DIFFERENT TEXT TYPES
1. DESCRIPTIVE
A descriptive text type is a type of text which explains
a flamboyant expression of things and usually describes its
characteristics and why things are special. This aims to show
rather than tell the reader what something/someone is more
like. Writing this kind of text also helps a writer to develop an
aspect of their work.
Examples:
My father is old enough, around 73 years old. He
weighs 67 kilos and 168 cms. He has short black hair and black
eyes. He doesnt have any moustache and beard, but he has
two mole on his cheeck. His skin is dark brown. My father
doesnt work anymore. He retires as a doctor and now runs a
home business at home.
My mother is old enough too, around 65 years old.
She is short, about 150 cms and 55 kilograms. He has long black
and gray hair. Her skin is brown and her faces has some pimple.
My mother is a retirement of goverment worker, too. She used
to work as a nurse in a hospital in Tangerang. Now, she just
stays at home helping my father running home business.
2. NARRATIVE
It is a text used to entertain, to gain, and to hold
reader’s interest in the story. It is used to educate and
enlighten writer’s reflection on their experiences. It can be
imaginary, factual, or combination of both. This has many
types and may include myths, fables, fiction, fairytales,
romances, etc.
Example:
The sun shone brightly and the west breeze blew. The
kite was flying this way and that way tied to her string.
Suddenly the string snapped. The kite was free. She soared
high in the air until she could see far, far away. The kite
followed some parrots who took her to see the rainforests. The
air was cool and the kite got wet. The kite followed some
crocodiles who took her to see the rivers. The air was misty
and the kite caught a fish. The kite followed some wallabies
who took her to see the deserts. The air was hot and the kite
got tired. So the kite followed the sun who took her back
home, right to her string
3. COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
It is used to develop a topic by examining likeness or
difference to another thing, process or state. Comparison and
contrast is used as a means of presenting ideas on a variety of
topics. It is often used in persuasive writing when a writer tries
to convince the reader of the advantages of one point of view
compared to another or can be used independently in a
combination.
Some useful transition words:
 On the other hand Nevertheless
 Similarly on the contrary
 Yet Though
 Unlike Despite
 In the same way However
DIFFERENT TEXT TYPES
1. DESCRIPTIVE
A descriptive text type is a type of text which explains
a flamboyant expression of things and usually describes its
characteristics and why things are special. This aims to show
rather than tell the reader what something/someone is more
like. Writing this kind of text also helps a writer to develop an
aspect of their work.
Examples:
My father is old enough, around 73 years old. He
weighs 67 kilos and 168 cms. He has short black hair and black
eyes. He doesnt have any moustache and beard, but he has
two mole on his cheeck. His skin is dark brown. My father
doesnt work anymore. He retires as a doctor and now runs a
home business at home.
My mother is old enough too, around 65 years old.
She is short, about 150 cms and 55 kilograms. He has long black
and gray hair. Her skin is brown and her faces has some pimple.
My mother is a retirement of goverment worker, too. She used
to work as a nurse in a hospital in Tangerang. Now, she just
stays at home helping my father running home business.
2. NARRATIVE
It is a text used to entertain, to gain, and to hold
reader’s interest in the story. It is used to educate and
enlighten writer’s reflection on their experiences. It can be
imaginary, factual, or combination of both. This has many
types and may include myths, fables, fiction, fairytales,
romances, etc.
Example:
The sun shone brightly and the west breeze blew. The
kite was flying this way and that way tied to her string.
Suddenly the string snapped. The kite was free. She soared
high in the air until she could see far, far away. The kite
followed some parrots who took her to see the rainforests. The
air was cool and the kite got wet. The kite followed some
crocodiles who took her to see the rivers. The air was misty
and the kite caught a fish. The kite followed some wallabies
who took her to see the deserts. The air was hot and the kite
got tired. So the kite followed the sun who took her back
home, right to her string
3. COMPARISON AND CONTRAST
It is used to develop a topic by examining likeness or
difference to another thing, process or state. Comparison and
contrast is used as a means of presenting ideas on a variety of
topics. It is often used in persuasive writing when a writer tries
to convince the reader of the advantages of one point of view
compared to another or can be used independently in a
combination.
Some useful transition words:
 On the other hand Nevertheless
 Similarly on the contrary
 Yet Though
 Unlike Despite
 In the same way However
Example:
I raised Marcee and Obbie from puppies, they have
completely diverse personalities. Obbie is a six year old, male,
toy Pomeranian whereas Marcee is a one year old, female,
Boston terrier. Obbie is small and soft, unlike Marcee who has
bristly hair and is much bigger. Marcee insists on sleeping on
the bed, under the covers every night. On the other hand,
Obbie will only sleep on the floor, under the bed. Obbie is
tremendously loyal and uptight; however, Marcee is hyper and
friendly to anyone she meets or sees. Around other dogs,
Marcee cowers to the larger dog, yet Obbie will always stand
his ground, never giving up until he is scolded. Given that they
were both treated the same way all their life, it is hard to
believe that they are so different in everything they do.
4. ARGUMENTATIVE
These texts are intended to influence and convince
the audience or readers in terms of communicative functions.
This type of text proves that his/her opinion, theory or
hypothesis about an issue is correct or more truthful than
those others. It is very similar to persuasive text but the
difference is that you are arguing for your opinion as opposed
to others rather than directly trying to persuade someone to
adopt your point of view.
Example:
Clubbing is a new way to have a great time. It is about
teenagers going out with their parents. They go to clubs that
are just the same as any other, but there is no alcohol and no
smoking. I think this is a good idea because it gives you the
chance to see your parents and to learn more about them. In
spite of that, I think it is better to go out with friends because
they share your same interests. I prefer the last option because
my friends are more like me.
5. CAUSE AND EFFECT
A cause is something that makes something else
happen. Out of two events, it is the event that happens first.
In determining the cause, ask the question “why did it
happen?” An effect is what happens as a result of the cause.
It the one that happens next or last. In determining the effect,
ask the question “what happened?”
Example:
Since it was raining, Alice brought her umbrella to
school. Because they earned extra money, the children bought
an ice cream treat. The baby spilled milk on the floor so Mom
got the mop. Mark and Arthur needed extra money so they
started a pet business. Because Cat made up new rules, Mouse
said he wasn’t a fair player. Matthew and Tilley had a fight, so
Matthew looked for a new best friend.
Example:
I raised Marcee and Obbie from puppies, they have
completely diverse personalities. Obbie is a six year old, male,
toy Pomeranian whereas Marcee is a one year old, female,
Boston terrier. Obbie is small and soft, unlike Marcee who has
bristly hair and is much bigger. Marcee insists on sleeping on
the bed, under the covers every night. On the other hand,
Obbie will only sleep on the floor, under the bed. Obbie is
tremendously loyal and uptight; however, Marcee is hyper and
friendly to anyone she meets or sees. Around other dogs,
Marcee cowers to the larger dog, yet Obbie will always stand
his ground, never giving up until he is scolded. Given that they
were both treated the same way all their life, it is hard to
believe that they are so different in everything they do.
4. ARGUMENTATIVE
These texts are intended to influence and convince
the audience or readers in terms of communicative functions.
This type of text proves that his/her opinion, theory or
hypothesis about an issue is correct or more truthful than
those others. It is very similar to persuasive text but the
difference is that you are arguing for your opinion as opposed
to others rather than directly trying to persuade someone to
adopt your point of view.
Example:
Clubbing is a new way to have a great time. It is about
teenagers going out with their parents. They go to clubs that
are just the same as any other, but there is no alcohol and no
smoking. I think this is a good idea because it gives you the
chance to see your parents and to learn more about them. In
spite of that, I think it is better to go out with friends because
they share your same interests. I prefer the last option because
my friends are more like me.
5. CAUSE AND EFFECT
A cause is something that makes something else
happen. Out of two events, it is the event that happens first.
In determining the cause, ask the question “why did it
happen?” An effect is what happens as a result of the cause.
It the one that happens next or last. In determining the effect,
ask the question “what happened?”
Example:
Since it was raining, Alice brought her umbrella to
school. Because they earned extra money, the children bought
an ice cream treat. The baby spilled milk on the floor so Mom
got the mop. Mark and Arthur needed extra money so they
started a pet business. Because Cat made up new rules, Mouse
said he wasn’t a fair player. Matthew and Tilley had a fight, so
Matthew looked for a new best friend.