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Chap 12 : Electricity www.cbse.
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File Revision Date : 10 July 2019

CBSE Previous Years Chapterwise Questions Exam 2019-2020
CLASS : 10th
CHAPTER 12
SUB : Science
For more subject
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Electricity
ONE MARK QUESTIONS electric current in a circuit.

(b) How is an ammeter connected in a circuit to
measure current flowing through it?
1. If the charge on an electron be 1.6 # 10-19 C , find the Ans : [CBSE 2015]
approximate number of electrons in 1 C. a. Ammeter is used to measure electric current.
Ans : [CBSE 2016] b. Ammeter is connected in series in an electric
circuit.
1.6 # 10-19 C charge is of = 1 electron and
1 C charge is of = 1 electron
NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
1.6 # 10-19 For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
No. of electrons = 6.25 # 1018 www.cbse.online for
1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
2. List any two factors on which resistance of a conductor Bank
depends. 2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise).
Ans : [CBSE 2016] 3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved).
4. NCERT Solutions
Resistance of a conductor:
All material will be solved and free pdf. It will be
a. is directly proportional to its length
provided by 30 September and will be updated regularly.
R ?r ...(1) Disclaimer : www.cbse.online is not affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education,
New Delhi in any manner. www.cbse.online is a private organization which provide free
b. is inversely proportional to its area of cross section. study material pdfs to students. At www.cbse.online CBSE stands for Canny Books
For School Education
R ? 1 ...(2)
A
Combining (1) and (2), we get 8. In an electric circuit, state the relationship between
r the direction of conventional current and the direction
R ?
A of flow of electrons.
3. What is the SI unit of electric potential? Ans : [CBSE 2015]
Ans : [Delhi 2016] Electrons flows from negative terminal to positive
Volt is the SI unit of electric potential. terminal where as current flows from +ve terminal
to - ve terminal in external circuit i.e. Conventional
4. When is potential difference between two points said current and electrons flow are opposite to each other.
to be 1 volt?
9. How does the resistivity of alloys compare with those
Ans : [Delhi 2016]
of pure metals from which they may have been formed?
Potential difference betweeen two point is said to be Ans : [All India 2014]
1 Volt if the amount of work done in bringing 1 C
charge between them is 1 J. The resistivity of pure metals is lesser than resistivity
of alloys with which these alloys are made.
5. State Ohm’s law.
10. Write SI unit of resistivity.
Ans : [Delhi 2016]
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
If the physical conditions of a conductor remain
same then current through a conductor is directly Ohm-m
proportional to the potential difference b/w the two
11. State a difference between the wire used in the element
ends of the conductor.
of an electric heater and in a fuse wire.
I ? V & V = IR Ans : [CBSE 2014]
6. Mention one reason why tungsten is used for making The wire used in element of electric heater has high
filament of electric lamp. resistance and high melting point where as a fuse wire
Ans : [CBSE 2015] has a low resistance and low melting point.
Tungsten is used for making filament because of its 12. Power of a lamp is 60 W. Find the energy in joules
high melting point and low resistivity. consumed by it in 1 s.
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
7. (a) Name the instrument/device used to measure
Download all GUIDE and Sample Paper pdfs from www.cbse.online or www.rava.org.in Page 153
Chap 12 : Electricity www.cbse.online
P = 60 W , t = 1 s 19. happens to the resistance of a conductor when the

Energy = ^VI h t length of the conductor is reduced to half?
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
E = P # t = 60 # 1 J
Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the
E = 60 J
conductor. If length becomes half the resistance also
13. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a become half of its initial value.
cell of 1.5 V, 10 ohm resistor and 15 ohm resistor and
20. What happens to the resistance of a conductor when
a plug key all connected in series.
temperature is increased?
Ans : [CBSE 2011]
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
Schematic diagram is shown below.
The resistance of a conductor increases with rise in
temperature.
21. Draw a schematic diagram of an electric circuit

consisting of a battery of two cells each of 1.5 V, 5 W ,
10 W and 15 W resistors and a plug key, all connected
in series.
Ans : [CBSE 2000]
Schematic diagram of electric circuit con¬taining
14. Why do we use copper and aluminium wire for cells, key and three resistances.
transmission of electric current?
Ans : [CBSE 2011]
Copper and aluminium wires are used for electric
transmission due to their low resistivity.
15. Give an example of a metal which is the best conductor

of heat.
Ans : [CBSE 2011 ]
Gold, Silver, Copper etc. metals are good conductor
of heat.
22. Out of the two, a toaster of 1 kW and an electric
16. Define electric circuit. Distinguish between open and heater of 2 kW, which has a greater resistance?
closed circuit. Ans : [CBSE 2006]
Ans : [CBSE 2010] 2
As R = V . If V is constant. Then R ? 1 i.e. more
Electric circuit is the arrangement in which electric P P
current can flow when circuit is switched on. In open power, lesser be the resistance and vice versa.
circuit there is no flow of current as the switch is off. Toaster has lesser power (1 KW) than electric heater
In closed circuit a current flows in the circuit when (2 KW) therefore resistance of toaster is more than
switch is on. resistances of heater.
17. What is the lowest resistance that can be obtained 23. Why is tungsten metal selected for making filaments
by combining four coils of resistances 4 W , 8 W , 12 W of incandescent lamps?
and 24 W ? Ans : [CBSE 2005]
Ans : [CBSE 2010] Tungsten has high resistance and high melting point.
If the resistances are combined in parallel then we
24. A wire of resistance 5 W is bent in the form of a closed
shall get the lowest resistance. In parallel combination:
circle. What is the resistance between two points at
1 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 the ends of any diameter of the circle?
R R1 R2 R3 R 4
Ans : [CBSE 2005]
= 1+1+ 1 + 1
4 8 12 24 R = 5W
It can be assumed as two semi circular elements are
= 6 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 12 = 1 connected across diameter AB .
24 24 2
Total resistances of couple wire 5 W . Resistance of two
R = 2W
semicircular elements = 5 W
2
18. Nichrome is used to make the element of electric
Both the elements are connected in parallel.
heater. Why?
Ans : [CBSE 2010] 1 = 1 + 1 =2+2= 4
Rl R1 R2 5 5 5
Nichrome is used to make element of electric heater
because nichrome is an alloy which has high melting or Rl = 5 W
4
point and high resistances.
25. Why is much less, heat generated in long electric
cables than in filaments of electric bulbs? R = 20 ohm

Ans : [CBSE 2005]
R =rl
A
As heat produced = I2 Rt
Electric cables are made of thick good conductor or r = R A = 20 # 2 W cm
l 10
where as filaments are made of thin tungsten wire
whose resistances is high. The resistance of electric r = 4 W - cm
cables is very less. So heat produced in cable is much
lesser than filaments. TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
26. State which has a higher resistance a 50 W or a 25 W
lamp bulb and how many times?
29. The amount of charge passing through a cell in four
Ans : [CBSE 2005] second is 12 C. Find the current supplied by cell.
We have P1 = 50 W Ans : [CBSE 2016]
P2 = 25 W Given: t =4s
Let their resistances are R1 and R2 respectively.
Q = 12 C
2 2
P = V or R = V Q
R P I = = 12 A = 3 A
t 4
2 2
R1 = V W and R2 = V W
50 25 30. Calculate the number of electrons that would flow per
R1 = 25 = 1 second through the cross- section of a wire when 1 A
R2 50 2 current flows in it.
Ans : [CBSE 2016]
or R1 = 1 R2
2
Given: I = 1 A, t = 1 s
1
i.e. 50 W bulbs has resistance than 25 W bulb.
2 Q
I = & Q = I#t
t
27. Define resistivity of a material.
Ans : [CBSE 2004] Q = 1A#1s (Q = 1 coulomb)
But Q = ne
We have R =rl Q
A n = = 1C
e 1.6 # 10-19
Resistivity, r = RA
l = 6.25 # 1018 electrons
If
A = 1, l = 1 then r = R i.e. resistivity of a material 31. Name the device/instrument used to measure potential
is the resistance of a conductor of this material whose difference. How is it connected in an electric circuit?
length and area of cross- section both are unity.
Ans : [CBSE 2016]
or
Resistivity of a material is the resistance of a conductor The device which is used to measure potential
of this material whose volume is unity. difference is voltmeter. Voltmeter is connected in
parallel in an electric circuit.
NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
32. How much current will an electric bulb of resistance
For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at
www.cbse.online for 1100 W draw from a 220 V source? If a heater of
1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question resistance 100 W is connected to the same source
Bank instead of the bulb, calculate the current drawn by
2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise). the heater.
3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved). Ans : [All India 2016]
4. NCERT Solutions
Resistance of bulb, R = 1100 W
All material will be solved and free pdf. It will be
provided by 30 September and will be updated regularly. V = 220 volt
Disclaimer : www.cbse.online is not affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education,
New Delhi in any manner. www.cbse.online is a private organization which provide free
V = IR or I = V
study material pdfs to students. At www.cbse.online CBSE stands for Canny Books R
I = 220 = 1 A
1100 5
28. A cylinder of a material is 10 cm long and has a cross- When heater is connected with the same source then
section of 2 cm2. If its resistance along the length be
20 ohm, what will be its resistivity in number and I = V = 220 = 2.2 A
R 100
units?
Ans : [CBSE 2004] 33. (a) What are the values of mA and mA ?
(b) Draw the symbols of battery and rheostat.
l = 10 cm, A = 2 cm2 Ans : [All India 2015]
1 mA = 1 milli ampere = 10-3 A A — Bulb (load)

1 mA = 1 micro ampere = 10-6 A B — Rheostat
C — Cell
D — Ammeter (being in series)
34. Give reason for the following:

a. Tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of
electric lamp.
b. Why do we use copper and aluminium wires for
transmission of electric current?
Ans : [CBSE 2015]
a. Tungsten is used in making the filament of
electric lamp because it has high resistivity and 39. A large number of free electrons are present in metals
high melting point. yet no current flows in the absence of electric potential
b. The copper and aluminium have low resistivity across it. Explain the statement with reason.
and high conductivity. Ans : [CBSE 2014]
35. What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter? Though there are large number of free electron present
Ans : [CBSE 2014] in a conductor, but their motion is random motion
in the absence of potential difference. Their average
The resistance of an ideal voltmeter is infinite. velocity is zero. Hence there is no current flowing in
36. State the factors on which the heat produced in a conductor. But when a potential difference is applied
current carrying conductor depends. Give one practical across the ends of the conductor, it sets the electrons
application of this effect. to move in a direction. The motion of charge produces
an electric current in the conductor.
Ans : [Delhi 2014]
We know that H = VIt or H = I2 Rt 40. Out of the two wires X and Y shown below. Which
Heat produced in a current carrying conductor one has greater resistance. Justify your answer.
H ? I2 (Square of the current in the circuit)
? R (Resistance of the conductor)
? t (Time for which current is passed in conductor)
This effect applied in electric heater.
37. List in a tabular form two differences between a

voltmeter and an ammeter. Ans : [CBSE 2014]
Ans : [CBSE 2014] If X and Y are of same material
then length of wire X = l
Voltmeter Ammeter
Area of cross-section = A
1. It is used to It is used to
measure P.D. across measure electric RX = r l
A
two points in an current in an
electric circuit. electric circuit. Similarly, RY = r 2l
A
2. Its resistance is very Its resistance is RY = 2
high. very low. RX
3. An voltmeter An ammeter is or RY = 2RX
is connected in connected in series wire Y has two times resistance than that of wire X .
parallel in an in an electric
electric circuit. circuit. 41. Elements of electric toasters and electric iron are
made of an alloy rather than a pure metal. Give two
reasons to justify the statement.
38. Given below is a circuit showing current flowing in it.
Identify each component A, B, C, D of this circuit. Ans : [CBSE 2014]
a. Alloys have higher resistivity than their
constituents pure metals.
b. At high temperature alloys do not oxidise.
42. A thick wire and a thin wire of the same material

are successively connected to the same circuit to find
their respective resistance. Which one will have lower
resistance? Give reason.
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
1
As resistance ? i.e. more area of cross-section lesser
Circuit A
the resistance and vice versa. So thick wire has lower ends of the conductor, charges (electrons) will move
resistance. in the conductor.
Potential difference is applied by a cell to maintain
43. Mention two special features of the material to be the charge to move.
used as element of an electric iron.
Ans : [CBSE 2014] 48. How would the reading of voltmeter (V) change, if it
is connected between B and C? Justify your answer.
A material to be used as element of an electric iron
must have (i) high melting point, (ii) high resistivity.
44. Find the resistance of bulb rated as 100W-250V.

Ans : [CBSE2014]
We have, P = 100 W
V = 250 Volt
2 2
P = V or R = V
R P Ans : [CBSE 2011]
^250h2
1W, 3W, 2W resistances are connected in series.
R = = 250 # 250 = 625 W
100 100
R = R1 + R2 + R3
45. Why do the wires connecting an electric heater to the = 1+3+2 = 6W
mains not glow while its heating element does?
I =V = 3 = 1A
Ans : [CBSE 2011] R 6 2
Connecting wire has low resistivity or good Current in each resistance is same, i.e. 1 A .
2
conductivity, i.e. resistance of these wires is negligible
Voltage across B & C = 1 # 3 = 3 Volt.
hence no heat is produced while heating element 2 2
is of an alloy whose resistivity is high, due to high
resistance heat is produced in the element. VBC = 3 Volt.
2
46. In the circuit diagram shown, the two resistance wires
A and B are of same area of cross-section and same
material, but A is longer than B. Which ammeter A1
or A2 will indicate higher reading for current? Give
reason.
49. In the circuit diagram shown, the two resistance wires

A and B are of same length and same material, but
A is thicker than B. Which ammeter A1 or A2 will
indicate higher reading for current? Give reason.
Ans : [CBSE 2011]

Length of A is greater than B. Area of cross-section of
A and B is same.
Therefore resistance of A 2 resistance of B 6a R ? l @ .
Current in A is lesser than current in B. Hence A2 will
give higher reading.
Ans : [CBSE 2011]
Length of A and B is same. A is thicker than B.
Hence RA < RB ;a R ? 1 E
A
Current in A1 is more than current in A2 i.e., reading
in A1 is higher than reading in A2.
47. Mention the condition under which charges can move

in a conductor. Name the device which is used to
maintain this condition in an electric circuit.
Ans : [CBSE 2012]
When a potential difference is applied across the two
50. Tungsten is used almost exclusively for filaments of a. Tungsten is used in making filament.
electric bulb. List two reasons. b. Its high resistivity and high melting point.
Ans : [CBSE 2011]
54. How are ammeters and voltmeters connected in a
(1) high resistivity (2) high melting point and does circuit? What do they help us measure?
not oxidise at very high temperature. Ans : [CBSE 2010]
51. Three V-I graphs are drawn individually for two An ammeter which measure the current in a circuit
resistors and their series combination. Out of A, B, C is connected in series. Voltmeter is used to measure
which one represents the graph for series combination potential difference across a conductor so it is
of the other two. Give reason connected in parallel to it.
55. The following table gives the resistivity of three

samples:
Sample A B C
Resistivity 1.6 # 10-5 Wm 5.2 # 10-5 Wm 100 # 10-4 Wm
Which of them is suitable for heating elements of
electrical appliances and why?
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
Ans : The resistivity of C sample is maximum so it is
More slope of V-I graph means more resistance, slope suitable for making heating element.
of C is maximum. Hence its resistance is maximum.
So it is for series combination of two resistors. 56. a. Give reason why tungsten is used for making
filament of electric lamps.
b. The elements of heating electrical appliances are
made-up of an alloy rather than pure metal.
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
a. Due to (1) high resistivity and high melting point
tungsten is used for making filaments of electric
lamp.
b. high resistivity, and high melting point than their
constituents pure metals which do not oxidise at
high temperature.
52. State the factors on which the resistance of a cylindrical
conductor depends. How will resistance of a conductor 57. B1, B2 and B3 are three identical bulbs connected as
change if it is stretched so that its length is doubled? shown in the figure. When all the three bulbs glow, a
current of 3 A is recorded by the ammeter A.
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
a. What happens to the glow of the other two bulbs
Resistance of cylindrical conductor depends upon its when the bulb B1 gets fused?
length and cross- sectional area. b. What happens to the reading of A1 A2, A3 and A
When conductor is stretched its radius decreases but when the bulb B1 gets fused?
the volume of the conductor in both the cases will be
same. If length is stretched to twice.
l2 = 2l1
As l1 A1 = l2 A2
l1 A1 = 2l1 A2
A1 = 2
A2
Now, R1 = r l1
A1
and R2 = r l2 = r 2l1
A2 A2
Ans : [CBSE2010]
R2 = 2 A1 = 2 2 = 4
R1 #A
2
# a. The other two bulbs will glow even if B1 gets
fused. There is no change in glow of B2 and B3.
R2 = 4R1
Here V = 4.5 V
53. (a) What material is used in making the filament of and I = 3A
an electric bulb?
(b) Name the characteristics which make it suitable RP = V = 4.5
I 3
for this.
RP = 1.5 W
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
For parallel combination
1 = 1 + 1 + 1 Q
RP R1 R2 R3 I = or Q = I # t
t
1 = 1+1+1 Q = 0.2A # 1 hr = 0.2 # 60 # 60 A - s
1.5 R R R
= 720 C
1 = 3 & R = 4.5 W
1.5 R 61. An electric iron draws a current of 0.5 A when the
For B 2 , 4.5 = I # 4.5 voltage is 200 volt. Calculate the amount of electric
charge flowing through it in one hour.
1A = I
Ans : [CBSE 2004]
For B 3 , 4.5 = I # 4.5 1A = I
Current in Ammeter, ^Ah = 1A + 1A = 2A We have I = 0.5 A
V = 200 volt
t = 1 hr = 3600 s
Q = I # t = 0.5 # 3600 A - s = 1800 C
62. An electric appliance draws a current of 0.4 A when

the voltage is 200 volt. Calculate the amount of charge
flowing through it in one hour.
Ans : [CBSE 2004]
Q = It
58. (a) Draw a circuit diagram to show how two resistors Given, I = 0.4 A
are connected in series.
V = 200 Volt
(b) In a circuit, if the two resistors of 5 ohm and 10
ohm are connected in series, how does the current t = 1 hr = 3600 s
passing through the two resistors compare? ` Q = 0.4 # 3600 C
Ans : [C8SE 2006) Q = 1440 C
THREE MARKS QUESTIONS

a.
63. Show how would you join three resistors, each of
resistance 9 W so that the equivalent resistance of the
b. In series combination of resistances, the current combination is (i) 13.5 W (ii) 6 W ?
remains same. Ans : [CBSE 2017]
or
59. A bulb is rated at 5.0 V, 100 mA. Calculate its (a)
(a) Write Joule’s law of heating.
power and (b) resistance.
(b) Two bulbs, one rated 100 W; 220 V, and the other
Ans : [CBSE 2006] 60 W; 220 V are connected in parallel to electric
mains supply. Find the current drawn by two
Rating of bulb, V = 5.0 Volt.
bulbs from the line if the supply voltage is 220 V.
I = 100 mA Ans : [CBSE 2017]
I = 100 # 10-3 A
I = 0.1 A
a. Power of bulb = V # I i.
P = 5.0 # 0.1 W = 0.5W

Resistor R2 and R3 are in parallel combination.
b. V = IR , 1 =1+1 =2W
`
R = V = 5.0 W = 50 W Rp 9 9 9
I 0.1
or Rp = 9 W
2
60. An electric bulb draws a current of 0.2 A when the
voltage is 220 volts. Calculate the amount of charge
flowing through it in one hour.
Ans : [CBSE 2004] Now R1 and R p are in series.
Given: I = 0.2 A ` Req = R1 + R p = 9 + 9 = 27 W
2 2
V = 220 Volt Req = 13.5 W
t = 1 hr. ii. To get 6 W resistance R1 and R2 are in Series
Q =? ` Rs = 9 + 9 = 18 W
Rs and R3 are in parallel so, resistance of A is more and its length also.
1 = 1 + 1
Req. Rs R3
1 = 1 +1 = 1+2 = 3
Req. 18 9 18 18
and Req. = 6 W
66. What is meant by “electrical resistance” of a

or conductor? State how resistance of a conductor is
a. Joules Law of Heating : When a current I is affected when
passed through a resistor R for time t then heat a. a low current passes through it for a short
produced duration;
b. a heavy current passes through it for about 30
H ? I2
seconds.
?R Ans : [CBSE 2016]
?t
Electrical resistance is the property of a conductor by
H ? I2 Rt virtue of which it opposes the flow of current through
or H = I2 Rt it. It is equal to the ratio of the potential difference
b. Given two bulbs of 100 W–200 V and 60W–220 V. applied across its ends to the current flowing through
Current in 1st bulb: it.
I1 = P1 = 100 A = 5 = 0.45 A R =V
V 220 11 I
a. When a low current is passed for a short duration,
Current in second bulb. through a conductor, heat produced is almost
negligible and hence no appreciable change in its
I2 = P2 = 60 A = 3 A = 0.27 A
V 220 11 resistance.
b. When heavy current is passed through the
64. (a) List the factors on which the resistance of a conductor for 30 s. Conductor may be get heated
conductor in the shape of a wire depends. and its resistance and resistivity change.
(b) Why are metals good conductors of electricity
whereas glass is a bad conductor of electricity? 67. Name and define the SI unit of current. Calculate the
Give reason. number of electrons that flow through a conductor in
(c) Why are alloys commonly used in electrical 1 second to constitute a current of 1 ampere. (Charge
heating devices? Give reason. on an electron = 1.6 # 10-19 coulomb)
Ans : [CBSE 2017] Ans : [CBSE 2016]
a. Factors on which resistance of a wire depends: SI unit of current is Ampere (A)
i. Resistance is directly proportional to length. q
ii. Resistance is inversely proportional to area of I =
t
cross-section. If q = 1 C, t = 1 s
then I = 1A
R ? l, R ? 1 If 1 C charge flows in 1 s in a conductor then magnitude
A
of current is said to be 1A.
R ? l or R = r l
A A q = ne
b. Metal are good conductor due to having large q
n = = I#t
number of free electrons and their low resistivity. e e
Glass is a bad conductor because it has no free
electrons and its resistivity is higher. = 1A # 1-s19 = 100 # 1018
1.6 # 10 16
c. Alloys are commonly used in electrical heating
devices due to their high resistivity and high = 6.25 # 1018
melting point which produces more heat.
68. Electric current flows through three lamps when
65. V-I graphs for two wires A and B are shown in the arranged in (a) a series (b) a parallel. If the filament
figure. If both the wires are made of the same material of one lamp breaks. Explain what happens to the
and are of equal thickness, which of the two is of more other two lamps in both the cases.
length? Give justification for your answer. Ans : [CBSE 2015]
Ans : [CBSE 2016] a. In series combination if the filament of one lamp
We know for identical wire more length more resistance breaks then the circuit will be broken and hence
and vice versa slope of wire A is more than B. Hence other lamps stops glowing.
work is done.
Ans : [All India 2015]
Given: V = 20 Volt
W = 40 J
W = P#t
= V#I#t
b. In parallel combination of lamps if the element of Q
= V# #t
one lamp breaks then other two will continue to t
glow. or W = V#Q
40 = 20 # Q
or Q = 2C
ne = Q
Q 2
n = =
e 1.6 # 10-19
= 1.25 # 1019
71. Name and define SI unit of resistance. Calculate the

resistance of a resistor if the current flowing through
it is 200 mA, when the applied potential difference is
69. Study the V-I graph for a resistor as shown in the 0.8 V.
figure and prepare a table showing the values of I (in Ans : [Delhi 2014]
amperes) corresponding to four different values of V
a. SI unit of resistance is ohm ^Wh
(in volts). Find the value of current for V = 10 volts.
How can we determine the resistance of the resistor 1W = 1V
1A
from this graph?
b. The resistance of a conductor is said to be 1 ohm
if a current of one amp flows through it when a
potential differences of 1 volt is applied across it.
c. R = V = 0.8 =4W
I 200 # 10-3
72. (a) Explain why a conductor offers resistance to the

flow of current.
(b) Differentiate between conductor, resistor and
resistance.
Ans : [CBSE2014]
Ans : [CBSE 2015] a. When a current is passed through a conductor,
When V = 10 volt from the graph the atoms or molecule of the conductor produce
an hindrance in the path of flow of electron. This
R = TV = 8 - 6 W = 2 W hindrance in the path of flow of charge is called
TI 4-3
resistance of the conductor.
b. A substance which allow to pass the charges
through them easily is called a conductor.
Resistor : A conductor having some value of
resistance is called a resistor.
Resistance : It is the property of any conductor
by virtue of which it opposes the flow of charge
through it.
73. A piece of wire of resistance 6 W is connected to battery

of 12 V. Find the amount of current flowing through
it. Now, the same wire is redrawn by stretching it
when V = 10 volt to double its length. Find the resistance of the new
(redrawn) wire.
then V = IR
Ans : [CBSE2014]
or I = V = 10 A = 5A
R 2 Given: R = 6W
V = 12 Volt
70. Find the number of electrons transferred between two
points kept at a potential difference of 20 V if 40 J of I =?
I = V = 12 A & I = 2A
R 6 R2 = 7.5 W
When length becomes twice = 2 L
76. Find the equivalent resistance of the following circuit:
area of cross-section = A2
then L1 A1 = L2 A2
or LA1 = 2LA2
or A2 = 1
A1 2
R1 = r L
A1
R2 = r 2L & R2 = 2 # A1
A2 R1 A2 Ans :
R2 = 2 2 = 4
R1 #
In the given circuit 2 W, 2 W resistances are in parallel.
R2 = 4R1 Rp = 1 W
New resistance becomes four times.
74. A wire of length l and resistance R is stretched so

that the length is doubled and area of cross-section is
halved. How will its:
a. Resistance change?
b. Resistivity change?
Ans : [CBSE 2010, 2014]
a. Let initial length, area of cross-section and
resistance of wire are l , A and R respectively. 1W, 1W resistances also are in parallel.
When length is stretched two times, let its area Rl
p = 0.5 W
of cross-section becomes Al. Its initial volume of The circuit can be reduced as,
wire = final volume of the wire.
Al = Al2l
or Al = 1 or Al = A
A 2 2
^2l h
Rl = r = r 2l # 2
Al A
= 4r l Now all resistances are in series combination.

A
=4R R = 3 + 3 + 1 + 0.5 = 7.5 W
b. Resistivity does not change because it is property
77. A hot plate of an electric oven connected to a 220 V
of the material of a conductor.
line has two resistors A and B each of 22 W resistance.
75. A nichrome wire has a resistance of 10 W Find the These resistors may be used separately, in series or
resistance of another nichrome wire, whose length is in parallel. Find the current flowing in all the three
three times and area of cross-section four times the cases.
first wire. Ans : [CBSE 2014]
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
Given, V = 220 Volt
We have R = 10 W RA = 22 W
l1 = l RB = 22 W
A1 = A a. Current in resistances separately?
R = r l = 10 W = 220 A = 10 A
A 22
b. Current in series combination
or l = 10
A r RS = 22 + 22 = 44 W
For new wire,
IS = 220 = 5 A
L2 = 3l 44
c. Current in parallel combination
A2 = 4A
1 = 1 + 1 = 2 W
R2 = r 3l = 3 r l RP 22 22 22
4A 4 A
& RP = 11 W
R2 = 3 R = 3 # 10 = 15 W
4 4 2
IP = 220 = 20 A so first bulb will consume more energy.

11
81. Draw the nature of V–I graph for a nichrome wire. (V
78. An electric kettle of 2 kW works for 2 h daily. Calculate -Potential difference, I -Current)
the (a) energy consumed in SI and commercial units A metallic wire of 625 mm length offers a 4 W
(b) cost of running it in the month of June at the rate resistance. If the resistivity of the metal is 4.8 # 10-7
of ` 3.00 per unit. ohm-metre, then calculate the area of cross-section of
Ans : [CBSE 2014] the wire.
Ans : [CBSE 2013]
(a) Given: P = 2 kW = 2000 W
V–I graph for nichrome wire
t = 2h
Electric energy, E = P # t = 2 # 2 = 4 kWh
(b) Total energy consumed in month of June (having
30 days)
Electric kettle = ^4 # 30h kWh = 120 kWh
= 120 units.
Cost of running electric kettle:
= `120 # 3 = `360
79. Two lamps, one is rated 100 W at 220 V, and the Given: l = 625 mm = 0.625 m
other 60 W at 220 V, are connected in parallel to a
R =4W
220 V supply. Find the current drawn from the supply
line. r = 4.8 # 10-7 Ohm-m
Ans : [CBSE 2014] A =?
Given: Lamp one 100 W, 220 V, Lamp 2 60 W, 220 V. R = r l or A = r l
Let their resistances are R1 and R2 A R
2 A = 4.8 # 10-7 # 0.625
R =V 4
P
= 0.75 # 10-7 m2
R1 = 220 # 220 W = 484 W
100
82. Derive the relation R = R1 + R2 + R3 when three
= 220 # 220 W = 2420 W resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in series in an
60 3 electric circuit.
In circuit R1 and R2 are connected in parallel. Ans : [CBSE 2012]
1 = 1 + 3 Three resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in series.
R 484 2420 Therefore current in each resistor is same. Let current
in the circuit is I.
R = 605 W
2
I = V = 220 # 2 A = 0.727 A
R 605
80. Two bulbs A and B are rated as 90W–120V and

60W–120V respectively. They are connected in parallel
across a 120V source. Find the current in each bulb.
Which bulb will consume more energy?
Ans : [CBSE 2014] Applied total potential = Sum of the potentials across
each resistor
First Bulb: 90 W–120 V
2 V = V1 + V2 + V3
R1 = V = 120 # 120 = 160 W IReq = IR1 + IR2 + IR3
P1 90
Req = R1 + R2 + R3
I1 = V = 120 = 0.75 A
R1 160
83. (a) Nichrome wire of length L and radius R has
Second Bulb: 60W–120V resistance of 10 Q. How would the resistance of
2 the wire change when:
R2 = V = 120 # 120 (i) Only length of the wire is doubled?
P2 60
(ii) Only diameter of the wire is doubled? Justify
R2 = 240 W your answer.
I2 = V = 120 (b) Why element of electrical heating devices are
R2 240 made-up of alloys?
I2 = 0.5A Ans : [CBSE 2012]
Power of first bulb has more power than second bulb,
a. R = 10 W of length L, and area of cross-section A. b. We know that R = r l

i. When only length is doubled Rl = 20 W A
ii. When only diameter is doubled. r ?A
R ? 1 ? 12 Thicker the wire, more the resistivity. The
A D resistivity of manganin is more than copper. So
manganin wire is thicker than copper.
Rll ? 1 2
^2D h
87. Two conducting wires of same material, equal length
Rll ? 1 2 and equal diameter are connected in series. How does
4D
the heat produced by the combination of resistance
Rll = R change?
4
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
Rll = 10 = 2.5 W Let the resistances of two wires are R each.
4
Heat produced by individual resistor
b. Alloys have high resistivity more than their
2
constituent pure metals and do not oxide at high Hl = V t
temperature easily. R
Resistance is series, R S = R + R = 2R
84. Resistivity of two elements A and B are
Heat produced by combination of resistors
= 1.62 # 10-8 Wm and 520 # 10-8 Wm respectively.
2
Out of these two, name the element that can be used Hl = V t
to make: 2R
a. filament of electric bulb. Hl = 1
b. wires for electrical transmission lines. Justify your H 2
answer in each case.
Hl = H
Ans : [CBSE 2012] 2
88. Study the following circuit and answer the following
Given: r A = 1.62 # 10-8 Wm
questions:
r B = 520 # 10-8 Wm
a. For filament of electric bulb resistivity must be
higher i.e. 520 # 10-8 Wm . So element B is used
for filament.
b. For electric transmission resistivity must be lower
which is of element A.
85. State Ohm’s law. Calculate the resistance of a

conductor, if the current flowing through it is 0.2 A
when the applied potential difference is 0.8 V. a. State the type of combination of the two resistors
Ans : [CBSE 2012] in the circuit.
If the physical conditions of a conductor are kept same b. How much current would flow through: (1) 10 W
then current is directly proportional to the potential resistor and (2) 15 W resistor?
difference across the ends of the conductor V ? I . c. What would be the ammeter reading?
V = RI Ans : [CBSE 2010]
I = 0.2 A a. 10 W and 15 W are in parallel combination.
b. Potential difference across each is 3V.
V = 0.8 Volt.
R =? I in 10 W resistor = 3 = 0.3 A
10
R = V = 0.8 W I in 15 W resistor = 3 = 0.2 A
I 0.2 15
R =4W I = 0.3 + 0.2 = 0.5 A
86. (a) Why are copper or aluminium wires generally 89. Define electric current and state its SI unit. With
used for electrical transmission and distribution the help of Ohm’s law explain the meaning of 1 Ohm
purposes? resistance.
(b) Two wires, one of copper and other of manganin,
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
have equal lengths and equal resistances. Which
wire is thicker? Given that resistivity of copper is Electric current may be defined as the rate of flow of
lower than that of manganin. charge through a circuit. Its SI unit is Ampere.
Ans : [CBSE 2011] According to Ohm’s law V = IR
a. Copper or aluminium wires are used for R =V

I
transmission and distribution of electricity due to
their low resistivity and high conductivity. If V = 1 Volt, I = 1 A then R = 1 ohm.
A conductor has a resistance of 1 Ohm if a current of
one amp flows through it when a potential difference P = 100 W

of 1 volt is applied across it. 4
P = 25 W
90. (a) What is the total resistance of n resistors each of
resistance ‘R’ connected in: (i) series? (ii) parallel? 92. (a) How is the direction of electric current related to
(b) Calculate the resultant resistance of 3 resistors the direction of flow of electrons in a wire?
3 W, 4 W and 12 W connected in parallel. (b) Calculate the current in a circuit, if 500 C of
Ans : [CBSE 2010] charge passes through it in 10 minutes.
a. In series combination Ans : [CBSE 2009]
RS = R1 + R2 + ....Rn a. The direction of flow of electrons is opposite to
RS = R + R.....n times the direction of conventional current.
b. Q = 500 C , t = 10 mts = 10 # 60 = 600 s
RS = nR
Q
In parallel combination: I = = 500 A
t 600
1 = 1 + 1 + ..... 1
RP R1 R2 Rn I = 0.83 A
= 1 + 1 + 1 + ..... + n times 93. (a) Define the term ‘volt’.

R R R (b) State the relation between work, charge and
= 1 + 1 + .....n times potential difference for an electric circuit.
R Calculate the potential difference between the
1 =n two terminals of a battery, if 100 joules of work
or
RP R is required to transfer 20 coulombs of charge from
one terminal of the battery to the other.
RP = R Ans : [CBSE 2009]
n
b. Given:
a. Potential difference b/w two points in an electric
R1 = 3 W
field is said to be 1 volt if the amount of work
R2 = 4 W done in bringing a unit positive charge from one
R3 = 12 W point to another point is 1 J.
b. Given: W = 100 J , Q = 20 C , V = ?
1 = 1 + 1 + 1
R R1 R2 R3 As V = W & V = 100 JC-1
Q 20
=1+1+ 1
3 4 12 V = 5 JC-1
= 4+3+1 = 8 = 2 V = 5 Volt.
12 12 3
94. State the formula co-relating the electric current
R = 3 W = 1.5 W flowing in a conductor and the voltage applied across
2
it. Also, show this relationship by drawing a graph.
91. (a) State Ohm’s law. Express it mathematically. What would be the resistance of a conductor, if
(b) Write symbols used in electric circuits to represent: the current flowing through it is 0.35 ampere when the
(i) variable resistance. potential difference across it is 1.4 volt?
(ii) voltmeter. Ans : [CBSE 2004]
(c) An electric bulb is rated 220 V and 100 W. When
it is operated on 110 V, what will be the power V = IR
consumed?
i.e., V ?I
Ans : [CBSE 2010] If we plot a graph b/w V and I , it is straight line.
a. Ohm’s Law states that if the physical conditions of Graph b/w V and I :
a conductor are kept constant then current passing
through a conductor is directly proportional to
the potential difference across its ends.
V ? I or V = RI
b. A variable resistor
c. Given rating of bulb 220 V – 100 W
R=?
Power consumed = ? when V = 110 Volt Given: I = 0.35 A
2 V = 1.4 Volt.
R = V = 220 # 220 = 484 W
P 100
R = V = 1.4 Ohm
Power at 110 volt I 0.35
2
P = V = 110 # 110 R =4W
R 484
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS
95. The value of current (I) flowing through a given

resistor of resistance (R), for the corresponding values
of potential difference (V) across the resistor are as The work done in bringing a charge Q from one
given below : end to another of the conductor
V 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 W = QV
I 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Q
But =I
t
Plot a graph between current (I) and potential
difference (V) and determine the resistance (R) of the Q = It
resistor. W VIt
Ans : [CBSE 2018] b. 40 W–240 V 25 W–240 V
2 2
P1 = V 1 R2 = V 2
R1 P2
2
R1 = V 1 R2 = 240 # 240 W
P1 25
R1 = 240 # 240 W
40
R1 = 25 or R1 = 5
R2 40 R2 8
R1 < R2 i.e., Resistance of 25 W bulb is more than 40
W bulb.
96. Draw a labelled circuit diagram showing three resistors 98. a. What is meant by saying that the potential
R1, R2 and R3 connected in series with a battery difference between two points is 1 volt?
(E), a rheostat (Rh), a plug key (K) and an ammeter b. Why does the connecting cord of an electrical
(A) using standard circuit symbols. Use this circuit to heater not glow while the heating element does?
show that the same current flows through every part c. Electrical resistivity of some substance at 20°C
of the circuit. List two precautions you would observe are given below:
while performing the experiment.
Silver 1.60 # 10-8 Wm
Ans : [CBSE 2016]
By changing the position of ammeter, measure the
Copper 1.62 # 10-8 Wm
current in it. Every time the magnitude of current is Tungsten 5.2 # 10-8 Wm
found same i.e., in series combination the current in
every part of the circuit, remains same.
Iron 10.0 # 10-8 Wm
Mercury 94.0 # 10-8 Wm
Nichrome 100 # 10-6 Wm
Answer the following questions in relation to them:
i. Among silver and copper which one is better
conductor? Why?
ii. Which material would you advise to use in
electrical heating device? Why?
Ans : [CBSE 2016]
Precaution: a. If the amount of work done in bringing a unit
a. Connect the ammeter in series with battery. positive charge from one point to another is 1 J in
b. All connection must be tight. an electric field then potential difference b/w the
c. Current must not be greater than the two points is said to be 1 volt.
range of ammeter.
1V = 1J
1C
97. (a) Derive the formula for the calculation of work b. Connected cord of an electrical heater does not
done when current flows through a resistor. glow because this is of copper metal, which has
(b) One electric bulb is rated 40 W and 240 V and low resistivity and good conductivity. Heating
other 25 W and 240 V. Which bulb has higher element glows due to its high resistivity or poor
resistance and how many times? conductivity.
Ans : [CBSE 2016] c. (i) The resistivity of silver is lesser than copper so
a. Let R is the resistance of the resistor in which I it is a good conductor.
current is passed for a time t by applying a p.d. ( (ii) The resistivity of nichrome is maximum in the
V ) across the resistor. given table so nichrome will be advised to use
in electrical heating device. of charge and work. Draw the circuit symbols for
(i) variable resistor, (ii) a plug key which is closed
99. (a) Name an instrument that measures electric one.
current in a circuit. Define unit of electric current. (b) Two electric circuits I and II are shown below “
(b) What are the following symbols mean in an
electric circuit?
(i) (ii)
(c) Draw a closed circuit diagram consisting of 0.5 m
long nichrome wire XY, an , ammeter, a voltmeter,
four cells of 1.5 V and a plug key.
Ans : [CBSE 2015]
a. Ammeter. (i) Which of the two circuits has more resistance?
If IC charge flows in an electric circuit is 1 s then (ii) Through which circuit more current passes?
the current is said to be 1 A. (iii) In which circuit, the potential difference
b. (i) Rheostat (ii) Closed key across each resistor is equal?
(iv) If R1 > R2 > R3 in which circuit more heat
will be produced in R1 as compared to other
two resistors?
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
c.
a. Voltmeter
The amount of work done in bringing a unit
positive charge from one point to another in an
electric field is said to be potential difference
100. What is meant by resistance of a conductor? Name V =W

Q
and define its SI unit. List the factors on which
the resistance of a conductor depends. How is the (i) Variable resistance
resistance of a wire affected if:
a. its length is doubled, (ii) Closed key.
b. its radius is doubled? b. (i) In series combination resistance is more than
Ans : [CBSE 2015] parallel combination.
Property of any conductor by virtue of which it (ii) Lesser the resistance more the current in
opposes the flow of current in the conductor is called circuit i.e., in parallel (II) current is max.
its resistance. (iii) In parallel combination (II)
SI unit of resistance is Ohm. If by applying a potential (iv) More heat in (I) across R1.
difference of 1 volt the current in the conductor is 1 A.
103. When a high resistance voltmeter is connected directly
Then the resistance of the conductor is said to be 1 ohm.
across an electric bulb, its reading is 2 V. An electric
Factor affecting resistances:
cell is sending the current of 0.4 ampere (measured by
a. If length is double then resistance also becomes
an ammeter) in the electric circuit.
doubled.
a. Draw the circuit.
b. If radius is doubled then area A = p ^2r h2 becomes
b. Find the resistance of the electric bulb,
4 times, then the resistance becomes 1/4.
c. State the law that is applied for making these
101. What do you mean by heating effect of electric current? calculation. If a graph is plotted between V and I,
Explain the production of heat in a resistor by flow of show the nature of the graph obtained.
electric current through it. Name two devices based on Ans : [Delhi 2014]
heating effect of current.
When current is passed through a conductor, heat
a.
is produced. Production of heat in a conductor on
passing the current is called heating effect of current.
When a current is passed in a conductor by applying
a potential difference, electrons get accelerated and
collide with the atoms of the conductor. During the
collision there is a loss of kinetic energy. This loss b. V = 2 Volt, I = 0.4 A
in K.E. appears in the form of heat energy in the
conductor 1. Electric heater, 2. Bulb. R = V = 2 ohm or R = 5 ohm
I 0.4
102. (a) Name an instrument that measures potential c. Ohm’s law: If the physical conditions of a conductor
difference between two points in a circuit. Define is kept constant then current in the circuit is
the unit of potential difference in terms of SI unit directly proportional to the potential difference
applied across the ends of the conductor.
Ans :
a. Potential difference b/w the two terminals of a
cell is produced due to chemical reaction in the
cell. This potential difference maintains a current
Since V ? I
in the circuit.
Hence graph between V and I is a straight line
b. (i) The resistance b/w XZY and XTY are in
for a conductor. Which passes through the origin
parallel combination. Their equivalent resistance.
O of the graph.
1 =1+1
Rxy 2 6
104. Draw a schematic diagram of an electric circuit (in the
“on” position) consisting of a battery of five cells of 2 Rxy = 3 = 1.5 W
2
V each, a 5 W resistor, a 8 W resistor, a 12 W resistor
and a plug key, all connected in series. An ammeter (ii) Net resistance of the circuit
is put in the circuit to measure the electric current R = 1.5 + 1.5 = 3.0 W
through the resistors and a voltmeter is connected so
as to measure the potential difference across the 12 Hence, I =V = 6
R 3
W resistor.
Calculate the reading shown by the: (a) ammeter (b) I = 2.0 A
voltmeter in the below electric circuit. (iii) P.D. across X, Y points
Ans : [CBSE 2014] V = IRxy = 2 # 1.5 = 3.0 V
Resistors of 5 W , 8 W , 12 W all the connected in series. I in 2 W resistor = 3.0 = 1.5 A
Hence, 2
RS = R1 + R2 + R3 I in 6 W resistor = 3.0 = 0.5 A

6
= ^5 + 8 + 12h W
106. (a) State the commercial unit of electric energy and
RS = 25 W find its relation with its SI unit.
As V = IR (b) The current through a resistor is made three
times its initial value. Calculate how it will affect
I = V = 10 A the heat produced in the resistor.
R 25
(c) Find the increase in the amount of heat generated
I = 0.4 A in a conductor if another conductor of double
a. Ammeter reading is 0.4 A. resistance is connected in the circuit keeping all
other factors unchanged.
Ans : [CBSE 2014]
a. Commercial unit of electric energy = kWh
1 kWh = 3.6 # 106 J
b. Initial heat generated in the
resistor = I2 Rt
H1 = I2 Rt ...(1)
when current is made three times i.e. 3I now heat
b. V = IR generated
Potential drop across 12 W resistance
H2 = ^3I h2 Rt ...(2)
V = 0.4 # 12 = 4.8 Volt. 2
H2 = 9I Rt
105. (a) Explain how does a cell maintain current in a In later case, heat generated is 9 times the initial heat
circuit. generated.
(b) In the circuit given below the resistance of the c. If another conductor of 2R is connected in series
path xTy = 2 W and that of xZy = 6 W then total resistance = R + 2R = 3R .
(i) Find the equivalent resistance between x and Now heat generated H = I2 ^3Rh t
y.
H = 3I2 Rt
(ii) Find the current in the main circuit.
In this case, heat generated is three times.
(iii) Calculate the current that flows through the
path xTy and xZy. 107. (a) Derive an expression to find the equivalent
resistance of three resistors connected in series.
Also, draw the schematic diagram of the circuit.

(b) Find the equivalent resistance of the following
circuit:
c. (i) Symbol is of variable resistor and it is used to

regulate the current.
(ii) Plug key is closed. When plug key is closed
Ans : [CBSE 2013]
current flows through the circuit.
109. Define resistance of a conductor. State the factors on

a. which resistance of a conductor depends. Name the
device which is often used to change the resistance
without changing the voltage source in an electric
circuit.
If the equivalent resistance is RS Calculate the resistance of 50 m length of wire of
then, V = IRS cross-sectional area 0.01 square mm and of resistivity
5 # 10-8 Wm .
But, V = V1 + V2 + V3
Ans : [CASE 20131
RS = R1 + R2 + R3
Resistance is the opposition offered in the path of flow
of current by the atoms or molecules of a conductor.
Factors affecting resistances:
a. length R ? l
b. area of cross-section R ? 1
A
c. nature of material.
b.
Rheostat is used to change the current in the
circuit without changing the voltage source.
Given: l = 50 m
1 = 1 + 1 + 1 A = 0.01 mm2 = 0.01 # 10-6 m2
Rp R1 R2 R3
r = 5 # 10-8 Wm
= 1 + 1 + 1 = 5+3+2 As R = r l = 5 # 10-8 # 50
6 10 15 30 A 0.01 # 10-6
= 10 R = 250 W
30
Rp = 3 W 110. (a) Calculate the resistance of the wire using graph.
108. (a) Name and state the law that gives relationship
between the current through a conductor and the
potential difference across its two terminals. Also,
express this law mathematically.
(b) Draw the V-I graph for this law. Justify your
answer.
(c) Write the name and use of the circuit components
whose symbols are given below.
(i) (ii)
(b) How many 176 W resistors in parallel are required
Ans : [CBSE 2013] to carry 5 A on a 220 V line?
a. The law is Ohm’s law. (c) Define electric power, Derive relation between
If the physical conditions of a conductor is kept power, potential difference and resistance.
constant then current through it is directly Ans : [CBSE 2012]
proportional to the potential difference applied
across it. a. R = TV = 2 - 0 W
TI 0.1 - 0
V ? I or V = RI
b. Since V ? I so a graph b/w V and I is a straight R = 20 W
line.
1 = 1 + 1 + 1
R R1 R2 R3
b. To prevent oxidising the filament due to high
temperature.
c. The current in the fuse wire must not exceed 5 A
otherwise it will melt.
112. (a) In the circuit shown connect a nichrome wire of

length “L” between points X and Y and note the
ammeter reading.
b. Resistance of the circuit to carry a current of 5A (i) When this experiment is repeated by inserting
on 220V. another nichrome wire of the same thickness
but twice the length (2L), what changes are
R = 220 = 44 W observed in the ammeter reading?
5
Let n resistors of 176 W are connected whose (ii) State the changes that are observed in the
equivalent resistance is 44 W . ammeter reading if we double the area of
cross-section without changing the length in
176 = 44 or n = 176
n 44 the above experiment. Justify your answer in
both the cases.
n =4 (b) “Potential difference between points A and B in
a. The rate of electrical energy is consumed in a an electric field is 1V”. Explain the statement.
circuit is called electric power
2
P = W = I Rt
t t
P = I2 R But I = V
R
2 2
P = V 2 R or P = V Ans : [CBSE 2012]
R R
a. (i) The resistance of two times long wire also
111. (a) Three resistors R1, R2 and R3 are connected in becomes two times so current decreases in the
parallel and the combination is connected to circuit.
battery, ammeter, voltmeter and key. Draw (ii) If area of the nichrome wire is doubled then
suitable circuit diagram. Obtain an expression its resistance decreases and hence current
for the effective resistance of the combination of increases in the circuit.
resistors in parallel. b. Potential difference b/w A and B is 1 volt means
(b) Why are electric bulbs filled with chemically that 1 J of work is to be done in moving a unit
inactive nitrogen or argon? positive charge (+ 1C) from point A to B.
(c) What is meant by the statement that the rating of
a fuse in a circuit is 5 A? 113. Draw a circuit diagram for a circuit consisting of a
Ans : [CBSE 2012] battery of five cells of 2 volts each, a 5 W resistor, a
10 W resistor and a 15 W resistor, an ammeter and
a. Let equivalent (effective) resistance is R
a plug key; all connected in series. Also, connect a
then I =V voltmeter to record the potential difference across the
R
15 W resistor and calculate:
a. the electric current passing through the above
circuit and
b. potential difference across 5 W resistor when the
key is closed.
Ans : [CBSE 2012]
Similarly, I1 = V
R1
I2 = V and I3 = V a. Net effective resistance of the circuit.

R2 R3
R ^5 + 10 + 15h W = 30 W
But I = I1 + I2 + I3 Current in the circuit
V =V +V +V
or
R R1 R2 R3 I = ne = 5 # 2 A = 1 A
R 30 3
I = 0.33 A
b. P.D. across 5 W resistor V = IR If by applying a potential difference of 1 volt across a

V = 0.33 # 5 = 1.65 Volt. conductor, the current is 1A then the resistance of the
conductor is said to be 1 ohm.
V = 1.65 Volt. Two disadvantages of connecting electrical appliance
114. (a) What is an electric circuit?
in series.
(b) Calculate the number of electron that flow per a. If one appliance fails to operate then the circuit
second to constitute a current of one ampere. is broken and other devices also will not operate.
Charge on an electron is 1.6 # 10-19 C . b. Different devices require different amount of
(c) Draw an electric circuit for studying Ohm’s law. current to operate but in series combination, same
Label the circuit component used to measure current is supplied to all electrical appliances.
electric current and potential difference. 117. Define power. State the difference between 1 watt and
Ans : [CBSE 2012] 1 watt hour. Establish the relationship between unit
a. A continuous path in which current can flow when of electric energy and SI unit of energy. An electric
switch i6 plugged in. heater rated 1000 W/220 V operates 2 hours daily.
Calculate the cost of energy to operate for 30 days at
b. Q = It or ne = It & n = I $ t
e the rate of Rs 5.00 per kWh.
Given: I = 1A , t = 1s Ans : [CBSE 2012]
n = 1 # 1 -19 Electric Power: P is defined as the rate at which
1.6 # 10 electric energy is consumed in an electric circuit.
n = 6.25 # 1018 electrons 1 watt is the power consumed by an electric appliance
c. K–Plug key, (A)–Ammeter, (V)–Voltmeter, Rh– that carries 1A current when a potential difference of
Rheostat 1 volt is applied across it. Whereas 1 Wh. is the unit
of electric energy, which is consumed by an electric
appliance of 1 W power in one hour.
Commercial unit of electric energy is kWh.
1 kWh = 1000 W # 60 # 60 s
1 kWh = 3.6 # 106 J
Energy consumed by heater in one month
= 1000 W # 2h # 30 days = 60 kWh
115. (a) Define potential difference between two points in
= 60 units
a conductor.
Total cost @ ` 5/-kWh = 5 # 60 = `300
(b) Name the instrument used to measure the potential
difference in a circuit. How is it connected? 118. (a) Why is the series arrangement not used for
(c) A current of 2 A passes through a circuit for domestic circuits?
1 minute. If potential difference between the (b) Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for
terminals of the circuit is 3 V, what is the work filament of electric lamps?
done in transferring the charges? (c) Why are the conductors of electric heating devices
Ans : [CBSE 2012] such as bread toasters and electric irons made of
a. Electric potential is the amount of work done in an alloy rather than a pure metal?
bringing a unit positive charge from one point to (d) Why are copper and aluminium wires usually
another. employed for electricity transmission?
b. Voltmeter. It is connected in parallel in the circuit. (e) Why does the cord of an electric heater not glow
c. I = 2A , t = 1 min. = 60 s , V = 3 V while the heating element does?
Ans : [CBSE 2010]
W = VQ = V ^It h
W = 3 # 2 # 60 J a. In the series arrangement if any device fails to
work, circuit will be broken and other devices stop
W = 360 J working. In series combination current remains
same. Where as different devices requires different
116. State Ohm’s law. Write the mathematical
current.
representation of Ohm’s law. Use this relationship to
b. Tungsten is used due to its high resistivity and
define 1 ohm. List two disadvantages of connecting
high melting point.
different electrical appliances in series.
c. Alloys have higher resistivity than their pure
Ans : [CBSE 2012] constituent and hence produces more heat.
If the physical conditions of a conductor are kept d. Copper and aluminium are good conductors and
constant then current is directly proportional to the have low values of resistivity so these are used for
potential difference applied across it. electric transmission.
Mathematical representation of Ohm’s law V = IR . e. Cords core made up of good conductor with low
V =R resistivity where as heating elements are made
I up of alloys of higher resistivity to produce more
heat.
1 Volt = 1 ohm
1 Ampere
119. (a) Name an instrument that measures electric 120. (a) (i) What is meant by saying that the potential
current in a circuit. Define the unit of electric difference between two points is 1 volt?
current. (ii) How much energy is given to 5 coulomb of
(b) What do the following symbols mean in circuit charge passing through a 12 V battery?
diagrams? (b) Describe an activity with necessary electric circuit
drawn to study the factors on which the resistance
(i) (ii) of a conducting wire depends.
(c) An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5 m long Ans : [CBSE 2008]
nichrome wire XY, an ammeter, a voltmeter, four a. (i) Potential difference b/w the two points is 1
cells of 1.5 V each and a plug key was set up. volt mean if we bring a unit positive charge (+
(i) Draw a diagram of this electric circuit to study 1C) from one point to other point then amount of
the relation between the potential difference work done is 1 J, W = VQ.
maintained between the points X and Y and (ii) Given: Q =5 C, V =12 V, W =12 # 5 = 60 J
the electric current flowing through XY. b. Activity to study the factors of affecting
(ii) Following graph was plotted between V and I resistance of the conductor—Take a cell, an
values: ammeter, manganin wires of different length and
different area of cross- section and key. Connect
an ammeter, a manganin wire of (say) 10 cm long
to a cell through a plug key.
(i). Now closed the key and note the current in
the circuit with the help of ammeter.
(ii). Now replace the manganin wire with another
manganin wire of twice the area of cross-
section and again measure the current in the
circuit with the help of ammeter.
(iii).Now repeat the activity by taking a copper
What would be the values of V/I ratios when the wire of same length same area of cross-section,
potential difference is 0.8 V, 1.2 V and 1.6 V and note down the current in each case. You
respectively? What conclusion do you draw from these will find that current in the circuit in each
values? case is different. Which shows that resistance
depends upon (1) nature of material (2)
Ans : [Delhi 2008]
length of the conductor and (3) area of cross-
a. Ammeter: Ampere is the unit of current. If one section.
coulomb charge flows in a circuit in 1 s then the
current in the circuit will be 1 Ampere. (A)
b. (i) Variable resistor (ii) closed key
c. (i)
121. (a) What do the following symbols represent in a

circuit? Write the name and one function of each.
(i) (ii)
(b) Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting

of a battery of 12 V, three resistors of 5 W , 10
W and 20 W connected in parallel, an ammeter
to measure the total current through the circuit,
a voltmeter to measure the potential difference
(ii) across the combination of resistors.
(c) State any one advantage of connecting electrical
devices in parallel with the mains instead of
connecting them in series in a household circuit.
Ans : [CBSE 2008]
a. (i) Variable resistor used to change the current in
circuit.
(ii) Wires crossing each other which are not
The graph b/w V and I is a straight line. connected together. It is used when large
number of connections are to be made with
R = V = 1.6 - 0 = 1.6 = 2.67 W
I 0.6 - 0 0.6 the help of wires out joining them.
Given: V = 1.5 volt.

R = 30 W
I = V = 1.5 = 1 = 0.05 A
R 30 20
b.
125. When two resistors of resistances R1 and R2 are
connected in parallel, the net resistance is 3 W . When
connected in series, its value is 16 W . Calculate the
values of R1 and R2.
c. (i) Let the devices are connected in series if one
devices fails to work, the circuit will be broken and R1 and R2 are in parallel combination.
all devices stop working, which is not in the case 1 = 1 + 1
of parallel combination. In parallel combination if Rp R1 R2
one device fails others keep working. R1 # R2 = 3
(ii) In parallel combination the voltage will be ...(1)
R1 + R2
same across each device. When R1 and R2 are in series combination.
122. An electric iron has a rating of 750 W; 200 V. Rs = R1 + R2 = 16 W
Calculate: R1 + R2 = 16 ...(2)
a. the current required. Solving eq. (1) and eq. (2)
b. the resistance of its heating element,
c. energy consumed by the iron in 2 hours. R 12 - 16R1 + 48 = 0
Ans : [CBSE2016] ^R1 - 4h^R1 - 12h = 0
Rating of iron is 750 W–200V. R1 = 4 W, 12 W
P = 750 W , V = 200 Volt. R2 = 12 W or 4 W
a. P = VI or I = P 126. A current of 0.5 A is drawn by a filament of an electric

V bulb for 10 minutes. Find the amount of electric charge
I = 750 = 3.75 A that flows through the circuit.
200
Ans : [CBSE 2015]
b. Resistance = V = 200 = 53.3 Volt.
I 3.75
Given: I = 0.5 A
c. Energy consumed in 2 hr = P # t
t = 10 # 60 s
E = 750 # 2 Wh = 1500 Wh
Q
I = or Q = It
123. A piece of wire is redrawn, without change in volume so t
that its radius is halved. Compare the new resistance Q = 0.5 # 10 # 60 C
with the original resistance. Q = 300 C
Ans : [CBSE2016]
127. (a) How much current will an electric bulb draw
Let l1 = l from a 220 V source, if the resistance of the bulb
2 2 filament is 1200 ohm?
A1 = pr = pr
1
(b) How much current will an electric heater coil draw
New length = l2 from a 220 V source, if the resistance of the heater
22 coil is 100 ohm?
A2 = p d r n = pr
2 4 Ans : [CBSE 2015]
Given: Volume is same
(a) Given:V = 220 V
l1 A1 = l2 A2
2
R = 1200 ohm
l # pr = l2 pr or l2 = 4l
2
As V = IR
4
R1 = r l 2 and 220 = I # 1200 or I = 220 A

1200
^pr h I = 0.18 A
R2 = r 4l 2 = 16r l 2 (b) V = 220 V
pr pr
4 R = 100 ohm
R2 = 16R1
I = V = 220 A
R 100
124. The potential difference across the terminals of a I = 2.2 A
cell is 1.5 volt. If it is connected with a resistance of
30 ohms, calculate the current flowing through the 128. The potential difference between the terminals of an
circuit. electric heater is 60 V when it draws a current of 4 A
Ans : [CBSE2016] from the source. What current will the heater draw, if
the potential difference is increased to 120 V? As P = V#I

Ans : a. When heating is at maximum rate
P = 840 W
V = 60 V , I = 4A
I = 840 = 3.8 A
R = V = 60 = 15 W 220
I 4
when V = 120 V , R = 15 W and R = V = 220 = 57.7 W
I 3.8
then, Il = V = 120 b. When heating is at minimum rate
R 15
P = 360 W
Il = 8A
I = 360 = 1.64 A
220
129. Resistance of a metal wire of length 1 m is 26 W at
20°C. If the diameter of the wire is 0.3 mm, what will and, Resistance = 220 = 1.34.15 W
be the resistivity of the metal at that temperature? 1.64
Ans : 132. In a household, 5 tube lights of 40 W each are used
for 5 hours and an electric press of 500 W for 4 hour
We have l = 1m everyday. Calculate the total energy consumed by the
R = 26 ohm tube lights and press in a month of 30 days.
Ans : [CBSE 2013]
t = 20cC
r = 0.15 mm Power of 1 tube = 40 W
r =? Power of 5 tubes = 5 # 40 W = 200 W
Energy consumed by 5 tubes in 5 hr. per day
As R =rl
A = 200 # 5 = 1000 Wh
2
r = R # A = R # pr Energy consumed by electric press per day
l l
= 500 W # 4 hr
^0.15 # 10-3h2
r = 26 # 22 # = 2000 Wh
7 1
Total energy consumed per day
r = 1.84 # 10-6 Wm
= ^1000 + 2000h Wh
130. A 4 W resistance wire is doubled on itself. Calculate = 3000 Wh = 3 kWh
the new resistance of the wire. Total energy consumed in 30 days
Ans : [CBSE 2015] = 3 # 30 kWh
Let the initial length = l = 90 kWh
Initial resistance = 4 W 133. In the circuit shown below, calculate:
when it is doubled on itself, length becomes half and a. total resistance in arm CE,
area becomes double (=2A) b. total current drawn from the battery, and
R1 = r l1 ...(1) c. current in each arm, i.e., AB and CE of the circuit.
A1
4 =rl
A
R2 = r l2 ...(2)
A2
l
R2 = r 2
2A
R2 = r l ...(3) Ans : [CBSE 2013]

4A
Dividing (3) by eq. (1) a. Total resistance in arm CE
R2 = r l A1 = l A = ^2 + 4h W = 6 W
R1 4A # rl1 4A # l b. CE arm and AB arm in parallel.
R2 = R1 = 4 = 1 effective resistance, b6 6l
1 = 1+1
4 4 R
R2 = 1 W R = 3W
131. An electric iron consumes energy at a rate of 840 W Total current in the circuit 6a V = 3V given@
when heating is at the maximum rate and 360 W when
the heating is at the minimum. The voltage is 220 V. I = V = 3 = 1A
R 3
What are the current and the resistance in each case? c. Resistance of CE and AB arms is same = 6 W
Ans : [CBSE 2015]
Current in each arm = 3 = 1 A
6 2
the circuit, and (b) current shown by the ammeter.

I = 0.5 A
134. An electric heater rated 1200 W operates 2 hour per

day. Find the cost of the energy required to operate it
for 30 days at Rs 5.00 per unit.
Ans : [CBSE 2013]
Rating of heater = 1200 W

t1 = 2 hr per day
Total time ^ t h for 30 days Ans : [CBSE 2012]
= t1 # 30 = 2 # 30 a. 3 W and 2 W resistors are in series their effective
resistance 3 + 2 = 5 W is in parallel to 5 W
= 60 hrs
resistance.
Energy consumed in one month (30 days)
= P # t = 1200 # 60 Net resistance = 5 = 2.5 W
2
= 72000 Wh
b. I = V = 2.5
= 72 kWh R 2.5
Cost of energy consumed in 30 days I = 1A
= `72 # 5 = `360
138. An electric heater rated 600 W operates 6 hours per
135. Two electric lamps of 100 W and 25 W respectively day. Find the cost to operate it for 30 days at Rs. 3.00
are joined in parallel to a supply of 200 V. Calculate per unit.
the total current flowing through the circuit. Ans : [CBSE 2012]
Ans : [CBSE 2012]
Given: P = 600 W
Bulbs 100 W 25 W
t = 6 hr per day
V = 200 V 200 V
no. of days = 30
Total P = P1 + P2 Energy consumed by the heater
= 100 + 25 = 125 W = P#t
I = P = 125 A = 600 W # 6 hr # 30 days
V 200 day
= 108000 Wh
I = 0.625 A
= 108 kWh
136. Two identical resistors, each of resistance 2 W are
Total cost @ ` 3/- = `108 # 3 = `324
connected in turn: (i) in series, and (ii) in parallel
to a battery of 12 V. Calculate the ratio of power 139. Three resistors of 5 W, 10 W, and 15 W are connected
consumed in the two cases. in series and the combination is connected to battery
Ans : [CBSE 2015] of 30 V. Ammeter and voltmeter are connected in
the circuit. Draw a circuit diagram to connect all the
Given: R1 = R2 = 2 W devices in proper correct order. What is the current
(i) In series RS = 2 + 2 = 4 W flowing and potential difference across 10 W resistance?
Power consumed in series: Ans : [CBSE 2012]
2
Effective resistance of the circuit
PS = V = 12 # 12 W
RS 4 R = 5 + 10 + 15 = 30 W
PS = 36 W
(ii) In parallel combination 1 = 1 + 1
Rp 2 2
RP = 1 W
2
PP = V = 12 # 12 W
RP 1
PP = 144 W
137. In the given circuit, calculate (a) total resistance of

Current in the circuit, I = V = 30 A
R 30
I = 1A
Current in 10 W resistor = 1 A
Potential difference across 10 W resistor
V = IR = 1 # 10
V = 10 Volt
140. Find the equivalent resistance across the two ends A resistance of coils
and B of this circuit. = 30 + 30 = 60 W
I = 220 = 3.66 A
60
c. When two coils are connected in parallel then
total resistance
= 30 = 15 A
2
Now current, I = 220 = 14.67 A

15
142. A piece of wire having resistance R is cut into four
equal parts,
Ans : a. How will the resistance of each part compare with
The pairs of Rl and R2; R3 and R4 ; R5 and R6 and R7, the original resistance?
and R8 are in parallel b. If the four parts are placed in parallel, how will
Their equivalent resistance = 1 W each. the joint resistance compare with the resistance of
the original wire?
Ans :
a. When wire is cut in equal pieces then resistance
on one piece = R4
b. Effective resistance in parallel combination of
these four pieces of resistance R4 each.
1 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16
Rp R R R R R
Rp = R
16
Now R12 and R34 are in series R14 = 1 + 1 = 2 W and
R56 and R78 are in series 143. A wire is 1.0 m long, 0.2 mm in diameter and has
a resistance of 10 W . Calculate the resistivity of its
R56 = 1 + 1 = 2 W
material.
Ans : [CBSE 2011]
L = 1.0 m
D = 0.2 mm
r = D = 0.2 = 0.1 mm
2 2
Hence network can be reduced further as r = 0.1 # 10-3 m

R = 10 W
R = r l or r = R # A
A r
2
r = 10 # pr
l
Now R14 and R58 are in parallel
Net equivalent resistance of the network 3.14 # ^0.1 # 10-3h2
10 =
1.0
= 1 + 1 = 1W
2 2 r = 3.14 # 10-7 Wm
141. A hot plate of an electric oven, connected to a 220 V 144. The rating of an electric heater is 1100 W, 220 V.
line. It has two resistance coils A and B each of the Calculate its resistance when it operates at 220 V.
30 W which may be used separately, in series or in Also, calculate the energy consumed in kWh in the
parallel. Find the value of the current required in each month of November, if the heater is used daily for four
of the three cases. hours at the rated voltage.
Ans : [CBSE 2012] Ans : [CBSE 2010]
V = 220 Volt P = 1100 W
RA = RB = 30 W V = 220 V
a. When both are used separately. 2
Then current drawn by each R = V = 220 # 220 W = 484 W = 44 W
P 1100 11
I = V = 220 = 7.3 A Total energy consumed in the month of Nov. (i.e. 30
R 30 days) @ 4 hr per day.
b. When two coils are connected in series then total
E = P#t I1 = I2 = 1.5 A
= 1100 # 4 # hr # 30 147. Find out the following in the electric circuit given in
= 1100 # 120 Wh figure:
E = 132 kWh a. Effective resistance of two 8 W resistors in the
combination.
145. (a) For the circuit shown in the diagram, calculate: b. Current flowing through 4 W resistor.
(i) value of current through the 30 W resistor. c. Potential difference across 4 W resistor.
(ii) total resistance of the circuit. d. Power dissipated in 4 W resistor.
(b) Give two advantages of connecting electrical e. Difference in ammeter readings, if any.
devices in parallel with battery.
Ans : [CBSE 2010] Ans :

a. Potential across each resistor = 6 V. a. 8 W and 8 W resistors are in parallel
(i) I in 30 W resistor, Rp = 8 # 8 = 4 W
8+8
=V = 6 = 1 A
R 30 5
= 0.2 A
(ii) All in parallel,
1 = 1 + 1 +1 = 1+3+6
Rp 30 10 5 30
= 10
30
Rp = 3 W b. Total resistance of the circuit
b. (i) Voltage across each appliance remains = ^4 + 4h W = 8 W
(ii) If any appliance fails to work other appliances Current in 4 W resistor
continue to work.
I = 8 = 1A
8
146. Three 2 W resistors, A, B and C, are connected as c. Potential difference across 4 W resistor
shown in figure. Each of them dissipates energy and V = IR = 1 # 4 = 4 Volt.
can withstand a maximum power of 18 W without d. Power dissipated in 4 W resistor
melting. Find the maximum current that can flow
P = I2 R = ^1 h2 # 4 W
through the three resistors.
P =4W
e. Both the ammeters are in series in the circuit so
current will be same in both ammeters. Hence no
difference in the reading of two ammeter.
148. Calculate the resistance of an electric bulb which

Ans : [CBSE 2010] allows a 10 A current when connected to a 220 V
power source.
Given maximum power of the network
Ans : [CBSE 2009]
P = 18 W
Maximum current in 2 W resistor. I = 10 A
from P = I2 R or I2 = P V = 220 Volt.

R
I2 = 18 = 9 Resistance of bulb = V = 220 = 22 W
2 I 10
I = 3A 149. An electric lamp is marked 100 W, 220 V. It is used

for 5 hours daily. Calculate: (i) its resistance while
glowing, (ii) energy consumed in kWh per day.
Ans : [CBSE 2007]
Electric Iron 100W –– 220 V
Resistor 2 W, 2 W are equal and in parallel combination Used for time, t = 5 hr. daily
so current of 3 A will be distributed equally.
2
= P # t = 100 # 4 = 400 Wh
(i) R = V = 220 # 220 = 484 W
P 100
= 0.4 kWh
(ii) Energy consumed by iron per day Total energy consumed by 5 similar bulb
= P # t = 100 # 5 Wh = 5 # 0.4 = 2 kWh
= 500 Wh = 0.5 kWh Cost ` 0.50 per unit = `2 # 0.50 = `1
150. A torch bulb is rated 5 V and 500 mA. Calculate
its (i) power (ii) resistance and (iii) energy consumed WWW.CBSE.ONLINE
when it is lighted for 4 hours.
Ans : [CBSE 2005] NO NEED TO PURCHASE ANY BOOKS
Given: 5V––500 mA For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at

www.cbse.online for
(i) Power = V # I = 5 # 500 # 10-3 1. Previous 15 Years Exams Chapter-wise Question
= 2.5 W Bank
2. Previous Ten Years Exam Paper (Paper-wise).
(ii) Resistance = V = 5 = 10 W 3. 20 Model Paper (All Solved).
I 500 # 10-3
4. NCERT Solutions
(iii) Energy consumed in four hrs. All material will be solved and free pdf. It will be
= 2.5 # 4 # 60 # 60 provided by 30 September and will be updated regularly.
Disclaimer : www.cbse.online is not affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education,
= 10 # 3600 W.s. New Delhi in any manner. www.cbse.online is a private organization which provide free
study material pdfs to students. At www.cbse.online CBSE stands for Canny Books
= 3.6 # 10 4 J
151. If a 12 V battery is connected to the arrangement of

resistances given below, calculate:
a. the total effective resistance of the arrangement
and
b. the total current flowing in the circuit.
Ans : [CBSE 2005]

a. 10 W and 20 W are in series
Rs1 = 10 + 20 = 30 W
5 W and 25 W are in series
Rs2 = 5 + 25 = 30 W
30 W and 30 W are in parallel.
1 = 1 + 1 = 2
Rp 30 30 30
R p = 15 W
(ii) I = V = 12 = 0.8 A
RP 15
152. An electric bulb is rated at 200 V–100 W. What is its

resistance? Five such bulbs bum for 4 hours. What is
the electrical energy consumed? Calculate the cost, if
the rate is 50 paise unit.
Ans :
V = 200 V
P = 100 W
2
(a) P =V
R
^200h2
R = W = 40000 = 400 W
100 100
(b) Energy consumed in 4 hrs. by one bulb.

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Chap 12 : Electricity www.cbse.

File Revision Date : 10 July 2019

ONE MARK QUESTIONS electric current in a circuit.

P = 60 W , t = 1 s 19. happens to the resistance of a conductor when the

21. Draw a schematic diagram of an electric circuit

15. Give an example of a metal which is the best conductor

cables than in filaments of electric bulbs? R = 20 ohm

1 mA = 1 milli ampere = 10-3 A A — Bulb (load)

34. Give reason for the following:

37. List in a tabular form two differences between a

42. A thick wire and a thin wire of the same material

44. Find the resistance of bulb rated as 100W-250V.

49. In the circuit diagram shown, the two resistance wires

Ans : [CBSE 2011]

47. Mention the condition under which charges can move

55. The following table gives the resistivity of three

62. An electric appliance draws a current of 0.4 A when

THREE MARKS QUESTIONS

P = 5.0 # 0.1 W = 0.5W

66. What is meant by “electrical resistance” of a

71. Name and define SI unit of resistance. Calculate the

72. (a) Explain why a conductor offers resistance to the

73. A piece of wire of resistance 6 W is connected to battery

74. A wire of length l and resistance R is stretched so

= 4r l Now all resistances are in series combination.

IP = 220 = 20 A so first bulb will consume more energy.

80. Two bulbs A and B are rated as 90W–120V and

a. R = 10 W of length L, and area of cross-section A. b. We know that R = r l

85. State Ohm’s law. Calculate the resistance of a

a. Copper or aluminium wires are used for R =V

one amp flows through it when a potential difference P = 100 W

= 1 + 1 + 1 + ..... + n times 93. (a) Define the term ‘volt’.

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

95. The value of current (I) flowing through a given

100. What is meant by resistance of a conductor? Name V =W

applied across the ends of the conductor.

RS = R1 + R2 + R3 I in 6 W resistor = 3.0 = 0.5 A

Also, draw the schematic diagram of the circuit.

c. (i) Symbol is of variable resistor and it is used to

109. Define resistance of a conductor. State the factors on

112. (a) In the circuit shown connect a nichrome wire of

I2 = V and I3 = V a. Net effective resistance of the circuit.

b. P.D. across 5 W resistor V = IR If by applying a potential difference of 1 volt across a

121. (a) What do the following symbols represent in a

(b) Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting

Given: V = 1.5 volt.

a. P = VI or I = P 126. A current of 0.5 A is drawn by a filament of an electric

R1 = r l 2 and 220 = I # 1200 or I = 220 A

the potential difference is increased to 120 V? As P = V#I

R2 = r l ...(3) Ans : [CBSE 2013]

the circuit, and (b) current shown by the ammeter.

134. An electric heater rated 1200 W operates 2 hour per

Rating of heater = 1200 W

137. In the given circuit, calculate (a) total resistance of

Now current, I = 220 = 14.67 A

Hence network can be reduced further as r = 0.1 # 10-3 m

Ans : [CBSE 2010] Ans :

148. Calculate the resistance of an electric bulb which

from P = I2 R or I2 = P V = 220 Volt.

I = 3A 149. An electric lamp is marked 100 W, 220 V. It is used

Given: 5V––500 mA For session 2019-2020 free pdf will be available at

151. If a 12 V battery is connected to the arrangement of

Ans : [CBSE 2005]