What is the subnet mask 10.2.1.3/22?

What is the administrative distance of EIGRP, eBGP, iBGP?

 EIGRP 5
 eBGP 20
 iBGP 200
Among all Routing protocol, which is your favorite and why?

In OSPF, what is a totaly stubby area? What does Area Zero do?

 A stub area that only allows routes internal to the area and restricts Type 3 LSAs from entering
the stub area is often called a totally stubby area. You can convert area 0.0.0.3 to a totally
stubby area by configuring the ABR to only advertise and allow the default route to enter into
the area.

Explain what a 3-way handshake is in TCP?

 A three-way handshake is a method used in a TCP/IP network to create a connection between a

local host/client and server. It is a three-step method that requires both the client and server to
exchange SYN and ACK (acknowledgment) packets before actual data communication begins.

What is a VLAN trunking protocol?

 VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a Cisco proprietary protocol that propagates the definition of
Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN) on the whole local area network. To do this, VTP carries
VLAN information to all the switches in a VTP domain. VTP advertisements can be sent over
802.1Q, and ISL trunks.

What is Dot1q?

 IEEE 802.1Q, often referred to as Dot1q, is the networking standard that supports virtual LANs
(VLANs) on an IEEE 802.3 Ethernet network. The standard defines a system of VLAN tagging for
Ethernet frames and the accompanying procedures to be used by bridges and switches in
handling such frames.

Explain what is an Ether-Channel?

 EtherChannel is a port link aggregation technology or port-channel architecture used primarily

on Cisco switches. It allows grouping of several physical Ethernet links to create one logical
Ethernet link for the purpose of providing fault-tolerance and high-speed links between
switches, routers and servers.

What is Spanning Tree used for?

  The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a network protocol that builds a loop-free logical topology
for Ethernet networks. The basic function of STP is to prevent bridge loops and the broadcast
radiation that results from them.

What is a root bridge and why do you need one?

What is needed on a router interface to allow DHCP to function on a subnet?

Describe what a stateful firewall is?

What is HSRP? Is this an open standard?

In a PIX/ASA, what are security levels used for?

What two things are needed in a PIX/ASA firewall to allow traffic to pass from a higher security level
to a lower security level?

In IPSec VPNs, what is diffie hellman? What is it used for?

In an IPSec tunnel, what is main mode?

1. What is multi-cloud networking and how would you like to design a network for multi-cloud
network?

2. I have an OSPF network where an Area 1 (area no 1) is connected to Backbone area as stub area
but now I want to connect One more area (area no 2) to this Area 1 and there is not direct
connection between Backbone area and area 2. How is it possible?

Stub area you cannot connect the OSPF virtual link.

3. What is difference between DNS and DNS over HTTPS (SSL)?

4. Why would you choose a routing protocol over the VPN?