AURORA STATE COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
ELECTIVE 1

Name: Zandie M. Garcia Date: 09/30/2019

Year/Section: BSCE 5

I. Read carefully and identify the statement below and write the correct answer to the
space provided.

concrete 1. It is a compressive material with low and has unreliable value on its tensile
strength.

pre-stressing 2. A method that applies a precompression to the member that reduces or

eliminates undesirable stresses present to the concrete.
3. A steel used in pre tensioned application for prestressing.
high-strength steel
4. A method by which the concrete is precompressed so that tension normally
concrete stress control resulting from the applied loads is reduced or eliminated
5. A method applies on the concrete so that the effects of the applied loads is
Equivalent Load counteracted to the desired degree.
pre-tensioning 6. The tendons are stressed before the concrete is placed.

post-tensioning 7. The tendons are tensioned after the concrete is placed and has acquired its
strength.
kern 8. It is defined as the limiting points inside the concrete section which the
prestress force resultant may be applied without causing tension anywhere in
the cross section.
35 MPa
9. Designed compressive strength present on prestressed concrete.
10. It is used to pull the steel with the reaction acting against the hardened
abutments/ bulkheads concrete in post and pretensioning.

II. Enumeration

1. Effects of prestressing in concrete.

 can control or even eliminate concrete tensile stress for specified loads
 the best tendon profile that has been selected produces prestress moment
diagram that corresponds to that applied load. If the prestress counter-
moment is made exactly equal and opposite to the load-induced moment,
axial compressive stress is uniform all along the span.
 Pure compressive stress in concrete
 concrete remains uncracked
 reduction of steel corrosion
 less dead load
 increases durability
 2. Draw the 3 concrete stress distributions in beams with its corresponding prestress loads.

3. 2 methods of prestressing.
 pre-tensioning
 post-tensioning

4. 2 types of tendons
 bonded tendons
 unbonded tendons

III. Essay
State the difference between reinforced concrete design and the prestressed
concrete design.

Reinforced concrete, or RC, is a composite material used in construction. The low tensile
strength and ductility of the concrete are fortified by the addition of reinforcing steel bars
having higher tensile strength and ductility. During construction, steel bars are placed
inside formwork before concrete is poured. Rebar can also be wired together into a steel
cage arrangement beforehand. Concrete is then poured into the formwork and vibrated
to remove air voids in the fresh concrete and ensure consolidation of the aggregates
within the concrete mixture. It is imperative that the concrete completely surrounds each
bar to ensure a strong bond.

Reinforced Concrete is widely used due to its work-ability, strength, and the availability of
its raw materials. It is mainly used as main members of a particular structure such as
columns, piers, piles, beams, slabs and footings for buildings, houses, dams, bridges and
other similar structures. Reinforced concrete is easily configured to unconventional
shapes because it fills the container that it is supporting it. This leads to extravagant
architectural structures that would otherwise be difficult to build with other materials such
as steel and wood. Reinforced concrete is also typically used in public works construction
of highway paving and sidewalks. Reinforcing the concrete with steel bars gives the
composite section tensile strength that allows for a robust and useful composite building
material.

Prestressed Concrete is concrete formed under stress. Reinforcement bars are placed in
a form and stressed by the stretching of the bars at each end, inducing tension in the bar.
Concrete is poured into the form and all around the bars while they are still being
stretched. When they are released, the steel tries to resume its original, shorter, length,
and adds a compressive force to the concrete laterally, giving it the strength to span
longer distances than normal reinforced concrete.
Prestressing is used to make composite beams and piers in large-scale construction such
as highway overpasses and commercial buildings. It enables a concrete beam to support
weight between piers on either side; without such reinforcing, concrete’s lack of tensile
strength would cause it to collapse without support in the middle.