Details of the BMP180 barometric pressure sensor;

The BMP180 barometric pressure sensor is a great sensor that can be used to
predict the weather,. It’s perfect for weather stations, remote controlled
vehicles, weather balloons, and lots of other projects. It’s an extremely sensitive
sensor too.

Barometric pressure (also known as atmospheric pressure), is the pressure caused

by the weight of air pressing down on the Earth. Imagine a column of air rising
from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. The air in the atmosphere
has mass, so gravity causes the weight of that column to exert pressure on the
surface.

The pressure created by a 1×1 inch column of air reaching to the top of the
atmosphere is defined as one atmosphere (atm) of pressure. This column of air
weighs 14.7 pounds, which is why one atm equals 14.7 pounds per square inch
(psi).

The SI unit for pressure is the Pascal (Pa). One Pascal is defined as one Newton of
force per square meter. The BMP180 outputs pressure readings in Pascals,
but they are converted to hectoPascals (hPa) by the software library we’re
going to use.

Unit 1hPa=

1pascal 100 Pa

1 bar 100 bar

The BMP180 outputs absolute pressure in pascals (Pa). One pascal is a very small
amount of pressure, approximately the amount that a sheet of paper will exert
resting on a table. It will more often see measurements in hectopascals (1 hPa =
100 Pa) or kilopascals (1 kPa = 1000 Pa). The software library we've provided
outputs floating-point values in hPa, which also happens to equal one millibar
(mbar).
Here are some conversions to other pressure units:
1 hPa = 100 Pa = 1 mbar = 0.001 bar
1 hPa = 0.75006168 Torr
1 hPa = 0.01450377 psi (pounds per square inch)
1 hPa = 0.02953337 inHg (inches of mercury)
1 hpa = 0.00098692 atm (standard atmospheres)

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF THE BMP180PRESSURE SENSOR

The BMP180 is a piezoresistive sensor that detects pressure. Piezoresistive sensors
are made up of a semiconducting material (usually silicon) that changes resistance
when a mechanical force like atmospheric pressure is applied.

The BMP180 measures both pressure and temperature, because temperature

changes the density of gasses like air. At higher temperatures, air is not as dense
and heavy, so it applies less pressure on the sensor. At lower temperatures, air is
more dense and weighs more, so it exerts more pressure on the sensor. The sensor
uses real-time temperature measurements to compensate the pressure readings for
changes in air density.

The BMP180 outputs an uncompensated pressure (UP) value.

The pressure sensor in this project is a breakout board from Adafruit that uses
the Bosch BMP180 Barometric Pressure Sensor.
The Bosch BMP180 runs on 3.3V, but many breakout boards have a voltage
regulator and an I2C level shifter so you can power it with either 3.3V or 5V.

This diagram shows the pinout of the BMP180: