RBI PHASE 1 RECAP

6th JULY ‘18

REASONING- INPUT AND OUTPUT

 INPUT AND OUTPUT

INTRODUCTION

In these questions, INPUT data is converted into OUTPUT through a few systematic steps. In
the directions for these questions, an example (to show how a given input is transformed into
a designed output) will be given. The input is a string of elements ( these elements can be
alphabet or numbers or words or any combination of these), which is processed through a few
methodical steps and transformed into the designed ( pre-defined order of elements) output.
Now, let us analyze the two important phrases used in the above paragraph, viz. desired order
of output and methodic
 INPUT AND OUTPUT

DESIRED ORDER OF OUTPUT

The form in which the final output is required, is pre-defined. The following are the most
commonly followed arrangement of elements in the output.
if the elements are numbers
1.ascending order
2.desending order
B) if the elements are letters
1.alphabetical order
2. reverse alphabetical order
C) if the elements are combination of letters, numbers and words, several kinds of
arrangements are possible. On a case to case basis, we have to find out the arrangement in the
output.
 INPUT AND OUTPUT

METHODICAL TRANSFORMATION

To achieve the pre-defined output, the input string of elements is processed through a few
steps. These steps follow a specific pattern while rearranging the given elements. There are
two most commonly followed methods. Let us name them as
singe element movement – in this method, only one element is rearranged in each step.
interchange of two elements- in this case, A interchanges its position with B and the position
of the other elements remain unchanged. This is the first step. Each of the subsequent steps
follow the same method till the final output is obtained.
Students should note that there can be other methods of transformation.
 INPUT AND OUTPUT
I.1) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: 16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: 3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: 9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: 9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: 6 6 9 12 12 6
Step V is the output.
Answer the following questions based on the above information.

Q.1) What is the output for the input – 6 11 15 20 24 33?

[a] 3 9 9 10 12 15
[b] 3 9 9 12 15 15
[c] 3 6 9 9 12 15
[d] none of the above
 INPUT AND OUTPUT

Solution for question 1:

The logic is as follows:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: +1 -2 +3 -4 +5 -6
16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: sort in ascending order
3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3
9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: sum of the digits:
9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: arrange in ascending order:
6 6 9 9 12 12
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution 1.) (d)

Input: 6 11 15 20 24 33
Step I: 7 9 18 16 29 27
Step II: 7 9 16 18 27 29
Step III: 21 27 48 54 81 87
Step IV: 3 9 12 9 9 15
Step V: 3 9 9 9 12 15
Step V is the output.
No option is correct.
 INPUT AND OUTPUT
I.2) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: 16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: 3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: 9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: 9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: 6 6 9 12 12 6
Step V is the output.
Answer the following questions based on the above information.

Q.2) What is the step I of an input if the step IV of that input is –

3 12 15 9 9 6?
[a] 9 18 36 56 79 23
[b] 10 15 18 23 46 85
[c] 1 7 51 63 81 25
[d] cannot be determined.
 INPUT - OUTPUT
Solution for question 2:
The logic is as follows:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: +1 -2 +3 -4 +5 -6
16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: sort in ascending order
3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3
9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: sum of the digits:
9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: arrange in ascending order:
6 6 9 9 12 12

Solution (d)
As sorting is done from step IV. We cannot find step I.
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.3) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: 16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: 3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: 9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: 9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: 6 6 9 12 12 6
Step V is the output.
Answer the following questions based on the above information.

Q.3) What is step IV for the input – 9 18 36 54 27 45?

[a] 3 15 12 9 6 9
[b] 9 15 12 3 6 9
[c] 3 12 15 9 9 6
[d] 3 12 15 9 6 9
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 3:

The logic is as follows:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: +1 -2 +3 -4 +5 -6
16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: sort in ascending order
3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3
9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: sum of the digits:
9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: arrange in ascending order:
6 6 9 9 12 12
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution.3 (c)
Input: 9 18 36 54 27 45
Step I: 10 16 39 50 32 39
Step II: 10 16 32 39 39 50
Step III: 30 48 96 117 117 150
Step IV: 3 12 15 9 9 6
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.4) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: 16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: 3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: 9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: 9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: 6 6 9 12 12 6
Step V is the output.
Answer the following questions based on the above information.

Q.4) If 11 7 18 26 22 32 is the input, then how many steps are

there in between to get the arrangement- 69 9 12 15 9?
[a] o
[b] 2
[c] 1
[d] 3
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 4:

The logic is as follows:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: +1 -2 +3 -4 +5 -6
16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: sort in ascending order
3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3
9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: sum of the digits:
9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: arrange in ascending order:
6 6 9 9 12 12
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution 4.(d)
Input: 11 7 18 26 22 32
Step I: 12 5 21 22 27 26
Step II: 5 12 21 22 26 27
Step III: 15 36 63 66 78 81
Step IV: 6 9 9 12 15 9
Hence, there are three steps in between.
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.5) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: 16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: 3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: 9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: 9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: 6 6 9 12 12 6
Step V is the output.
Answer the following questions based on the above information.

Q.5) What is the output if the step I for an input is - 18 21 8 17 50

26?
[a] 6 6 6 9 9 12
[b] 6 6 6 9 12 15
[c] 6 6 9 9 12 15
[d] 6 6 6 9 9 15
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 5:

The logic is as follows:
Input: 15 17 35 7 23 11
Step I: +1 -2 +3 -4 +5 -6
16 15 38 3 28 5
Step II: sort in ascending order
3 5 15 16 28 38
Step III: x3 x3 x3 x3 x3 x3
9 15 45 48 84 114
Step IV: sum of the digits:
9 6 9 12 12 6
Step V: arrange in ascending order:
6 6 9 9 12 12
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution .5(d)
Step I: 18 21 8 17 50 26
Step II: 8 17 18 21 26 50
Step III: 24 51 54 63 78 150
Step IV: 6 6 9 9 15 6
Step V: 6 6 6 9 9 15
Step V is the output.
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.6 – 10) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: one two three four five six seven eight
Step I: three one seven six four two eight five
Step II: seven three eight two six one five four
Step III: eight seven five one two three four six
Step IV: five eight four three one seven six two
Step V: four five six seven three eight two one
Step IV: six four two eight seven five one three,
And so on.

Q.6) Which among the following will be step V for the following input?
Input: March may April July June October January September
[a] July June January October April September May March
[b] March April May June July September October
January
[c] January March April May June July September
October
[d] July June October January April September May March
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 6:

As we observe the output through every step, we find that the words in each step are arranged
in the order of 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5 to get the order of words in the next step. Let us number the
words of the input as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. In the input the words in the positions of 3, 1, 7,
6, 4, 2, 8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step I. in step I, the words of order 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2,
8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step II. Similarly, the same order is followed to get the
order of the words in the successive steps.
Let us represent the positions of the words and their arrangement in further steps.

Input: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Step I: 3 1 7 6 4 2 8 5
Step II: 7 3 8 2 6 1 5 4
Step III: 8 7 5 1 2 3 4 6
Step IV: 5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
Step V: 4 5 6 7 3 8 2 1
Step VI: 6
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution 6. (d)
Let us represent the words in the given input as:
March May April July June October January September
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

As shown in the given table, for the input of words 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 the words in step V are in
the order of 4, 5, 6, 7, 3, 8, 2, 1
i.e., step V is - July June October January April September May March
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.7) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: one two three four five six seven eight
Step I: three one seven six four two eight five
Step II: seven three eight two six one five four
Step III: eight seven five one two three four six
Step IV: five eight four three one seven six two
Step V: four five six seven three eight two one
Step IV: six four two eight seven five one three,
And so on.

Q.7) Which among the following will be the input, if step IV of an input is, “fall into hands grip doing
from the view”?
[a] doing grip view hands fall the from into
[b] doing view hands fall hands the from into
[c] doing view grip hands fall the from into
[d] doing hands view grip the fall from into
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 7:

As we observe the output through every step, we find that the words in each step are arranged
in the order of 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5 to get the order of words in the next step. Let us number the
words of the input as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. In the input the words in the positions of 3, 1, 7,
6, 4, 2, 8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step I. in step I, the words of order 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2,
8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step II. Similarly, the same order is followed to get the
order of the words in the successive steps.
Let us represent the positions of the words and their arrangement in further steps.

Input: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Step I: 3 1 7 6 4 2 8 5
Step II: 7 3 8 2 6 1 5 4
Step III: 8 7 5 1 2 3 4 6
Step IV: 5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
Step V: 4 5 6 7 3 8 2 1
Step VI: 6
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution.7) (c)
It is given that step IV of an input is: fall into hands grip doing from the view”.
In the above given table for the input of words 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, the order of the words in
step IV is 5, 8, 4, 3, 1, 7, 6 and 2.
Step IV: fall into hands grip doing from the view
5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
And the order of the words in the input will be:
doing view grip hands fall the from into
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.8) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: one two three four five six seven eight
Step I: three one seven six four two eight five
Step II: seven three eight two six one five four
Step III: eight seven five one two three four six
Step IV: five eight four three one seven six two
Step V: four five six seven three eight two one
Step IV: six four two eight seven five one three,
And so on.

Q.8) In which step among the following will the positions of the elements be the same as in the
input?
[a] step IV
[b] step V
[c] step VI
[d] step VIII
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 8:

As we observe the output through every step, we find that the words in each step are arranged
in the order of 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5 to get the order of words in the next step. Let us number the
words of the input as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. In the input the words in the positions of 3, 1, 7,
6, 4, 2, 8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step I. in step I, the words of order 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2,
8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step II. Similarly, the same order is followed to get the
order of the words in the successive steps.
Let us represent the positions of the words and their arrangement in further steps.

Input: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Step I: 3 1 7 6 4 2 8 5
Step II: 7 3 8 2 6 1 5 4
Step III: 8 7 5 1 2 3 4 6
Step IV: 5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
Step V: 4 5 6 7 3 8 2 1
Step VI: 6
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution.8) (d)
In the above given table for the input of words 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, the order of the words in
step VI is 6, 4, 2, 8, 7, 5, 1, 3
Step VI: 6 4 2 8 7 5 1 3 (these numbers are
arranged in the order of 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5)
Step VII: 2 6 1 5 8 4 3 7 (these number
are arranged in the order 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5)
Step VIII: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Hence, in step VIII, the same input repeats as in the output.
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.9) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: one two three four five six seven eight
Step I: three one seven six four two eight five
Step II: seven three eight two six one five four
Step III: eight seven five one two three four six
Step IV: five eight four three one seven six two
Step V: four five six seven three eight two one
Step IV: six four two eight seven five one three,
And so on.

Q.9) Which among the following steps has the following rearranged words “doubts then have legs
match join team during” for the input “ during team match doubts then have legs join”?
[a] step V
[b] step VI
[c] step IV
[d] step III
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 9:

As we observe the output through every step, we find that the words in each step are arranged
in the order of 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5 to get the order of words in the next step. Let us number the
words of the input as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. In the input the words in the positions of 3, 1, 7,
6, 4, 2, 8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step I. in step I, the words of order 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2,
8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step II. Similarly, the same order is followed to get the
order of the words in the successive steps.
Let us represent the positions of the words and their arrangement in further steps.

Input: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Step I: 3 1 7 6 4 2 8 5
Step II: 7 3 8 2 6 1 5 4
Step III: 8 7 5 1 2 3 4 6
Step IV: 5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
Step V: 4 5 6 7 3 8 2 1
Step VI: 6
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution.9) (a)
The given input is:
during team match doubts then have legs join
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
and the given arranged of words:
doubts then have legs match join team during
4 5 6 7 3 8 2 1
The order of words 4, 5, 6, 7, 3, 8, 2, 1 is obtained in step V.
 INPUT - OUTPUT
I.10) The following is an illustration of the input and the steps of rearrangement:
Input: one two three four five six seven eight
Step I: three one seven six four two eight five
Step II: seven three eight two six one five four
Step III: eight seven five one two three four six
Step IV: five eight four three one seven six two
Step V: four five six seven three eight two one
Step IV: six four two eight seven five one three,
And so on.

Q.10) which among the following will be step II, if step IV of an input is “public citizens health where
against action further decided”?
[a] action where citizens decided further against public health
[b] action citizens where decided further against public health
[c] action decided citizens further where against public health
[d] action where further citizens decided against public health
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution for question 10:

As we observe the output through every step, we find that the words in each step are arranged
in the order of 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2, 8, 5 to get the order of words in the next step. Let us number the
words of the input as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. In the input the words in the positions of 3, 1, 7,
6, 4, 2, 8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step I. in step I, the words of order 3, 1, 7, 6, 4, 2,
8, 5 are arranged to get the words in step II. Similarly, the same order is followed to get the
order of the words in the successive steps.
Let us represent the positions of the words and their arrangement in further steps.

Input: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Step I: 3 1 7 6 4 2 8 5
Step II: 7 3 8 2 6 1 5 4
Step III: 8 7 5 1 2 3 4 6
Step IV: 5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
Step V: 4 5 6 7 3 8 2 1
Step VI: 6
 INPUT - OUTPUT

Solution.10) (a)
Step IV of an input is “public citizens health where against actions further decided” and the order
if the words in this step is 5, 8, 4, 3, 1, 7, 6 and 2. The order of the words in the step II is 7, 3, 8, 2,
6, 1, 5, 4

Step IV: public citizens health where against action further decided
5 8 4 3 1 7 6 2
Step II: action where citizens decided further against public health
7 3 8 2 6 1 5 4