DISCUSSION

The purpose of this experiment are to study level measurement and calibration and to
investigate the relationship between level and temperature. There are two types of measurement
between open and closed tank. For this particular experiment, there are four conditions to
compare the reading between the direct and indirect measurement. . These conditions are tank T1
as open tank heater on and lastly T1 as closed tank and heater on. Each condition is run 5 times
with each run having two sets of reading to obtain an average reading. Based on the result,
looking at only run 1 table 1, 2 and 3 it shows that the condition where tank T1 as closed tank
and heater on has the highest reading difference between the level indicator of the front panel(LI)
which is the direct measurement with the sight glass with millimeter scale (LG) which is indirect
measurement. . When heater is off, there is pressure in tank still exist but is not in excited state.

As for Table 1 : Level Measurement (Tank T1 as OPEN tank Heater OFF), we conducted
the experiment 2 times in each run. For all RUN, we measured two consecutive set of readings of
actual level (LI) and temperature (TG). For RUN I, the average of actual level (LI) is 706.2
mm.,and the temperature (TG) is 31°C. We calculated the value of deviation B- C by using
equation given and the average values that we got 6.2 mm. While for RUN II, the average value
of temperature are same as RUN I. The average value for actual Level (LI) is 607.7 mm and the
average of deviation is 7.7 mm . Then for RUN III, the average of actual level (LI) IS 508.5 mm
and the average of deviation is 8.5 mm. For RUN IV, actual level (LI) 406.5 mm and the average
of deviation is 6.5 mm. For RUN V, the average of actual level (LI) 307.2 mm and the average
of deviation is 7.2 mm. Lastly, we can say that RUN 1 has the highest level measurement.

As for Table 2 : Level Measurement (T1 as CLOSED tank Heater OFF). For RUN I, the
average temperature (TG) is 31 °C and the actual level (LI) is 705.8 mm.. The average of
deviation is 5.8 For RUN II, the average results for temperature (TG) is 31 °C, actual level (LI)
is 605.9 mm and the average of deviation is 5.9 mm. For RUN III, average of actual level (LI)
508.5 mm and the average of deviation is 8.5 mm. For RUN IV, average actual level (LI) is
406.5 mm and average of deviation is 6.5 mm. Lastly, for RUN V, average actual level (LI)
307.2 mm and average of deviation is 7.2 mm.
 As for Table 3 : Level Measurement (T1 as OPEN tank Heater ON). For RUN I, the
average temperature (TG) is 31 °C and the actual level (LI) is 705.8 mm.. The average of
deviation is 5.8 For RUN II, the average results for temperature (TG) is 31 °C, actual level (LI)
is 612.1 mm and the average of deviation is 12.1 mm. For RUN III, average of actual level (LI)
510.3 mm and the average of deviation is 10.3 mm. For RUN IV, average actual level (LI) is
415.3 mm and average of deviation is 15.3 mm. Lastly, for RUN V, average actual level (LI)
318.4 mm and average of deviation is 18.4 mm.

As for Table 4 : Level Measurement (T1 as CLOSED tank Heater ON). For RUN I, the
average temperature (TG) is 49°C and the actual level (LI) is 693.1 mm.. The average of
deviation is 6.9 For RUN II, the average results for temperature (TG) is 49 °C, actual level (LI)
is 609.3 mm and the average of deviation is 9.3 mm. For RUN III, average of actual level (LI)
510.2 mm and the average of deviation is 10.2 mm. For RUN IV, average actual level (LI) is
410.5 mm and average of deviation is 10.5 mm. Lastly, for RUN V, average actual level (LI)
306.3 mm and average of deviation is 6.3 mm.

Lastly. the theory that if it is a closed tank, changes of gas pressure will cause a charge in
transmitter output, pressure exerted by the gas phase maybe so high that the hydrostatic pressure
become insignificants. From the result it shows that the two condition which T1 as closed tank
gives larger difference that T1 as open tank because of pressure rise. This is due to atmospheric
pressure in open tank while in closed tank only pressure exists inside the tank. In open tank, the
vapour being released from the chamber while closed tank is vapours being released and
maintains its pressure. There are some errors in this experiments which are, the reading were not
accurately recorded. The next error is, the time taken for next reading are not constant, and the
temperature is affected by surrounding temperature.