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1
Note: All equipment rental rates include fuel, operator, oil and maintenance except those listed under
no. 37.
2
Note: 1. Open refers to traffic less working conditions otherwise, it would be referred to as limited.
2. Beyond 60 meters, use dump truck for disposal of waste and include time spotting calculation for
hauling in the detailed estimate.
3. For 1 and 2, consider cost of waste disposal.
4. For heavy traffic areas, include the effect of traffic in the productivity output (computation to be
included in the detailed estimate).
Note:
1. Consider reduction of manpower and equipment output for heights of more than
1.5 meters and heavy traffic.
2. All equipment except dump trucks, pay loaders, and Air compressors are to be
assisted by a helper or laborer.
3. Provide provisions for scaffolds and incidental expenses for height of more than
1.50 meters.
4. Beyond 30 meters, include pay loader and dump truck for disposal of waste.
Attached the time spotting calculation for hauling in the detailed estimates and the
dumping area. B406
5. For rock excavation, using bulldozer special equipment such as D1 55A-3, D20P-
7, etc. indicate the equipment output in the detailed estimate to justify the costing;
and provide equipment data/specification on output to support the justification.
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ITEM 103: STRUCTURE EXCAVATION:
Note:
1. For instances where the excavated material is to be disposed of to a specified
place, computations for such waste disposal shall be considered.
2. Above labor, outputs are based on a maximum depth of excavation of 2.00 meters.
For depths of excavation exceeding 2.00 meters, add provisions for hoisting or
double/multiple handling.
- Required duration for road roller is the same as that of the road
grader and the duration of water truck is half of the duration for the
roller.
Note: For heavy traffic, include the effect of traffic in the productivity computation to be
included in the detailed estimate.
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SPL: AGGREGATE HAULING/TIME SPOTTING:
A. Quarrying:
Output of one (1) D4 Bulldozer: 210 cu.m./day of unprocessed material
B. Screening & Stockpiling: (refer to the following formula)
General formula for wheel loaders:
Q = q x (60/Cm) x E
Where:
Q – hourly production in cu.m./hr.
Cm – cycle time in minutes
E – job efficiency
q- production per cycle in cu.m. = q1 x k
where: q1 – capacity of loader
k – bucket factor
Cycle time (Cm) for loader
1. In a cross loading
Cm = D/F + D/R + Z
2. For a V – shaped loading
Cm = D/F + 2 + D/R + 2 + Z
3. In load and carry
Cm = D/F x 2
Where:
Cm – cycle time in minutes
D - hauling distance
F - forward speed in meters/minute
R - reverse speed in meters/minute
Z - fixed time (minutes) – sum of gear shifting, loading, turning,
dumping and waiting time.
FIXED TIME:
V – shaped loading: Cross Loading: Load and Carry:
Direct Drive 0.23 0.35 -
Hydraulic Drive 0.20 0.30 -
Torque Flow Drive 0.20 0.30 0.35
Travel Speed F1 = 0 – 7.3 km/hr.
R1 = 0 – 7.8 km/hr.
♦ Computation of screening and stockpiling output for wheel loaders (articulated)
Use job efficiency (E) of 0.83 (83%)
Cm = 1.00 min. (cycle time for screening 1 bucket of unprocessed
material)
GENERAL FORMULA:
Q = q x (60/Cm) x E; use q = use struck bucket capacity
= q x 60 x 0.83 = 49.8q cu.m./hr.
where q is the struck bucket capacity
However, for screening fine and coarse aggregates, introduce (f) quarry factors to the
general formula, therefore,
1. For screening fine aggregates: Q = 49.8 qFf (cu.m./hr.)
2. For screening coarse aggregates: Q = 49.8 qFc (cu.m./hr.)
Where: Ff = quarry factor for fine aggregate
Fc = quarry factor for coarse aggregate
Moreover, in the screening process of fine and coarse aggregates, there is extra time
required for stockpiling screened waste. Materials, which needs to be determined as a factor
of cycle time to be multiplied to the above formulas to arrive at the output capacity, Q.
SAMPLE PROBLEM:
Given:
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q = 1.50 cu.m.
quarry productivity:
Fine aggregate = 60 %
Coarse aggregate = 30 %
Waste = 10 %
Therefore the total time to produce and stockpile 7 cu.m. of fine aggregate
from 11.67 cu.m. of unprocessed material from the given source is:
= 7.78 min. + 4.60 min. = 12.38 min.
Time should only be 1 min. because the loader capacity is 1.50 cu.m., which is
greater than 1.17 cu.m.
Total = 6.58 min.
Therefore, combining the production of fine and coarse aggregate from the
given source,
Total time to produce 7 cu.m. fine aggregate = 12.38 min.
Total time to produce 3.5 cu.m. coarse aggregate = 6.58 min.
Total time in minutes = 18.96
Screening and stockpiling of 1 Payloader for 2 screens from the given source
in one day is:
6
For fine aggregate = 22.22 x 6 = 133.32 say 133 cu.m.
For coarse aggregate = 11.11 x 6= 66.66 say 67 cu.m.
In cases where there is a need for coarse aggregate only, production is 67 cu.m.
/day with the fine aggregate treated as waste.
Cycle time:
- Screening time = 11.67/1.50 x 1.0 min. = 7.78 min.
- Stockpiling time (for 7 cu.m.) = 4.60 min.
- Removal of waste = 4.67 cu.m. x 1.0 min. = 4.67 min.
- Total time per cycle = 17.05 min.
- Total no. of cycles in 1 hour = 60/17.05 = 3.52
- Hourly production = 3.52 x 7.0 cu.m. = 24.63 cu.m.
- Daily production = 24.63 x 6 hrs. = 148.0 cu.m.
• In one hour, the equipment is assumed to work only for 45 min., hence, it works
only for 6 hours in a day.
C. Loading and Unloading:
1. Loading and unloading time:
a. Using payloader and dumptrucks:
a.1 Aggregates:
♦ Loading time = 5 min.
♦ Unloading time = 1 min.
♦ Slack time = 2 – 6 min. (depending on the
availability and location of maneuvering area)
a.2 Boulders:
♦ 6 min.
b. Manual loading:
♦ Crew of 6 laborers to fill one unit dumptruck
- 5 cu.m. in 1 (one) hour
E. Stockpiling of boulders:
1. From slide slope: (Barring down and stockpiling)
♦ Labor capacity – 2.0 cu.m. /man-day
2. Picking and stockpiling from riverbed:
♦ Labor capacity – 2.0 cu.m. /man-day
ITEMS 200 & 201: AGGREGATE SUB-BASE COURSE AND AGGREGATE BASE
COURSE RESPECTIVELY:
A. Materials:
♦ Mix proportion:
60% emulsified asphalt to 40% water
♦ Rate of application:
1 –2 liters per sq.m. i.e. 1 liter per sq.m. for denser roadway and
liters per sq.m. for more porous roadway.
B. Labor:
- Cleaning of roadway, mixing of application, and curing of
bituminous prime coat.
A. Materials:
♦ Mix proportion:
70% asphalt to 30% water
♦ Rate of application:
0.20 – 0.70 liters per sq.m. i.e. 0.20 liters per sq.m. for smoother
surface and 0.70 liters per sq.m. for rough surfaces.
♦ For asphalt distributor, duration is the same as asphalt paver
B. Labor:
Crew and capacity is the same as item 301.
A. Asphalt cement:
1. Crew composition:
1 – Foreman
1 – Laboratory Technician
2 – Skilled laborers (Splashers)
8 – Laborers
A. Materials:
For estimating purposes, adopt in place specific gravity for bituminous mixture
equal to 2.30.
B. Equipment requirement:
8
1. Asphalt paver: 12 – 15 m.t. per hr. depending on the width of road and
presence of intersections, widening on curves, and other irregularities
requiring the backtracking of the asphalt paver and other support activities.
2. For tandem roller, pneumatic roller, and steel drum roller, the duration is
the same as the asphalt paver.
3. Asphalt plant, batching capacity of 30 m.t. per hr., add heating time of 2
hrs.
4. The number of dumptrucks depends upon the distance of the asphalt paved
and the capacity of the asphalt paver to lie for one day.
5. Capacity of 1 dumptruck = 8.0 m.t.
B. Labor and supervision:
2 – Laboratory Technician
1 – Construction Foreman
6 – Skilled laborers
6 – Laborers
A. Materials:
1. 9.10 bags of cement per cu.m. of concrete
2. Aggregates: (loose volume)
Qty. per cu.m. of concrete
Fine aggregate 0.50 cu.m.
Coarse aggregate 0.80 cu.m.
♦ Include other miscellaneous accessories e.g. dowel bars, joint
fillers, etc.
B. Batching and casting-in-place:
1. Using 2 units 1-bagger concrete mixer (minimum)
a. Capacity = 150 bags/day (i.e. 75 bags per 1-bagger concrete mixer)
b. Crew members:
1 – Foreman
4 – Masons
2 – Carpenters
24 – laborers
Conditions:
1. Hammer – TDH – 22
2. Piles are spotted
Capacity = 6 – 8 meters/hr. depending on type of foundation
A. Materials:
♦ Tie wires: 15 kg. Tie wire per ton of steel bar
B. Labor:
(Cutting, bending, fabrication, installation and other miscellaneous works)
1. Crew composition:
1 – Construction Foreman
2 – Steel men
2 – Skilled laborers
6 – Laborers
A. Materials:
Class Cement Factor Sand Factor Gravel Factor
(bags/cu.m.) (loose volume/ (loose volume/
cu.m.) cu.m.)
A 9.10 0.50 0.80
10
B 8.00 0.45 0.85
C 7.50 0.55 0.75
D 11.00 0.44 0.73
B. Batching and casting-in-place:
1. The duration for 1-bagger or 2-bagger concrete mixer depends on the
equipment utilization schedule as reflected in the PERT/CPM.
2. Crew for 1-bagger concrete mixer and transit mixer is the same as item 311
except for steel man, which is included under item 404 and carpenters,
which is revised per section D of this item.
3. Supporting equipment for batching plant is the same as item 311.
4. Duration of transit mixer is dependent on the speed of setting forms and
type and size of structures. (See 1)
B. Curing:
♦ Through either ponding or use of curing compound or combination of both
or as specified in the 1995 DPWH standard specifications.
C. Formworks:
1. Formworks:
♦ Minimum crew composition:
1 – Construction Foreman
2 – Carpenters
4 – Laborers
♦ Capacity:
- Fabrication and installation = 35 sq.m./day
- Stripping = 60 sq.m./day
♦ Materials:
- 27 bd.ft. per meter of height per meter span
A. Scope of work:
- Laying and collaring
- Backfilling shall be under item 104
B. Crew composition: (for 300 – 610 mm. Size of RCPC)
1 – Foreman
1 – Mason
6 – Laborers
11
per day(pcs.)
760 12 0.60 bag/joint 0.028cu.m/joint
900 6 0.70 0.038
1200 3 1.20 0.065
- with equipment support of 1 unit chain block with stand
A. Scope of work:
1. Laying of boulders and grouting
2. Curing
3. Foundation preparation and excavation
4. Provision of weep holes
5. Double or multiple handling, if necessary should be derived.
6. If the height of structure is more than 4.0 meters, multiple handling should
be included in the estimates.
A. Labor:
1. Laying of boulders, grouting, curing and handling of materials = 1.0
cu.m./man-day based on the assumption that all materials are within reach
of the laborers.
A. Scope of work:
12
The same as item 504, grouted riprap
B. Labor:
(Laying of boulders, grouting, curing, and installation of weep holes)
Minimum crew composition:
1 – Foreman
6 – Skilled laborers
12 – Laborers
C. Materials:
1. Portland Cement – 5 bags per cu.m. of stone masonry
2. Sand – 30% of the volume of stone masonry.
3. Boulders – Equal to volume of stone masonry.
4. Weep holes – As indicated in the plans
D. Water and equipment provision:
Refer to item 504, grouted riprap
♦ Note: For stone masonry, the cement factor of 5 bags per cu.m. of stone
masonry was based on minimum mortar bedding and joint thickness of
35 mm.
A. Materials (FOB)
♦ Labor productivity is based on 1.0 m. x 1.0 m. x 2.0 m. gabion boxes.
♦ Size of Boulders (100-200 mm dia.), size of wire 3.0 mm thick (Imported)
Commercial size = 2.7 mm dia. thick
B. Labor:
1. Capacity of skilled laborers – 5 boxes per man-day
2. Laying of boulders – 2.5 cu.m./man-day
3. Minimum crew members:
1 – Foreman
4 – Skilled laborers
16 – Laborers
ITEM I EARTHWORKS:
A. Leveling of site:
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1. Common earth - 3.0 cu.m./man-day
2. Uncommon excavation - 1.5 cu.m./man-day
3. Solid Rock - 0.5 cu.m./man-day
B. Structural excavation:
1. Common earth - 1.5 cu.m./man-day
2. Uncommon excavation - 1.0 cu.m./man-day
3. Solid Rock - 0.5 cu.m./man-day
ROOFING
A.) Assembly 24 sq.m/day
Crew: 1 - Foreman
1 - Welder
1 - Skilled Laborer
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ITEM V FORMWORKS:
1. Fabrication and installation – 35 sq.m./day
2. Removal - 60 sq.m./day
3. Crew composition:
1 – Foreman
2 - Carpenters
4 – Laborers
ITEM VI CARPENTRY:
♦ Crew of 2 carpenters and 1 laborer
1. Roof framing - 43 bd.ft./day (10 sq.m./day)
2. Ceiling - 15 sq.m./day
3. Partition:
a. Movable - 3.5 sq.m./day
b. fixed - 7.0 sq.m./day
4. Exterior walls (wood) - 58 bd.ft./day (58 sq.m./day)
A. GI Roofing
♦ Crew of 1 carpenter and 2 laborers
♦ Capacity – 27 sq.m./day
ITEM IX PAINTING:
♦ 2 coats
♦ Capacity – 14 sq.m./man-day
ITEM X PLUMBING:
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