LESSION 1

Present Perfect:
Have you… (Que has), I have seen (Yo he visto)
What have you?

Examples Present Perfect:

Have you travel lately?
Have you tried cooking Indian food? (Despues del verbo Tried  Se utiliza en ING)
Have you tried to assemble puzzle? (Despues del verbo Tried  Se utiliza TO y luego verbo
normal)
I am assembling puzzle of 1.000 thousand pieces.

Examples Past Perfect

I had seen (Yo había visto)
I noticed that I had forgotten my wallet (Yo note que yo habia olvidado mi billetera)
I started to work before I had graduated. ( yo empece a trabajar antes de que yo hubiera
graduado).

Compound verbs (Two or three word)  Necesitan siempre de un noun

- Pick up (recoger): I pick up the parent or I pick the parent up
Where? …. I have to pick them at the airport.
- Fill in (llenar): I fill in a (exam, resume, gaps) or I fill the exam in
What form? ….
- Drop up
- Put in (soportar)
- Take in (aceptar a alguien en tu casa)
- Take down (Bajar)
- Give back (Devolver)
-Take over = take control (tomar el control)
-Far fetched =Descabellado

Example Compuest verbs

Have you ever plan a party? (Alguna vez has planeado una fiesta)
Yes, I have.
The last weekend, my family and I organized a party for my cousin, because she goes to travel
to Paris for two year to study. She is going to start master degree in France.
Did you remember … ¿How are you planned the party?
The cake was ordered by application and brought to the house.
He drops it up. (Trajeron esto)
I printed the goodbye´s letter.
When the party finally, we take down the lights.
We divided the task (tareas) between us.
Reference
Everyone = Todo el mundo
Everybody= Todos
Something= Algunas (os) cosas
Somebody= Alguna persona
Someone=Alguien
Anybody= Nadie /cualquier persona (¿? or Negative)  Cuando no estas seguro
Anyone= Ninguno
Anything= Cualquier cosa
No one=Ninguno
Nobody=Nadie (persona)
Nothing=Nada

Time Words
Before (Antes) Ever
After (Despues) Never
Since (desde y la fecha) As soon as ( Tan pronto como)
Yet (Ya, aun) Lately (Recientemente)
Already Suddenly (Repentinamente)
Just
So far (hasta el momento)

Example Time Words

Have you ever been to Choco?
No, I haven´t
Would you like to?
How long have you work as a teacher?
Have you study France before?
Yes, I have.
Have you seen the infinitive (infinitif)
word?
Have you taken the exam yet?
I have taken the exam last year

Possessives
Domino´s (De domino)
Who´s board is this?
It´s Sofia´s / this is her / Her board.
Pertenencia (mio,
Mi – Tu – Su- Voz Pasiva
Traducing tuyo, suyo, Mismos
Nuestro (migo, daselo)
nuestro)
I My Me (migo) Mine Myself
You Your You Yours Yourself
She Her Her Hers Herself
He His Him His Himself
 It Its It Its Itself
We Our Us Our Ourselves
They Their Them Theirs Themselves

Examples Possessives
Give them to book (Dales el libro)
Their flowers are blue (Sus flores son azules)
This is his eraser (este es su borrador)
Whose bike is that? His (Suya)
Pronoun Reflexives and Examples

Traducing (…Mismos) Example

I Myself I wrote this book myself
You Yourself You will hurt (herir) yourself with that knife (cuchillo)
She Herself She burned (quemo) herself in the kitchen
He Himself He looked at himself in the mirror
It Itself The bird threw (arrojar) itself into the water
We Ourselves We can finish the project ourselves
They Themselves The boys bought (compraron) themselves a dog

Pronoun Relatives and Examples

Traducing Example
(Que, el que, la que, los
The letter that came (que llego) yesterday
That que, las que) Personas
The man than came to our house
y Cosas
I know what you´re thinking (yo se lo que tu estas
What (lo que)
pensando)
(Que, lo que, el cual, lo
The car which is in the garage (El carro que esta en el
Which cual, la cual, los cuales)
garaje)
Cosas
(Que, quién, el cual, lo The man who knew too much (El hombre que sabia
Who cual, los cuales) demasiado)
Personas This is the man who wrote the book
(A quien, al cual, a la
The girl whom we saw is nancy (La chica a quien nosotros
Whom cual, a los cuales)
vimos es Nancy)
Personas
The family whose house we stayed in (La familia en cuya
(cuyo, cuya, cuyos,
casa estuvimos)
Whose cuyas) Personas
Whose book is this? (De quien es este libro)
Questions = De quien?
The woman whose daughter is nice ( la mujer cuya hija
 es agradable)
Questions
Wh Translate Example
Who is that boy?
Who Quien? (P) Who is eating an apple?
Who opened the door?
Whom did you see?
Whom A Quién? (P)
Whom did you get my number?
De quién? (Quien es el dueño de Whose is the rubber (goma)?
Whose
algo) Whose bike is this?
Where do you live?
Where Donde? (C,L) Where is the school?
Where do you work?
What is this?
What Que? Cuál? (P,A,C)
What is your favorite food?
What time do you study English?
What time A qué hora?
What time did you see the movie?
What kind of juice do you like?
What kind Qué tipo? (C)
What kind of music will have you heard?
When is your birthday?
When Cuando? (T)
When will to the wedding?
Why are you happy?
Why Por qué? (Razón de algo)
Why do you like the dogs?
Which color is he painting (pintando)?
Which Qué? Cual? Cuales? Which one (cuál) do you prefer?
Which color do you want?
How does this?
How Cómo? (Como lo haces)
How do you go to work?
How many brothers do you have?
How many Cuanto (Tangible)
How many cars are there?
How much money do you have?
How much Cuanto (Intangible)
How much is this shirt (blusa)? It´s $15
How long will it take (tardará)?
How long Cuanto tiempo? (T)
How long did you stay here?
How often do you go to the gym?
How Often Con qué frecuencia? (T)
How often do you want TV?
How far is your office?
How far Hasta donde? Qué tan lejos?
How far is Colombia from Panama?
P=Personas A=Animales C=Cosas L=Lugar T=Tiempo

Speak – Tell – Say

Speak:
Tell: Contar algo,
Say: Para reportar algo que alguien dice
Wish: Desear a alguien