The Edge and the Liability

of the K to 12 Curriculum

By:

Mark Andrei T. Bertolano

Humanities and Social Sciences

2017
 Table of Contents
Acknowledgement
Dedication

Chapter 1

1.1 Introduction and Its Problem

1.2 Background of the Study
1.3 Conceptual Framework
1.4 Research Paradigm
1.5 Statement of the Problem
1.6 Hypothesis
1.7 Significance of the Study
1.8 Definition of Terms

Chapter 2

2.1 Local Literature

2.2 Foreign Literature
2.3 Review of Related Literature and Studies

Chapter 3

3.1 Research Design

3.2 Statistical Data
3.3 Research Instrument

Chapter 4

4.1 Presentation
4.2 Recommendation
4.3 Conclusion

Bibliography

Appendix

Resume C/V
 Acknowledgment

I WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE FOLLOWING:

First and above all

GOD ALMIGHTY

The school that or where I’ve learned everything

SAINT FRANCIS OF ASSISI COLLEGE

They never says no to me, they gave me space for learning

JANA FLORES, JERIC GULTIANO, LUISA DENOSTA, MIKEE ESCUETA

JULIUS PORTILLO, EULE CRUZ, VINCE MANALIGOD, GREANNE DE ROXAS

She inspires and motivates me everyday

CHRISMAE V. CRUZ

They patiently teaches us on our first day

MS. LOVELLE SISON, MRS. RICHELL CABANTING, MRS. JOSEPHINE NAVIDA,

MS. REINALYN NIETO, MR. NORIEL LASTROLLO, MS. CRIZLE CALAPIS

To my parents who gave me knowledge to be remembered

And experiences to be unforgotten

MR. MELVIN S. BERTOLANO & MRS. ARLENE T. BERTOLANO

 Dedication

The researcher would like to dedicate this study to the Almighty God, to his parents Mr.
and Mrs. Bertolano who is always there to support all the needs of the researcher. To
their loved ones, friends and acquaintances for being understanding and willingness to
help the researcher.

The researcher also wants to dedicate the research for their fellow and future Grade
11 students. This research will serve information and knowledge the students will need.

To his Alma Matter, the Saint Francis of Assisi College, to his classmates, schoolmates
and teachers. Especially, to the teacher of the subject Practical Research.
 Chapter 1
Introduction and Its Problem

The K to 12 Education program by the Department of Education said to make

improvements in the basic and secondary education by adding two more years in the
system, it is said by the Department of Education that the K to 12 will solve the annual
growing number of out of school youth.

DepEd should focus more on quality before quantity. What the poor performing
students direly needs is for the development and establishment of a quality education
system that caters to their needs. Making the Philippine education longer does not
guarantee quality education.

Budget deficit is still one of the foremost problems of our country but if they claim that
resources are at hand, then why not allocate this to a more prominent and direct problem
of our education. Among the main issues that relates to this are the number of schools
and classrooms, the number of teachers, and even the availability of book and other
school supplies.
Background

The program known as K to 12 is a program that will add Kindergarten and two more
years in high school also known as the Senior High. The Philippines is implementing this
program to level up the education in our country and catch up to the other countries. The
Philippines is also the last country in Asia that does not have this curriculum and one of
the only three worldwide.

Senior High School includes the grades 11 and 12 the last two years in the program.
The student will choose in four different tracks, to study and have more background on
what is in college. The advantage of a K to 12 student is that it will give more knowledge
before going to college and more time to decide what the student really want to become,
And helps the student to become more matured. But some people does not approve on
this program, because of the number one problem in our country, the poverty. Most of the
families in our country does not have that much money to send their kids in school, they
still need their money on the primary needs of the family. Adding more years will be a
pain for them, especially when the family have two or more children to send to school.
One of the problems is the student’s interest to study. Most of the students now are
addicted to the computer games and other stuffs, the students are more interested in it
than to study. Some students does not find learning interesting because they don’t like
the subject or the teacher. So, these students tend not to listen and do other things
instead.

However, the government believes that this curriculum will put our education and the
student at the same level with the rest of the world. Investing in education is the key
towards reaching national growth and development.
Conceptual Framework

K to 12 Curriculum

Advantages Disadvantages

Socialization Poverty
Master basic skills Teachers training
Acquire general and interest
knowledge Students interest to
Geared up for the study
future 2 more years in
high school
Lack of classrooms

These are the advantages and the disadvantages of the K to 12 curriculum. These are
just few of the many advantages and disadvantages of the curriculum. Of course, poverty
is number one problem of our country. Many families does not have enough money to
send their child to school. Socialization is one of the advantages, because the two years
will bring the students socialization skills much higher, because friends and classmates
can exchange more ideas with each other.
Research Paradigm

The purpose of this research is for the upcoming grade 11 students. So the students
will know what benefits does the K to 12 program have and also the disadvantages of this
program. Having a knowledge on what are the students going is good for the future,
because it can help to know what can or will the students do to avoid these problems or
disadvantages of the program, or make it easier than it should be. For example, the poor
families, they can be more ready and prepare the budget for the children to send them to
school and have a better and brighter education.

In Senior High, the junior high school students can learn more because, Senior High
School covers eight learning areas as part of its core curriculum. The student can choose
what track or strand that will be needed for the future or college based on how the
students will want to proceed after the junior high. However, students that did not go to
Senior High school will be considered as a Grade 10 completer, but not a high school
graduate.
Statement of the Problem

The following questions given below were used for survey forms distributed.

1. What are the benefits of the Kto12 for you?

a. More knowledge for the future c. Socialization
b. Preparation for college d. Mastering basic skills

2. How would Kto12 affect the students?

a. It gives them a more complex
knowledge
b. It allows the students to go straight
to getting a job rather than continuing
college
c. Makes the students more
equipped for their future.
d. More time for them to choose
what they want in college

3. What are the disadvantages of this program for you?

a. Two more years in high school c. Student’s interest to study
b. Additional expenses d. Lack of classrooms and school
facilities

4. Why is Kto12 necessary?

a. Because it is a requirement for college c. It gives the students a choice to
get a job rather than going to
college
b. Because it is necessary for international d. You will be a Grade 10 completer
standards but not a high school graduate

5. Why is Kto12 program better than the past program?

a. High quality of education c. More prepared for the labor
force
b. More practical subjects d. Global recognition
Research Hypothesis

The result of this research will bring more information to the upcoming grade 11
students. Because, the more information the student receives the more ready and
prepared for the future.

The implementation of K to 12 curriculum the country drew negative reactions from

various societal groups. The groups insist the government is not yet ready for this new
system and that this is more of additional burden to students and for the parents.

The government believes that K to 12 curriculum in the Philippines will put Filipino
students at par with the rest of the world. Truly, investing education is the key towards
reaching national growth and development.

The students or the future grade 11 students must be informed on what is on their path
and the student should know more before going through it by the research and other
materials, to get more information about the K to 12 curriculum.
Significance of the Study

It is important to have a knowledge or a background of what path the students are

tracking. The students should know what the benefits that should get from the curriculum
are and what are the liabilities. This two years added in high school will help the students
to get more knowledge on what do the child want in its future. K to 12 education is an
innovative education system, all students are given individual attention and hence
understand their subjects in a more practical way.

For the upcoming grade 11 or Senior High students need to know the insights or what
the first batch of K to 12 students went through. Because “Information is power. But like
all power, there are those who want to keep it for themselves” said by Aaron Swartz. So,
unlike other things it is more important to get more information on K to 12 program,
because the more the students know it will become easier to understand what the purpose
of this program is.
Definition of Terms

Benefits – good or helpful result or effect.

Burden – something that is carried.

Curriculum – the courses that are taught by a school, college, etc.

Development – the act or process of creating something over a period of time.

Edge – a quality or factor that gives superiority over close rivals or competitors.

Implement – to give practical effect to and ensure of actual fulfillment by concrete

measures.

Information – knowledge that you get about someone or something.

Innovative – introducing or using a new ideas or methods.

Insights – understanding of the true nature of something.

Invest – to make use of for future benefits or advantages.

Liability – the state of being legally responsible for something.

Poverty – the state of being poor.

Practical – relating to what is real rather than what is possible.

Track – the course along which something over a period of time.

Upcoming – happening or appearing soon.

 Chapter 2

Foreign Literature

“Information is power. But like all power, there are those who want to keep it for
themselves” – Aaron Swartz

“Education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world”

– Nelson Mandela

“The beautiful thing about learning is that no one can take it away from you”

– Bb King

“Educating the mind without educating the heart is like no education at all” – Aristotle

“Everybody is a genius. But if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree it will live its
whole life believing that it is stupid” – Albert Einstein
Local Literature

“It is much more than a change in curriculum. It requires a change of perspective. It

requires a change of heart of those who will implement it and bring that to fruition”

– Armin Luistro

“The K to 12 is the fruit of our efforts to achieve meaningful and positive reform not
only in our country’s educational system, but also in all other sectors. This is a victory
that fulfills our promise; no one will be left behind on the straight path to equitable
progress” – Pres. Benigno S. Aquino III

“It is not yet too late to stop it, and wait for the right time, more money, and more
teacher at hand ready to embark on the K to 12” – Pres. Rodrigo Duterte

“No basis to expect that lengthening the educational cycle calendar wise, will improve
the quality of education” – Carolina Porio

“K to 12 will foster the development of competent graduates who will join the
workforce and contribute to national competitiveness” – Armin Luistro
Review of Related Literature

Foreign Literature

“Education is the most powerful weapon we can use to change the world”

– Nelson Mandela

Education is important, because it helps us build opinions and have points of view on
things in life. The K to 12 curriculum can make the education in the Philippines have
more quality and more progress for the country, and catch up to the education of other
countries.

Local Literature

“It is much more than a change in curriculum. It requires a change of perspective. It

requires a change of heart of those who will implement it and bring that to fruition”

– Armin Luistro

The K to 12 curriculum is not just reforming the curriculum we got used to. It requires
sacrifices and other things, so the changes will be more effective, and the education in
our country can be more holistic and progressive.
 Chapter 3

Research Design

This research is all about edge of the K to 12 students to the past students that does
not undergo the program or curriculum. And deal with its disadvantages. It is necessary
so the preparedness and readiness of the students will be accurate.

The parents of K to 12 student must be informed of how this program will cost and
prepare for it. Because of the added two years in high school.

The K to 12 program makes the student more ready, prepared and geared up for the
future. And more time to choose for the future ahead.

The government gives or applied the curriculum so the level of education in the
Philippines get higher and catch up to the other countries. Because it is for the next
generation of the Philippines.
Statistical Data

This study aimed to determine the problem and the benefits of the K to 12 curriculum,
to the future senior high school and the senior high school students.

Specifically the study sought answers to the following questions:

1. Benefits of the K to 12
a. More knowledge for the future 20
b. Preparation for college 25
c. Socialization 0
d. Mastering basic skills 5

The top benefit of the K to 12 curriculum is B. “Preparation for college” and the lowest
is C. “Socialization”.

2. The effect of K to 12 to students

a. It gives them a more complex knowledge 19
b. Allows the student to go straight to getting a job rather than continuing 3
college
c. It makes the student more equipped for the future 17
d. More time for them to choose what they want in college 11

Letter A. “It gives them a more complex knowledge” got the highest number. While,
B. “Allows them to go straight to getting a job rather than continuing college” got the
lowest.
 3. Disadvantages of the program
a. Two more years in high school 23
b. Additional expenses 19
c. Student’s interest to study 3
d. Lack of classrooms and school facilities 5

The top disadvantage of the K to 12 is A. “Two more years in high school”, While C.
“Student’s interest to study” got the lowest.

4. The necessity of the K to 12

a. Because it is a requirement for college 12
b. Because it is necessary for international standards 17
c. It gives the student a choice to get a job rather than continuing college 19
d. You will be a Grade 10 completer, but not a high school graduate 2

The reason why K to 12 is necessary is C. “It gives the student a choice to get a job
rather than continuing college” and the least D. “You will be a Grade 10 completer, but
not a high school graduate”.

5. Advantage of the K to 12 than the past program

a. High quality of education 34
b. More practical subjects 7
c. More prepared for labor force 6
d. Global recognition 3

The top answer why K to 12 program is better than the past program is A. “High
quality of education”. While, the lowest is D. “Global recognition”.
Research Instrument

The survey with 50 respondents, the student picks the best answers. The benefit of
the K to 12 is A. “More knowledge for the future” that got 40%. The students believes
that this is the number one benefit of the curriculum for them, the lowest is C.
“Socialization” that got 0 among 50 respondents. While the effects of the K to 12 38% of
the respondents chooses A. “It gives them a more complex knowledge” and the lowest
6% is B. “Allows the student to go straight to getting a job rather than continuing
college”. The disadvantages of the program, A. “Two more years in high school” got the
highest 46% and the lowest 6% is C. “Student’s interest to study”. Because the added 2
years will cost more expenses to the family. The necessity of the K to 12 program C. “It
gives the students a choice to get a job rather than going to college” that got 38% and
the lowest is D. “You will be a Grade 10 completer, but not a high school graduate”. It
shows that the students want to finish K to 12 so they will be a high school graduate.
And lastly, the advantage of the K to 12 than the past program. A got the highest which
is “High quality of education” that got 34 over 50 respondents and the lowest is D.
“Global recognition” that only got 2. Because the Philippines needs more quality
education rather than the global recognition.
 Chapter 4

Presentation

The researcher used this formula for getting the percentage and degree of each
graph.

Formula 1:

100 (Total no. of answer in choices/ N [Respondents]) = the answer will be in

percentage (%)

Formula 2:

360 (Total no. of answer in choices/ N [Respondents]) = the answer will be in degree (˚)

The formula and procedure above were used to further validate the correct outcomes.
It is used by the researcher to see what will be the outcome of the survey.
Recommendation

The researcher suggests that the best way to get more information and know more
about the K to 12 curriculum is go to their official site. The researcher recommends that
the best benefit of the K to 12 is more knowledge for the future, so the students can use
all this knowledge for the future ahead. In the effect of K to 12 students the researcher
recommends that the best effect of the K to 12 for the students is it will give them a
more complex knowledge that they will need for the future. The researcher also
recommends that the disadvantage of program is two more years in high school,
because the expenses and the interest of student will be not enough. The researcher
also recommends that the necessity of the K to 12 is because it is a requirement for
college. You cannot continue to college if you don’t finish Senior High. Also the
researcher recommends that the high quality of education is why the K to 12 is better
than the past program.
Conclusion

More knowledge for the future. The K to 12 makes the students more prepared for
their future and they can learn more on what is on the future.

It gives them a more complex knowledge. The K to 12 program teaches the student
and gives the knowledge that the students need on what course for the future in college
or on the job the student wants.

Lack of classrooms and school facilities. Some of the colleges or schools in the
Philippines is not yet prepared for the new curriculum. Classrooms and facilities should
be the focus of our government before applying this curriculum.

Because it is necessary for international standards. The Philippines can level up the
education and catch up to the other countries. The students will or can find a job easily
around the world.

High quality of education. It gives the student more quality education and
preparedness for the future, for college life, job and other things, where the lessons or
things taught from K to 12 can become handy.
Bibliography

- www.deped.gov.ph/press-releases/deped-gears-k-12-full-implementation
- www.rappler.com/nation/30207-infographic-ten-things-k12
- opinion.inquirer.net/tag/k-12

Books:

- Practical Research (2016) (K to 12)

- Statistical and Probability

Dictionaries:

- Merriam-Webster

Websites:

- http://www.google.com
- http://www.reddit.com
- http://www.wikipedia.com
Appendix

The following questions given below were used for survey forms distributed.

6. What are the benefits of the Kto12 for you?

c. More knowledge for the future c. Socialization
d. Preparation for college d. Mastering basic skills

7. How would Kto12 affect the students?

c. It gives them a more complex
knowledge
d. It allows the students to go straight
to getting a job rather than continuing
college
c. Makes the students more
equipped for their future.
d. More time for them to choose
what they want in college

8. What are the disadvantages of this program for you?

c. Two more years in high school c. Student’s interest to study
d. Additional expenses d. Lack of classrooms and school
facilities

9. Why is Kto12 necessary?

c. Because it is a requirement for college c. It gives the students a choice to
get a job rather than going to
college
d. Because it is necessary for international d. You will be a Grade 10 completer
standards but not a high school graduate

10. Why is Kto12 program better than the past program?

c. High quality of education c. More prepared for the labor
force
d. More practical subjects d. Global recognition
Personal Information

Name: Mark Andrei T. Bertolano

Date of Birth: December 15, 1999

Place of Birth: Las Pinas City

Sex: Male

Address: #48 Pres. M.L.Q. St. Bagumbayan, Taguig City

Civil Status: Single

Nationality: Filipino

Parents: Melvin S. Bertolano

Arlene T. Bertolano

Siblings: Kristina Cassandra T. Bertolano

Joseph Miguel T. Bertolano

Educational Attainment:

Elementary: Saint Francis of Assisi College

School Year: (2005-2012)

High School: Saint Francis of Assisi College

School Year: (2012-2015)

Senior High School: Saint Francis of Assisi College

School Year: (Present)

Other Skills:

Multitasking
Initiative and Problem Solving Skills
Adaptability
Fast Learner

Achievements:

2003 – Bronze medalist dancing contest

2016 – Junior High school completer
2016 – Bronze medalist film making
2016 – Gold medalist dancing contest
2017 – Senior High school honor student

Character Reference

Name: Chrismae V. Cruz

Address: Jones St., Wawa, Taguig City

Contact Number: (0920) 524 3225

Name: Vince Allen R. Manaligod

Address: Holy Family Village, Bagumbayan, Taguig City

Contact Number: (0939) 642 8685

Name: Jeric Jude G. Gultiano

Address: Camp Bagong Diwa, Taguig City

Contact Number: (0921) 325 2433