952)

Traffic Management is an exclusive function such as planning, organizing, and

directing, supervising, coordinating, operating, and budgeting traffic affairs. It
also refers of to all agencies having responsibilities for ascertaining traffic flow
requirements, such as planning, approving, funding constructions and/or maintaining
public facilities for such movement. ( Valdueza, 2012)

Traffic Law Enforcement refers to the implementation of laws or ordinances rules and
regulations governing traffic along the highway, road, street, including use of ownership
(Zaal, 1994)

Traffic Congestions is a condition on transport that use as increase, and

characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing.
( Downie, 2008)
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N
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