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LEASING
OPERATING LEASE
“A contractual arrangement by which the lessee agrees to make a periodic payments to the lesser, often for 5 years,
to obtain an assets services generally, the total payment over the term of lease are less than the lessor initial cost of
lease asset”.
FINANCIAL LEASE
“A long term lease than an operating lease that is obligates the lessee to make payments for the use of an asset over
a predefined period of time, the total payments over the term of lease are greater then the Lessor initial cost of the
leased asset.”
Reference “Financial Management”
BACKGROUND TO LEASING
The modern leasing concepts originated from England. Where the leasing company was established in 1855 as a
BRIMINGHAM WAGON COMPANY. But the leasing is modern form in the United State of America.
Where the first leasing company was established in 1952 as United States Leasing International (San Francisco). In
Pakistan, leasing starts financing i9n 1985 just after the Islamization of conducting business
LEASING IN PAKISTAN
In Pakistan leasing was introduced as an alternative debt financing which was being interest based is prohibited in
Islam. As such leasing has been approved by the religious Board as one of the Islamic modes of financing. The first
leasing company was established in 1985 in public sector National Development Leasing Corporation (NDLC).
Since then leasing sector has been progressing at a very high pace both in terms of increase in number of leasing
companies. Presently there are 32 companies were listed on Karachi stock exchange. All the 32 companies are listed
paid-up capital of 32 leasing companies almost RS 4.3bn. usually the leasing companies are the secondary lenders
as they borrow to land. That is why they are in expensive business.
According to the page (Pakistan & gulf economist) is estimated that leases accounting to RS 25000 billions have
been disbursed to date 01-01-1996.
IMPORTANCE OF LEASING
Leasing is become more and more important due to many causes which are given below.
(1) Timing and efficiency.
(2) Totally private sector.
(3) A hedge against inflation and political instability.
(4) Leasing provide a tax shield.
(5) Leasing is self-liquidating.
(6) Leasing preserves existing credit lines.
PROBLEM BACKGROUND
Today we know that in all over the world people take the automobile on lease. But in Pakistan we want to know that
what is the scope of leasing business in automobile and also in other leasing things. The basic purpose is to measure
the consumer satisfaction.
PROBLEM DEFINATION
Statement of Problem
Factors contributing towards consumer’s satisfaction.
Back ground of problem.
Approach to Problem
Before conducting the research, we should also study the entire situation and positions, which can affect research,
and we should also consider the variables, which can effect the situation.
The main topic of our research is to measure the satisfaction level of the consumer of different auto leasing
companies.
Research Methodology
Objective of study.
To identify the factors, influencing the consumer’s satisfaction level.
To identify the relationship between different variables like insurance rate, down payment terms and conditions etc.
Research Design
Research design is the arrangement of conditions and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine the -----
purpose with economy in procedure. In conducting this research first of all a pilot survey was conducted to get
awareness about the consumer satisfaction with the automobiles companies. After developing a questioner a pretest
was done through survey of 15 respondents. After that the final questioner was developing.
Descriptive research design was selected to analyze and examine the effect of different factors affecting the
satisfaction level of consumers.
This report is based upon mostly primary data e.g. information are taken directly from consumers and with some
extend on secondary data e.g. journal newspapers etc.
We used following data collection techniques.
Personal Interviews
We adopted personal interviews. The difference in roles between interviews and respond are pronounced. These
participants are typically stranger and interviewer dictates patterns of discussion.
Advantages of conducting interviews
Depth and detailed information.
Quality of information.
More control over responds.
Respondent motivation.
Questionnaires
Structured questioner is developed to collect information from people who have based automobile.
Internet
Some information’s are also collected from Internet and computer handouts.
Questionnaire Design
Questioner is measuring instrument used in business research. If they are to produce useful measurement they must
be both valid and reliable. The questioner design can affect the response rate both to overall instrument and specific
item of questionnaire. So questioner construction is of critical importance. Due to above importance we have subbed
divided our questioner into the following parts.
To know the satisfaction level.
To know the company perception against their consumer.
To know the recommendation from consumer.
Sampling procedure
Population
Category of population often provides research is auto-leasing consumers of Askari leasing, Bank alflah.
Target Population
All auto-leasing consumers of Askari leasing, Bank alflah.
Sampling
The basic idea in sampling is that the analysis of some of element in a population procedures useful information on
entire population. An element is the unit of study. Population is total collection of all elements.
Sampling Technique
To study the effect of various factors on the attitudes of consumers. We used non-probability technique. Sampling
technique and selected convenience method for selecting the sample of population. The sample was arranged by
using sampling technique without replacement. As the complete sampling frame is not available that is why we
selected the non-probability sampling.
Sampling Units
The data was collected from 45 respondents, 15 from each companies interviews are conducted from ten consumers
of different auto leasing companies. Environmental analysis also been done finally this data is analyzed and conclude
it.
Measurement and Selecting Techniques
To measure the effect of elements presented in question or attitude of consumer, the following scales are used.
Nominal
Likert scale
Sample Size
In Multan there are general leasing companies but we are measuring the satisfaction level of consumer of Askari
leasing, ORIX leasing and Bank alflah. In order to measure the satisfaction level of consumer we have chosen a
sample size of 45 respond including 05 respondents from each.
Analytical techniques.
Frequency analyzing.
Q#3;_ If you have automobile then you decided to take it on lease due to?
Q#4: - from where have you got information about lease at that time?
Options F P
Friends and relatives 14 31.11%
Media 25 55.56%
Sales person 6 13.33%
Total 45 100%
The people have got the information from media which is 55.56%.
Q#6:- Did you evaluate all these companies for this decisions?
Options F P
Yes 20 44.44%
No 25 55.56%
Total 45 100%
Most of the people don’t evaluate the companies before taking the automobile on lease basis.
Options F P F P F P
Fast 10 66.67% 1 6.67%
Average 5 33.33% 9 60%
Slow 15 100% 5 33.33%
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Speed of application process is more high in askari, that is 66.67%.
Options F P F P F P
Strongly satisfied 7 46.67% 1 6.67%
Satisfied 6 40% 5 33.33% 8 53.33%
Neither satisfied nor 1 6.67% 10 66.67% 6 40%
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied 1 6.67%
Strongly dissatisfied
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
About application process consumers of Askari leasing are more satisfied because the % age of their satisfaction is
more.
Options F P F P F P
2 years 3 20%
5 years 11 73.33% 15 100% 15 100%
7 years 1 6.67%
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Options F P F P F P
Strongly satisfied 3 20%
Satisfied 9 60% 4 26.67% 6 40%
Neither satisfied nor 3 20% 11 73.33% 9 60%
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Strongly dissatisfied
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Q#12: -Are you satisfied with the insurance process?
Options F P F P F P
Strongly satisfied
Satisfied 3 20% 4 26.67% 5 33.33%
Neither satisfied nor 6 40% 11 73.33% 10 66.67%
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied 6 40%
Strongly dissatisfied
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Options F P F P F P
Yes 10 66.67% 10 66.67% 10 66.67%
No 5 33.33% 5 33.33% 5 33.33%
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Q#14:- If yes, then what was behavior of the company with you?
Askari orix bank alfalah
Options F P F P F P
Cooprative 9 100% 6 60% 5 50%
Non Cooperative 4 40% 5 50%
Total 9 100% 10 100% 10 100%
Q#15: If cooperative then are you satisfied with?
Askari Orix Bank alfalah
Options F P F P F P
Strongly satisfied 4 50%
Satisfied 4 50% 4 100% 4 100%
Neither satisfied nor
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied %
Strongly dissatisfied
Total 8 100% 4 100% 4 100%
Options F P F P F P
Yes 4 26.67% 11 77.33% 10 66.67%
No 11 73.33% 4 26.67% 5 33.33%
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Q#17:- if yes, then what was the behavior of the company?
Askari orix bank alfalah
Options F P F P F P
Cooprative 5 100% 6 54.55% 3 30%
Non Cooperative 5 45.45% 7 70%
Total 5 100% 11 100% 10 100%
Options F P F P F P
Strongly satisfied 3 60% 1 16.67% 1 33.33%
Satisfied 1 20% 4 66.67% 2 66.67%
Neither satisfied nor 1 20% 1 16.67%
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Strongly dissatisfied
Total 5 100% 6 100% 3 100%
Options F P F P F P
Yes 9 60% 11 77.33% 10 66.67%
No 6 40% 4 26.67% 5 33.33%
Total 15 100% 15 100% 15 100%
Q#20:- If yes, what sort cooperation you received?
Askari orix bank alfalah
Options F P F P F P
Cooprative 9 100% 5 45.45% 4 36.36%
Non Cooperative 6 54.55% 7 63.63%
Total 9 100% 11 100% 11 100%
Options F P F P F P
Strongly satisfied 3 33.33% 3 75%
Satisfied 4 44.44% 3 60% 1 25%
Neither satisfied nor 2 22.22% 2 40%
dissatisfied
Dissatisfied
Strongly dissatisfied
Total 9 100% 5 100% 4 100%
Conclusion:
From the above analysis we have concluded that the respondents we have selected are aware of the leasing and
knowledgeable of how it can work out for them. Most of them are satisfied with it. The basic motive behind leasing is
the purchasing power of the customer and the tax exemption. According to the business point of view the leasing is
best for tax rebates and relief. Untill now we have concluded that askari leasing customers are more satisfied as
compared to orix leasing and bank alfalah.Moreover they need to tell the customer that the concept of leasing is
according to Islamic mode of financing .Well all these objectives can be achieved by advertisements ,and providing
easy terms and conditions to customers.
Now if we look at industry, Askari Leasing co. askari leasing corporation consumers are more satisfied as compare to
orix and alfalah. Orix is at the second position. If askari leasing satisfy their consumers then no leasing company can
compete them.