Angeles University Foundation-medical center

Department of pediatrics
Academic year 2013-2014

Commonly
Prescribed
DRUGS
Paracetamol 10-20mg/kg/dose Drops: 60mg/0.60 ml (Tempra)
Class:Analgesic Q 4 PO, IV Syrup: 120mg/5ml
MOA: Inhibition of cyclooxygenase pathway Afebrin, Calpol, Tempra
Use: Fever , Pain Syrup: 250mg/5ml
Afebrin, Calpol 6 plus, Tempra forte

Ibuprofen 5-10mg/kg/dose q 6-8 Syrup: 100mg/5ml

Class: NSAID 7-12 yr: 10ml Dolan FP
MOA:Inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2-6 yr: 5-10 ml
Use: fever , pain . inflammation

Mefenamic Acid 6.5mg/kg/dose q 6-8 PO Syr: 50mg/5ml

Class: NSAID Tab: 250mg, 500mg
MOA:Inhibition of cyclooxygenase
Use: pain , dysmenorrhea

AMINOPENICILLINS: ANTIBITOTICS =to treat urinary tract infections, otitis media, Haemophilus
influenzae, salmonellosis and Listeria meningitis.
1. Amoxicillin 30-50mg/kg/day q8 PO Drops: 100mg/5ml, 125mg/1.25ml
Brand: Syr: 125mg/5ml, 250mg/5ml
MOA:able to penetrate Gram-positive and Amoxil, Glamox, Himox, Sumoxil
some Gram-negative bacteria though t inhibits
cross-linkage between the linear peptidoglycan
polymer chains

2. Ampicillin 50-100mg/kg/day q 6 PO Syr: 125mg/5ml, 250mg/ml

Brand: Meningitic dose: 200- Cap: 250mg, 500mg
MOA:able to penetrate Gram-positive and 400mg/kg/day q 4-6 IV Vial: 100, 125, 500mg/vial
some Gram-negative bacteria THROUGH inhibition Ampicin, AMpedia, Pensyn
of transpeptidase
WITH BETA LACTAMASE INHIBITORS
1. Ampicillin- Sulbactam 50-100mg/kg/day q6 IV, IM 375 mg/vial (250mg Ampicillin)
(based on Ampicillin) 750 mg/vial (500mg Ampicillin)
,66=ampi 250mg / 5ml UNACIL

Oral:same amp- BID

2. Amoxicillin- Clavulanic Acid
Or Co-Amoxiclav
30-50 mg/kg/day q 8 IV, PO
Syr: 156mg/5ml (125,g Amox)
312mg/5ml (250mg Amox)
Cap: 375mg/tab (250 mg Amox)
625mg/tab (500mg Amox)
Vial: 300mg/vial (250mg Amox)
800mg/vial (500mg Amox)
1.2g/vial (1g Amox)
457/ 5 ML=AUGMENTIN

PENICILLINS = same with beta other beta lactams

1. Penicillin V 50,000-100,000 U/kg/day q6 125mg/5ml= 200,000 U/5ml
Phenoxymethyl-Penicillin High dose: 150,000-200,000 U/kg/day q6 250mg/5ml= 400,000 U/5ml
PO Pentacillin, Sumapen

2. Aqueous Pen G 50,000-100,000 U/kg/day q 6 1,000,000 U/vial

BenzylPenicillin Meningitic dose: 200,000- 400,000 5,000,000 U/vial
U/kg/day q 6 IV

PENICILLINASE RESISTANT PENICILLINS SKIN INFECTIONS- 10DAYS DURATION OF TX

1. Cloxacillin 75-100 mg/kg/day q6 PO Syrup: 125mg/5ml
Tab: 250mg, 500mg/tab

2. Oxacillin 75-100mg/kg/day q6 IV Vial: 250mg, 500mg/vial

MACROLIDES =MOA :inhibition of bacterial protein biosynthesis
1. Erythromycin 30-50mg/kg/day q6 PO Erycin/ Erythrocin
Tablet: 250mg, 500mg Drops: 100mg/2.5ml
Syrup: 200mg/5ml (also Macrocin)
Ilosine Drops: 100mg/ml
Syrup: 125mg/5ml, 250mg/5ml QID
Erymax: 40mg/5ml

2. Clarythromycin** 7.5mg/kg/dose q 12 PO 125mg/5ml Klaricid

3. Azithromycin** 10mg/kg/day x 3days PO 200mg/5ml Zithromax

**= longer half 0life and acid stable

CO-TRIMOXAZOLE 5-8mg/kg/day q 12 PO Syrup: 40mg/200mg/5ml

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
Class: sulfonamide antibiotic
(based on TMPmg) Septrin, Bactrim, Trimocon
TMPmg/ SMX mg/ml Syrup: 80mg/400mg/5ml
Septrin, Trizole, Bactile TS
Triglobe: 45mg/205mg
Cap: 160mg/800mg, 80mg/ 400mg

CHLORAMPHENICOL 50-100mg/kg/day q 6 IV, PO Syrup: 125mg/5ml

Vial: 1g/vial
Cap: 250mg, 500mg

AMINOGLYCOSIDES =more potent against gram negatives

1. Amikacin 15-22 mg/kg/day q 8 IV, IM 100, 250, 500mg/2ml Vial

2. Gentamicin 5-8 mg/kg/day q 8 IV, IM 80mg/2ml vial Garamycin

3. Tobramycin 6-7.5 mg/kg/day q 8 IV, IM 80mg/2ml vial Nebcin

4. Netilmicin 2.5 mg/kg/dose q 8 IV, IM 100mg/2ml vial Netromycin

CEPHALOSPORINS
1st Generation 25-50mg/kg/day q8 PO Syrup: 125mg/5ml, 250m
1. Cephalexin Drops: 100mg/ml Keflex,

2. Cephalotin 80-160mg/kg/day q6 IV 1gm/vial Keflin

2nd Generation 20-40mg/kg/day q12 PO 125mg/5ml Zinnacef, Zin

1. Cefuroxime 75-150mg/kg/day q 8 IV, IM 250mg/5ml Zinnat
250mg, 750mg, 1.5mg/vi
Tab: 125mg, 250mg, 500

2. Cefaclor 40mg/kg/day q 8 PO 125mg/ml, 250mg/5ml Ce

3. Cefoxitin 20-40mg/kg/day q 6-12 IV 1g/vial Mefoxin

3rd Generation 50-100mg/kg/day q 12-24 IV 250, 500mg, 1g/vial Roce

1. Ceftriaxone Typhoid: 75-80mg/kg/day x 7days

2. Cefotaxime 100-200 mg/kg/day q 6-8 IV 250mg, 500mg, 1g/vial C

3. Ceftazidime 90-150mg/kg/day q 8 IV 250mg, 500mg, 1g/vial F

4. Cefixime 6-8mg/kg/dose q 12 PO Drops: 20mg/ml --ULTRA

Susp: 100mg/5ml
Cap: 100mg, 200mg Terg
ANTI- KOCH’s

1. Isoniazid 5-10mg/kg/day OD, PO Trisovit: 50mg/5ml

Nicetal: 100mg/5ml
Odinah: 150mg/5ml
Comprilex: 200mg/5ml

2. Rifampicin 10-15mg/kg/day OD, PO 100mg/5ml Rimactane, Resimin, Rifasin

200mg/5ml Rifamax, Resimin, Rifasin
Rifamax drops: 100mg/5ml

3. Pyrazinamide 15-30mg/kg/day OD, PO 250mg/5ml, 500mg/tab

PZA- CIBA

4, Streptomycin 20-30mg/kg/day OD, IM 1g/vial

5. Ethambutol 15-25mg/kg/day OD 200mg, 400mg cap

ANTI-ASTHMA

1. Salbutamol 0.15-0.30 mg/kg/dose q 6 PO Syrup: 2mg/5ml

Tab: 2mg
Nebule: 5mg/2.5ml

2. Terbutaline 0.075mg/kg/dose q6 PO Syrup: 1.5mg/5ml

Nebule: 5mg/2ml Bricanyl

3. Hydrocortisone LD: 10-20mg/kg IV 100mg/vial

MD: 5-8 mg/kg/dose q 6 IV Give H2 Blocker

4. Prednisone Taper 0.5-2 mg/kg/day PO x 3-5days Tab: 5mg, 20mg

Give H2 Blocker
ANTI- HISTAMINES

1. Hydroxizine 1-2mg/kg/day q 12 PO Syrup: 2mg/ml

Tab: 10mg, 25mg Iterax

2. Diphenhydramine 5mg/kg/day q 6 PO, IV Tab: 25mg, 50mg cap

Anaphylaxis: 1-2mg/kg/dose IM, IV Vial: 50mg/ml Benadryl

3, Cetirizine 2-6 y/o: 5mg or 10 drops OD Oral drops: 10mg/ml

6-12 y/o: 1 tab Tab: 10mg Virlix
Drops: 10mg or 20 drops OD

4. Clemastine >12 y/o: 1 tab or 2 tsp Syrup: 0.5mg/5ml

6-12 y/o: ½ - 1tab or 1 ½ tab Tab: 1mg Tavegyl
1-3 y/o: ½ - 1 tsp
<1 y/o: 1-2.5 ml ALL TAKEN BID

5. Loratidine >12 y/o: 1 tab OD Syrup: 5mg/5ml

2-12 y/o: >30kg: 2 tsp OD Tab: 10mg Claritin
<30 kg: 1 tsp OD

CORTICOSTEROIDS

1. Bethamethasone >12 y/o: 1-2 tab QID after meals Syrup: 0.25mg/ 2mg/5ml
Dexchlorphenamine Maleate 6-12 y/o: ½ tab or ½ tsp TID Tab: 0.25mg/2mg Celestamine
2-6 y/o: 14 tsp TID
MUCOKINETICS/ EXPECTORANTS
1. Ambroxol
1.2 – 1.6mg/kg/day
Pedia Syrup or Syrup:
1-2 y/o: ½ tsp BID
2-6 y/o: ½ tsp TID
6-12 y/o: 1 tsp BID-TID
>12 y/o: 1 tab/ 1-2 tsp TID
Infant drops: 7.5mg/ml
13-14 mos: 1 ml BID
7-12 mos: 0.75ml BID
<6mos: 0.5ml BID
Pedia Syrup: 15mg/5ml
Syrup: 30mg/5ml Ambrolex

2. Bromhexine >12 y/o: 8mg tab or 10ml TID Tab: 8mg

6-12 y/o: 4mg tab or 5ml TID Elixir syrup: 4mg/5ml
2-6 y/o: 4mg tab BID/ 2.5 ml TID Bisolvon
<2 y/o: 1.2 ml TID

3. Carbocisteine
>12 y/o: 1 cap TID, 1-2 tsp TID Cap: 500mg, Forte syrup: 500mg/5ml
8 -12 y/o: 1 ½ tsp Syrup: 200mg/5ml
4 -7 y/o: 1 tsp Drops: 40mg/ml
2-3 y/o: ½ tsp TID Solmux
6-12 mos: 1ml 3-6 mos: 0.75ml
1-3 mos: 0.5ml TID

4. Salbutamol, Carbocisteine >12 y/o: 1 cap or 1-2 tsp Cap: 2mg/500mg

7-12 y/o: ½ - 1 tsp Susp: 2mg/500mg/5ml
2-6 y/o: ½ tsp TID Solmux Broncho
(0.15mg/dose)

5. Salbutamol, Guaifenesin >12 y/o: 1-2 cap 6-12 y/o: 1 cap Syrup: 50mg/1mg
>12 y/o: 2 tsp 6-12 y/o: 2 tsp Cap: 100mg/2mg
<2-6 y/o: 1 tsp BID- TID Ventolin Expectorant

6. Pentoxyverine 4-6 tab/day Syrup: 7.5mg/5ml

Syrup: 1 ml TID Tab: 25 mg
DECONGESTANTS
1. Phenylproplanolamine 1-2 y/o: 1ml 7-12 mo: 3/4ml Drops: 6.25mg/ml
MOA: acts on alpha and beta 4-6 mo: 1/2ml 1-3 mo: 1/4ml Syrup: 12.5mg/5ml (Disudrin)
adrenergic receptors in respiratory 7-12 y/o: 1tsp 2-6 y/o: ½ tsp QID
mucosa

2. Brompheniramine meleate+ 0.1mg/kg/dose TID-QID Drops

phenylpropanolamine 2-4 y/o: ¾ tsp 4-12 y/o: 1 tsp Pedia syrup
>12 y/o: 1-2 tsp. ALL TID-QID Syrup (Dimetapp) , Nasatapp

3. Carbinoxamine 1-6 y/o: 1 tsp 6-12 y/o: 2 tsp Syrup: 1.3mg/16.6mg/5ml

>12 y/o: 1 cap/ 1 tbsp BID Cap: 4mg/20mg
(Rhinopront)

4. NaCl 2-4 drops/nostril TID-QID Pedia Nasal drops: 0.65%

Spray enough amount/nostril Spray: -.65% Salinase

ANTI-CONVULSANTS
1. Phenobarbital LD: 10-20mg/kg IV Grain: 1 tab= 65mg
MD: 5-8 mg/kg/day q 12 PO, IV Tab: 15, 30, 60, 90mg Phil USA
Max: 1-2 g Vial: 130mg/ml Vial

2. Phenytoin LD: 10-20mg/ kg IV Susp: 30mg/5ml, 125mg/5ml

MD: 5-8mg/kg/day q 12 PO, IV Vial: 100mg/2ml
Max: 1 g Cap: 30mg. 100mg, Dilantin

3. Diazepam 0.2- 0.5mg/kg/dose IV Tab: 2mg, 5mg, 10mg

0.3mg/kg/dose, Rectal Vial: 10mg/2ml Valium
Max: <5 y/o: 5mg
>5 y/o: 10mg
ANTI-PARASITIC

1.Metronidazole Amoebiasis: 30-50mg/kg/day q 8 PO x Syrup: 125mg/5ml

10days Suppository: 1g
Anaerobic Infection: Tab: 250mg, 500mg
LD: 15mg/kg IB Vial: 500mg/100ml Flagyl
MD: 7.5mg/kg/dose q 6 PO, IV

2. Diloxanide Furoate 20-40mg/kg/day q8 PO x 10days Syrup: 125mg/5ml

Metronidazole + Diloxanide Furoate 5-12 y/o: 1 tab TID x 5days Tab: 500mg Furamide
(Entamazole) >12y/o: 2 tabs TID x 5days Tab: 200mg/250mg Entamazole

3. Piperazine Citrate Ascariasis: 75mg/kg/day OD x 2days Syrup: 625mg/5ml

Enterobiasis: 65mg/kg/day OD x 7days

4. Pyrantel Pamoate Ascariasis/Enterobiasis: 11mg/kg PO Syrup: 125mg/5ml Bonicol, Combantrin

single dose 20mg/ml Quantrel
Repeat if needed after 2 weeks
Max: 1g

NIFUROXAMIDE >12 y/o: 1 cap QID Cap: 200mg

>6mo: 1 tsp TID Syrup: 220mg/5ml Ercefuryl
<6mo: 1 tsp BID

ANTI-VIRAL

ACYCLOVIR 20mg/kg/dose QID x 5days Susp: 200mg/5ml

Chicken pox >6 y/o: 800mg Tab: 200mg, 400mg, 800mg
Max: 800mg/dose 2-6 y/o: 400mg Vial: 250mg/vial
<2 y/o: 200mg ALL QID
ANTACIDS

1. Hydrotalcite, Dicycloverine, Peptic Ulcer: 2 tabs q 4 Suspension

Simethicone Hyperacidity: 1-2 tabs after meals Tablet
Pedia: 1 tsp, taken 1 hr & 3 hrs after Kremil S
measl & HS

2. AlMg(OH)3 (Maalox) 2-4 tab 20min- 1 hr after measl & HS Chew tab: 200mg/200mg
AlMg(OH)3, Dimethicone (Maalox 2-4 tsp QID. Max: 16 tsp Susp: 200mg/ 225mg/5ml
Plus) 2-4 tab or tsp susp QID after meals & HS Chew tab: 200mg/200mg/25mg
Susp: 200mg/225mg/25mg/5ml

ANTI-SPASMODIC

1. Dicycloverine Adult: 1-2 tbsp or 2 tabs TID Syrup: 10mg/5ml

Pedia: 1 tsp infants ½ tsp TID Tab: 10mg
Tab: 2-12 y/o: 1-2 tabs or ½ tab
15 min b4 feeding TID-QID

2. Hysocine N ButylBromide Pedia: 5mg TID IV Vial: 20mg/ml

Buscopan