UNIT-III

1. Probability of getting an even number when a die is rolled is ______ .

2. Let 𝑆 be a sample space with three events {𝑥1 , 𝑥2 , 𝑥3 } with 𝑃(𝑥1 ) = 1/3, 𝑃(𝑥2 ) = 1/3,
𝑃(𝑥3 ) = 1/6. Are these probabilities permissible?
3. Probability of throwing 9 with two dice is ______ .
4. A pair of dice is rolled and one die showed five. The probability that the other will also
show five is ______ .
5. From a pack of cards when a card is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting
spade ace?
6. From a pack of cards when a card is selected at random, what is the probability of selecting
a king ?
7. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are mutually exclusive events, then 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = ______ .
8. If 𝑆 is the sample space of a random experiment, then 𝑃(𝑆) = ______.
9. The probability that 𝐴 happens is 1/3. The odds against happening of 𝐴 are ______ .
10. The odds in favour of an event 𝐴 are 5 to 4. The probability of happening of 𝐴 is ______ .
11. The probability that a non-leap year should have 53 Sundays is ______ .
12. The probability that a leap year will have 53 Saturdays is ______ .
13. The probability of getting 1 or 3 or 5 from a throw of single dice is ______ .
14. Maximum value of probability of any event is ______ .
15. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two events such that 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 3/4, 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 1/4, 𝑃( 𝐴̅) = 2/3
then 𝑃(𝐴) = ______ .
16. If 𝐴 and 𝐵 are two independent events, then 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = ______ .
17. The probability that in the month of February 2020, there will be five Mondays is ______ .
18. Define sample space. Give an example of a sample space.
19. What do you mean by an event? Give an example of an event.
20. Define conditional event.
21. Explain conditional probability.
22. What is a sure event?
23. An event is said to be impossible if _______.
24. Can we have two events 𝐴 and 𝐵 in a sample space such that 𝑃(𝐴) = 3/4, 𝑃(𝐵) = 1/2
and 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 1/8 ?
25. Let 𝐴 and 𝐵 be two events such that 𝑃(𝐴) = 3/4, 𝑃(𝐵) = 3/10 and 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 2/5.
Are they independent events?

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 Five mark questions
1. Three cards are drawn from a pack of cards. Find the probability of getting
a. 3 spades b. 2 spades and 1 diamond c. all of them are of different suits.
2. What is the probability of getting two aces if we draw two cards from a pack of cards
a. with replacement b. without replacement.
3. A problem in statistics is given to three students X, Y and Z whose chances of solving it are
1/2, 1/3 and 1/4 respectively. What is the probability that the problem will be solved.
4. A can hit a target 3 times in 5 shots, B 2 times in 5 shots and C 3 times in 4 shots. If they
fire together what is the probability that
a. two shots hit
b. atleast two shots hit?
5. Two cards are selected at random from 10 cards numbered 1 to 10. Find the probability that
the sum is odd if
a. the two cards are drawn together.
b. two cards are drawn one after the other without replacement.
6. Given 𝑃(𝐴) = 1/3 , 𝑃(𝐵) = 1/4 , 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 1/2 compute the probabilities 𝑃(𝐴/𝐵) ,
𝑃(𝐵/𝐴), 𝑃(𝐴/𝐵′ ), 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ′ ) and 𝑃(𝐴′/𝐵 ).
7. When a card is drawn randomly from a pack of cards, what is the probability that the drawn
card is either an ace or a spade?
8. Three students A, B, C are in a running race. A and B have the same probability of winning
and each is twice as likely to win as C. Find the probability that A or C wins.
9. A bag contains 5 white, 3 black and 2 green marbles. In each draw a marble is drawn and
not replaced. In three draws, find the probability of obtaining white, black and green in that
order.
10. Given that the two numbers appearing on throwing two dice are different, find the
probability of the event `the sum of numbers on the dice is 4’.

Ten mark questions

11. a) State and prove addition theorem of probability.

b) A bag contains ten blue and ten red balls. Find the probability of drawing two balls of
the same colour, when we draw two balls simultaneously from the bag.
12. There are two groups of subjects. One of which consists of 5 science and 3 engineering
subjects and the second one consists of 4 science and 4 engineering subjects. An unbiased
die is rolled. If a multiple of 3 turns up, a subject is selected at random from the first
group, otherwise a subject is selected from the second group randomly. What is the
probability that an engineering subject is selected ultimately?

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 13. Three groups of children contain respectively 3 girls and 1 boy; 2 girls and 2 boys; 1 girl
and 3 boys. One child is selected at random from each group. What is the probability of
selecting 1 girl and 2 boys?
14. State and prove Bayes theorem. An insurance company has insured 2000 scooter
drivers, 4000 car drivers and 6000 truck drivers. The probabilities of accidents are 0.01,
0.03 and 0.15 respectively. What is the probability that an insured person will meet with an
accident?
15. There are two machines in a factory. The probability that machine A will perform as usual
in 5 years time is 1/4 while the probability that that the other machine B will perform as
usual in 5 years time is 1/3. Find the probability, in the following cases, that in 5 years
time
a. both machines will be performing as usual
b. neither will be operating
c. only machine B will be performing
d. atleast one of the machines will be operating.
16. Two players A and B take turns in throwing two dice. The first to throw 10 will be declared
winner. If A has the first throw, show that their chances of winning are in the ratio 12:11.
17. Three urns contain 6 blue, 4 red; 4 blue, 6 red; 5 blue, 5 red balls respectively. One of the
urns is selected at random and a ball is drawn from it. What is the probability that the
drawn ball is of blue colour? Further, if the ball drawn is red what is the probability that it
is drawn from the
a. first urn
b. second urn
c. third urn.
18. A doctor is to visit a patient. From the past experience, it is known that the probabilities
that he will come by a train, bus, scooter or by other means of transport are 0.3, 0.2, 0.1,
and 0.4 respectively. The probabilities that he will be late are 1/4, 1/3 and 1/12 if he comes
by train, bus and scooter respectively, but if he comes by other means of transport he will
never be late. What is the probability that he will be arriving late? When he arrives, if he is
late, what is the probability that he comes by
i. train?
ii. bus? iii scooter?
iii. other means ?

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