➢ Salt + H2SO4(Dilute)

IF Effervescence Then CO3-2 Confirmed. (Dilute Acid Group)

➢ Salt + H2SO4(Conc.)
IF Yellow Fumes Then Conc. Acid Group. (NO3-, Br-, NO3-, I-)
❖ Now Add Paper Chips in The Above Solution
• IF Reddish Brown Fumes Occur Then NO3-.
• IF Fumes Are Orange or Yellow Then Br-.
• IF Blue Fumes Occur Then NO3-.
• IF Fumes Are Dark Brown or Black Then NO2-.

➢ Salt + NaOH + Heat

IF Smell of NH4+ Gas Then NH4+ Confirmed.
➢ Salt + H20 + dil.HCL (O.S)
IF Black ppt. Then Cu2+ Confirmed.
➢ O.S + Conc.HNO3 + Boil(5 min)(Yellow coloration) + cool + NH4Cl(Solid) +
NH4OH(excess)
IF Reddish Brown ppt Then Fe3+ Confirmed.
IF White ppt Then Al3+ Confirmed.
➢ Above Solution + H2S Gas
IF White ppt Comes Then Zn2+
IF Black ppt Comes Then NI2+
IF Flesh ppt Comes Then Mn2+
➢ Part OF Third Solution + (NH4)2CO3 + CH3COOH (divide into 3 parts)
Add K2CrO4 IF Yellow ppt ,Then Ba2+(Flame Test-Light green)
Add (NH4)2SO4 IF White ppt ,Then Sr2+(Flame Test-Crimson red)
Add (NH4)2C2O4 IF White ppt ,Then Ca2+(Flame Test-Brick red)
➢ IF ppt Does Not Come Then Mg2+

Created By-ANSHUL SHUKLA