RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC

1 Introduction 4.5.3.3 General View Menu

1.1 Introduction 4.5.3.4 General Tools Menu
2 Installation 4.5.3.5 General Report Menu
2.1 Program Installation 4.5.3.6 General Window Menu
2.2 Dongle Setup 4.5.3.7 General Help Menu
2.3 Configure RAPT for Shared Network Use 4.5.4 General Message Window
3 File Management 5 Design Standards
3.1 RAPT Data File Types 5.1 Introduction
3.2 RAPT Frame File 5.2 General
3.3 Column 5.3 Prestress
3.4 Cross-Section 5.4 Reinforcement
3.5 Profile 5.4.1 Limits
3.6 RAPT Design Standards File 5.4.2 Arrangement
3.7 RAPT Materials Data File 5.5 Design
4 User Interface 5.6 Deflections
4.1 Start Screen 5.7 Load Combinations
4.1.1 Start Screen - File Menu 6 Materials
4.1.2 Start Screen - View Menu 6.1 Introduction
4.1.3 Start Screen - Help Menu 6.2 Defaults
4.2 User Preferences 6.2.1 General
4.2.1 Unit and Fonts 6.2.2 Reinforcement
4.2.2 User Options 6.3 Concrete Properties
4.2.3 Page Options 6.4 Reinforcement Bar
4.2.4 Line Options 6.5 Reinforcement Mesh
4.2.5 Output Report Settings 6.6 Carbon Fibre
4.3 Keyboard Map 6.7 Structural Decking Types
4.4 Data Entry 6.7.1 Structural Decking Sheet Properties
4.4.1 Cell Data Types 6.7.2 Structural Decking Flange Properties
4.4.2 Cell Editing and Navigation 6.7.3 Structural Decking Web Properties
4.4.3 Cell Selection 6.7.4 Structural Decking Voids
4.4.4 Cell Repeating 6.8 Prestressing Strand
4.4.5 Imperial Length 6.8.1 Bonded Monostrand Anchorage Sizes
4.4.6 Cell Formula Input 6.8.1.1 Anchorage Properties
4.4.7 Cell Colours 6.8.1.2 Tendon Data
4.5 Screen Layout 6.8.2 Bonded Multistrand Anchorage Sizes
4.5.1 General Screen Layout Principles 6.8.2.1 Anchorage Properties
4.5.2 General Toolbar Layout 6.8.2.2 Tendon Data
4.5.3 General Menu 6.8.3 Unbonded Monostrand
4.5.3.1 General File Menu 6.8.4 Unbonded Multistrand Anchorage Sizes
4.5.3.2 General Edit Menu 6.8.4.1 Tendon Data
Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents 2
RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC
6.8.5 Pretensioned 7.2.4.1.2.2 Bending Moment Diagram - Spans
6.9 Prestressing Bar 7.2.4.1.3 Moment Envelopes
6.10 Prestressing Wire 7.2.4.1.3.1 Bending Moment Envelope - Columns
6.10.1 Bonded Multiwire Anchorage Sizes 7.2.4.1.3.2 Bending Moment Envelope - Spans
6.10.1.1 Anchorage Properties 7.2.4.1.4 Moving Loads
6.10.1.2 Tendon Data 7.2.4.1.4.1 Moving Line Loads
6.10.2 Pretensioned 7.2.4.1.4.2 Moving Area Loads
7 Frame Definition and Design 7.2.4.1.4.3 Moving Point Loads
7.1 Modelling Approach 7.2.4.1.4.4 Moving Loads Details
7.1.1 Tendon Profiles 7.2.4.2 Load Combinations
7.1.2 Tendon Actions 7.2.4.2.1 Load Combinations - Ultimate
7.1.3 Transverse Beams / Drop Panels / Steps 7.2.4.2.2 Load Combinations - Short-Term Service
7.1.4 Concrete Layers / Elements 7.2.4.2.3 Load Combinations - Permanent Service
7.1.5 Frame Systems 7.2.4.2.4 Load Combinations - Deflection
7.2 Frame Definition 7.2.4.2.5 Load Combinations - Transfer Prestress
7.2.1 Input Dialog 7.2.4.2.6 Load Combinations - Pre-Existing
7.2.2 General Screen 7.2.4.3 Lateral Distribution Factors
7.2.3 Frame Shape Screen Layout 7.2.5 Prestress Data
7.2.3.1 Span Data 7.2.5.1 Drape Locations
7.2.3.2 Column Data 7.2.5.2 Allowable Profiles
7.2.3.3 Beam Data 7.2.5.3 Adopted Profiles
7.2.3.4 Drop Panel Data 7.2.5.4 Details
7.2.3.5 Transverse Beams/Bands 7.2.5.5 Jacking Sequence
7.2.3.6 Layers 7.2.6 Reinforcement
7.2.3.7 Steps 7.2.6.1 Reinforcing Bar Types
7.2.3.7.1 Vertical Steps / Tapers 7.2.6.2 Reinforcing Bar Design Details
7.2.3.7.2 Horizontal Steps / Tapers 7.2.6.3 Design Zones
7.2.3.8 Elements 7.2.6.4 User Defined Reinforcement
7.2.3.8.1 Trapezoidal 7.2.6.4.1 Reinforcing Bars, Mesh and Fibre Reinforced Polymers
7.2.3.8.2 Circular 7.2.6.4.2 Metal Decking
7.2.4 Loads 7.2.7 Design Data
7.2.4.1 Load Cases 7.2.7.1 Ultimate Design Data
7.2.4.1.1 Applied Loads 7.2.7.2 Crack Control Design Data
7.2.4.1.1.1 Line Loads 7.2.7.3 Deflection Design Data
7.2.4.1.1.2 Panel Loads 7.2.7.4 Earthquake Design Data
7.2.4.1.1.3 Area Loads 7.2.7.5 Pattern Load Design Data
7.2.4.1.1.4 Point Loads 7.3 Frame Design/Results
7.2.4.1.1.5 Point Moments 7.3.1 Viewing Output Results
7.2.4.1.2 Moment Diagrams 7.3.1.1 Output Tree
7.2.4.1.2.1 Bending Moment Diagram - Columns 7.3.1.2 Viewing Output Results - Graphics Windows
Table of Contents 3 Table of Contents 4
RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC
7.3.1.3 Creating A Report T.1.3 Selection of Level of Prestress
7.3.1.4 Transferring Output Data to other Programs T.2 Frame Properties
7.3.2 Input T.2.1 Column Calculations
7.3.2.1 Input Text T.2.1.1 Equivalent Column Calculations
7.3.2.2 Frame Graphics T.2.1.2 Net Column Stiffness
7.3.2.3 Load Graphics T.2.1.3 Enhanced Column Stiffness
7.3.2.4 Prestress Profiles T.2.2 Slab / Beam Calculations
7.3.2.4.1 Prestress Profiles T.3 Blank
7.3.2.4.2 Graphics T.4 Lateral Distribution Factors
7.3.2.5 Reinforcement Graphics T.4.1 Column Strip Widths
7.3.3 Warnings T.5 Critical Sections
7.3.4 Frame Properties T.5.1 Flexure
7.3.5 Prestress T.5.2 Shear
7.3.5.1 Tendon Forces T.6 Ultimate Flexure
7.3.5.2 Tendon Actions T.7 Serviceability
7.3.5.3 Secondary Forces T.7.1 General
7.3.6 Bending Moments T.7.2 Cracking Moment
7.3.6.1 Bending Moments - Column Actions T.7.3 Concrete
7.3.6.2 Moment/Shear Diagram T.7.3.1 Stress / Strain Curve
7.3.6.3 Moment/Shear Envelope T.7.3.2 Forces in a Cross Section
7.3.6.4 Bending Moments - Load Cases T.7.3.3 Youngs Modulus of Concrete
7.3.6.5 Bending Moments - Load Combinations T.7.3.4 Creep
7.3.7 Flexural Design T.7.3.5 Shrinkage
7.3.7.1 Flexural Design - Reinforcement T.7.4 Reinforcement
7.3.7.2 Flexural Design - Ultimate T.7.5 Tendons
7.3.7.2.1 Flexural Design - Ductility T.7.6 Crack Control for Flexure
7.3.7.3 Flexural Design - Service T.7.6.1 Prestressed Slabs
7.3.7.4 Flexural Design - Transfer T.7.6.2 Prestressed Beams
7.3.8 Shear Design - Beam T.7.6.3 Reinforced Slabs
7.3.9 Shear Design - Punching T.7.6.4 Reinforced Beams
7.3.10 Deflections T.7.7 Deflections
7.3.11 Detailed Reinforcement T.7.7.1 Summary of Method
7.3.12 Reinforcement Layout T.7.7.2 Loading Cases
8 Column Definition and Design T.7.7.3 Curvature Conditions
9 Cross-section Definition and Design T.7.7.4 Deflection Cases
10 Tendon Profile Definition and Design T.7.7.5 Creep Curvature
T Theory T.7.7.6 Shrinkage Curvature
T.1 Preliminary Sizing T.7.7.7 Tension Stiffening
T.1.1 Initial Selection of Section Depth T.7.7.8 Two Way Systems
T.1.2 Determination of Load to be Balanced T.7.7.9 Deflection Limits
Table of Contents 5 Table of Contents 6
RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC
T.8 Transfer T.16.1 From Angle Change
T.9 Ultimate Shear T.16.1.1 Forces in Spans
T.9.1 Punching Shear T.16.1.2 Forces in Cantilevers
T.9.1.1 Punching Shear to AS3600 T.16.1.3 Forces due to Change in Centroids
T.9.1.2 Punching Shear to BS8110 & SABS 0100 T.16.2 From Anchorage Eccentricity
T.9.1.3 Punching Shear to ACI318 T.17 Fibre Reinforced Polymers
T.9.1.4 Punching Shear to EUROCODE2 T.18 Metal Decking
T.9.2 Beam Shear 12 References
T.9.2.1 RAPT Summary 13 Appendix
T.9.2.2 Principal Tensile Strength 13.1 Local Adaptation of Codes
T.9.2.3 Flexure-Shear Strength AS3600 13.2 Example RAPT Runs
T.9.2.4 Reinforcing for Shear to AS3600
T.9.2.5 Reinforcing for Shear to BS8110 & SABS 0100
T.9.2.6 Reinforcing for Shear to ACI318
T.9.2.7 Reinforcing for Shear - EUROCODE2
T.10 Secondary Moments
T.11 Losses of Prestress
T.11.1 Immediate Losses
T.11.1.1 Friction within the Live Anchorage
T.11.1.2 Friction along the Duct
T.11.1.3 Drawin at the Anchorage
T.11.1.4 Elastic Shortening
T.11.2 Long-term Losses of Prestress
T.11.2.1 Shrinkage of the Concrete
T.11.2.2 Creep of the Concrete
T.11.2.3 Relaxation of the Strands
T.12 Strand Extension
T.13 Columns
T.13.1 Columns - Stocky
T.13.2 Columns - Slender
T.14 Composite Steel Beams
T.14.1 Effective Flange Width
T.14.2 Elastic Section Properties
T.14.3 Design based on Elastic Methods
T.14.4 Design based on Plastic (Strength Limit State) Methods
T.14.5 Shear Stud Design
T.14.6 Stud Detailing
T.14.7 Ductility
T.15 Anchorage Zones
T.16 Prestress Forces Imposed
Table of Contents 7 Table of Contents 8
RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC
• RAPT will also calculate (if chosen by designer) moments and forces in the structure due to pattern loading.
1 Introduction The pattern loading rules used vary depending on the design code selected and comply completely with the
specific rules for loading pattern and load factors defined in each design code.

1.1 Introduction • RAPT performs a frame analysis for all the loads on the structure and combines them for transfer, service
(moment controlled design envelopes are calculated, ultimate (both moment controlled and shear controlled
The RAPT computer package is a design and analysis tool for reinforced and post-tensioned concrete slab and beam design envelopes are calculated) and deflection cases / conditions using the combinations given in the code
systems, developed by Prestressed Concrete Design Consultants. selected for the design (or as modified by the user in input). All the separate load cases or combinations may
RAPT is a computer package for computers running Microsoft Windows Operating System which, given the basic be plotted to the screen or printer. The plots and printouts show maximum moments and shears at the critical
structural layout of a one or two-way reinforced or partially post-tensioned beam / slab system, will perform the sections.
analysis and design to
• For two-way systems the lateral distribution of bending moments across the panel width is automatically
carried out. Again the designer is free to over-ride the factors determined by the program.
1. The Australian Concrete Structures Code AS3600
2. The British Concrete Structures Code BS 8110 • The design of each span involves ultimate service, and transfer calculations. These are carried out at a series
3. The American Building Code ACI 318 for Reinforced Concrete of evenly spaced points in each span with specific points included to cover all possible critical sections. These
4. Eurocode2 include critical moment regions, changes in cross-section and ends of internally stressed tendons. (column
5. South African Concrete Code SABS0100-1 and middle strip). The locations of the critical sections for bending at the columns are automatically calculated
6. Singapore Standard CP 65 by RAPT. Detailed output may be requested giving all steel stresses and concrete stresses. A cracked section
7. Hong Kong Code of Practice for Structural Use of Concrete - CP2004 analysis is performed if a section is in tension under working or transfer loads. A separate stand-alone cross-
8. Indian Codes of Practice for Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete - IS456/IS1343 section utility is included in the package which enables a cross-section of any shape, reinforced/partially
prestressed to be fully detailed or investigated for all of the above and for beam shear.
These seven base codes can then be further modified to simulate other codes. Users have the ability to adjust the • Deflections are calculated using moment-area principles, using curvatures calculated based on the level of
following parameters cracking at each of the design points and allowing for tension stiffening and long term creep and shrinkage
effects based on the concrete properties and stresses and the reinforcement pattern in the member. Transfer
1. Code Specific Design Information (self weight for RC members), short-term, incremental and long-term deflections are calculated along with
2. Load / Safety Factors span/deflection ratios for comparison purposes . These may be plotted to the screen or printer if requested.
3. Concrete Properties RAPT also calculates deflections based on odd span and even span patterning of loads if requested.
4. Reinforcement Properties
5. Prestressing Properties • Punching shear and beam shear are investigated for each column and span. The required spacing of stirrups
is printed for points along each span.

The package has been written by practising structural engineers to be used as an everyday design tool.
The following is a summary of design using RAPT
• The input is fully interactive using spreadsheet style entries with automatic updating of graphics.
Common parameters are defaulted wherever possible. Interactive Graphic views of all input
information are available for checking values input.
• Design results may be viewed interactively on the screen for each section of data in tabular text or graphical
format with text information data available interactively. Output reports are created automatically to the
requirements of the designer and may be viewed on the screen or previewed and printed to any windows
printer including file utilities such as Adobe Acrobat. Each segment of the results may be individually selected.
Thus reams of superfluous output may be controlled.

• The input briefly consists of defining the overall concrete dimensions, applied dead and live loads, the
prestress strand data, tendon start and end locations and loads which the designer wishes to balance or
tendon profiles and number of tendons.

• RAPT determines the number of tendons required and the profiles they should have to balance the requested
loads. Designers are at liberty to alter any decision that RAPT makes on their behalf regarding
numbers of tendons and tendon profiles. For post-tensioned systems RAPT recognises that there are
many solutions for a given set of data. For example more tendons may be added and the drapes modified to
achieve the same balanced loads. In fact, if during a run, the designer wishes to totally revise the
prestressing layout he is free to do so, again and again until a solution is reached that accomplishes his
requirements. In this way the most economical solution may be found.

• RAPT calculates all short-term and long-term losses of prestress using parabolic or harped profiles with
automatic calculation of reverse curves.

• Tendon offsets from the concrete soffit to the underside of the ducts are given at approximately one metre
centres. A graphics plot may be requested which draws the tendon profiles within the concrete cross-section,
noting the offsets and spaces thereof. Strand extension figures are also calculated.

• An unlimited number of separate tendon profiles may be simultaneously incorporated in any single design.
These may extend full length or stop short at any point within any span. Tendons may be jacked from either
or both ends. For two-way systems separate profiling is done for column and middle strips. The tendon size,
profile, start end locations etc can vary between column and middle strips.

• RAPT calculates all forces imposed on the system by the action of the prestress - distributed loads, moments,
forces at changes in cross-section, eccentric anchorages and vertical forces at ends of drapes. The forces are
calculated at long-term and at transfer forming two separate load cases that are automatically used in the
ANALYSIS option.

• Secondary reactions and bending moments are automatically calculated by RAPT.

• Equivalent frame properties are calculated using specific inertias within each span and four inertias in each
column.

• Loads can be entered as uniform distributed loads, linear distributed loads, point loads, point moments or as
a moment diagram.

1 Introduction 1 1 Introduction 2
RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC

2 Installation

2.1 Program Installation

The RAPT installation program is easy to use. Double click the setup.exe program or when inserting the RAPT
installation CD into your CD-ROM drive, the installation program will start.

Step1: The Welcome screen. Click Next button to go to next step.

Step 2: The Licence Agreement screen. Please read carefully. If you don't agree with the licence agreement, please
click Cancel to exit installation. Otherwise, click Next button.
Step 3: Choose the destination folder screen. The default folder to install RAPT is C:\RAPT6. To specify a different
folder, click Browse... button. After the destination folder has been selected, click Next button to continue.
Step 4: Install Dongle driver screen. If you already have an up-to-date dongle driver, choose "Do not install dongle
drivers" option. Otherwise, if you are going to access the dongle locally, choose "Install dongle drivers" option. If you
are going to have a network dongle on this computer and allow other computers to access this network dongle via
network, choose "Setup network dongle and install network drivers" option. Click Next button to go to next step.
RAPT now has the option of 2 different dongle types

• Wibu CodeMeter dongles - USB standalone or network dongles.

• Aladdin Hardlock Dongle - either Parallel Port or USB versions of stand alone or network dongles.

Drivers for both dongle types can be installed on the same computer if a company has a mix of dongles. The same
version of the RAPT executable will access both dongle types.

Step 6: Select program manager group. This screen will decide where to put the RAPT icon in the computer start
menu. A RAPT short cut icon will also be put onto user's desktop.
Step 7: Now the setup program has gathered all the information it needs to start install RAPT. Click Next button to
start installation or click Back button to go back and change installation settings.
Step 8: Setup is installing all the RAPT files to the computer. This includes the HTML help system. If your computer
already has an up-to-date help system, you will see this dialog

Just click OK to continue.

Step 9: If you chose "Install dongle drivers" option or "Setup network dongle and install network drivers" option in
Step 4, the installation program will start to install one of the Hardlock drivers.

Step 10: The Installation is complete screen. Click Finish button to finish installation. In some systems, installation will
prompt you to restart your computer to complete the installation. You should close all the other applications, make
sure all the current work has been saved, then click OK to restart your computer.

Step 5: Specify code and material screen. In this screen, choose the default design code and default material you want
to use. Also choose your preferred default unit.

2 Installation 1 2 Installation 2
RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC

2.2 Dongle Setup

RAPT now has the option of 2 different dongle types

• Wibu CodeMeter dongles - USB standalone or network dongles.

• Aladdin Hardlock Dongle - either Parallel Port or USB versions of stand alone or network dongles.

Wibu CodeMeter Dongle Setup

The Wibu CodeMeter dongle does not have proprietary drivers, it uses standard Windows drivers. It does however
have a comprehensive control program called CodeMeter Control Centre as shown below. We have only described the
use of the functionality required for RAPT use below. The CodeMeter Control Centre has its own Help screens that
describe all other functionality.

Dashboard - Server List

To obtain the list of services available on the computer/network, open the Dashboard and click on the Current Server
at the bottom left of the page (shown below). CodeMeter will then search for all of the services available and list them.
This will normally need to be done when the dongle is first installed on the computer. To view the properties of any
service from any of the listed services, select it here. You will be able to view but not modify the service data on other
computers. You will be able to view and modify the data on the service on your computer. To run to the server on your
computer, select that server here.

Licensing
The Licensing Update tab allows the user to create a Context file which must be sent to PCDC to create a remote
update file in cases where the licensing information needs to be updated. Follow through the default options and
create License Update Request. Email this file to PCDC for updating. We will modify the file with the updated
information and return a License Update File which can be activated by going through the same process using the
License Update Tab selecting Import License Update. Changes can be made to

• name and address

• number of licenses

Administration
The WebAdmin button at the bottom of the dialog will take the user to the main administration pages in your web
browser. The following page will be opened on clicking this button.

2.2 Installation: Dongle Setup 1 2.2 Installation: Dongle Setup 2

RAPT User Manual Copyright PCDC

Network Access
The basic network setup is carried out in the Configuration - Network pages shown below.

To set up for network access, you need to

1. On the Dongle Server computer, tick the Run Network Server checkbox in Configuration - Server - Server
Access. CmWan Server is not available for RAPT dongles.
2. On the Client computers running RAPT on a different subnet or on a WAN, nominate the IP address (preferred
for different subnet) or the DNS name of the CodeMeter Server in the Server Search List in Configuration -
Basic - Server Search List. Multiple Dongle servers can be nominated. If servers are listed here, they are the
only servers that will be searched for licenses, so if it is necessary to limit access of certain computers to
specific dongles, the dongle server should be nominated here.

When either of the 2 operations above are carried out, CodeMeter may need to be Stopped and Restarted in the
CodeMeter Control Centre - Process Menu.
You will also need to ensure that the Network Port 22350 is open for access in your Firewall program (done
automatically in Windows Firewall) and that both the CodeMeter Executable and the RAPTw executable are listed in
allowed programs in the Firewall.

Where there are multiple CodeMeter dongles on a network, you can list the one/s you want to access in the Server
Search List. CodeMeter will search through the list from top to bottom until it finds an available dongle.

2.2 Installation: Dongle Setup 3