What Is Pressure Loss? Air resistance in ventilation system is mainly determined by air speed in this system. Air resistance grows directly proportional to air flow. This phenomenon is known as pressure loss. Static pressure produced by a fan causes air motion in the ventilation system with a certain resistance. The higher the ventiation resistance in the system, the less air flow of the fan is. Friction losses for air in air ducts as well as resistance of the networking equipment (a filter, silencer, heater, valves and dampers, etc.) can be calculated using the tables and diagrams contained in the catalogue. Total pressure loss is equal to all pressure loss values in a ventilation system. Recommended air motion speed rate inside the air ducts: Type [Air speed, mi: IMain air ducts 60-80 [Side branches 40-50 [air distribution ducts} [1,5 - 2,0 [Supply ceiling grilies| |1,0- 3.0 [Extract grilles 15-30 Calculation of air speed in the air ducts: V=L / (3600°F) (mis) L - air capacity [ m*/nour]; F - duct cross section [m>] Recommendation 1. Pressure loss in the duct system can be reduced due to larger duct section which provides revatively even air speed In the whole system. The tigure below snows now to provide relatively even alr speed in tne duct system with the minimum pressure loss. 3 200 5 250 @ 315 Recommendation 2.For long systems with many ventilation grilles, install a fan in the middie of the network. Such solution has several advantages. On the one hand, pressure losses are reduced, on the other hand, smaller ducts are used @ 200 9 250 G 315 @250 | 6200 Ventilation system calculation example: Start the calculation with the system drafting, showing the location of the ir duct, ventilation grilles, fans and also the air duct section lengths between Tjoint. Then calculate the air capacity at each section To calculate the pressure loss in the sections 1-6, use the pressure loss diagram for round air ducts. For that the required air duct diameters and pressure loss shalll be determined under condition of permissible air sped in the duct Section 1: alr flow s 200 m°/n. Suppose that ine alr duct diameter Is 200 mm ane alr speed Is 1.95 mvs, then the pressure loss is 0.21 Palm x 16 m = 3 Pa(refer to the pressure loss diagram for the air ducts). Section 2: the same calculations shall be performed considering that the air speed through this section is 220+350=570 m3/n. Suppose that the air duct diameter is 250 mm and air speed is 3.23 m/s, then the pressure loss is 0.9 Paim x 20 m=18 Pa Section 3: air flow through this section is 1070 mh. Suppose that the air duct diameter is 315 mm and air speed is 3.82 mls, then the pressure loss is 1.1 Palmx 20 m= 22 Pa mi segm. 6 co segm.4 segm.3 segm.2 segm. 1 = 200 1:20; v5.6 m/e weiszve 1520. 23,23 m/e, \ 1511.95) a a TT iw i Team th 1-070 mT = 70m Beam & (ea. — sas ‘sane. sacar sigeare sagan Section 4: air flow through this section is 1570 m°mh. Suppose that the air duct diameter is 315 mm and air speed is 56 mis, then the pressure loss is 2.9 Palm x 20 m = 46 Pa Section 5: air flow through this section is 1570 m°mh. Suppose that the air duct diameter is 315 mm and air speed is 56 mis, then the pressure loss is 2.3 Palm x 1m=23 Pa Section 6: air flow through this section is 1870 mh. Suppose that the air duct diameter is 315 mm and air speed is 56 ms, then the pressure loss is 2.9 Palm x 10 m = 23 Pa. The total air pressure in the ductwork system is 1143 Pa As the last section pressure loss calculation is over, you can start calculating pressure loss in the network elements as silencer SR 315/900 (16 Pa) and in the backdraft damper KOM 315 (22 Pa). Calculate also pressure loss in the branches to the grilles. The total air resistance in 4 branches makes 8 Pa Pressure loss calculation in air duct Tjoints.The diagram enables calculation of the pressure loss in the branches on the basis of bend angle, air duct alameter and air capacity. Example. Calculate the pressure loss for £0° bend, @ 250 mm and air flow 500 m*/n. For that find the intersection point of the vertical line that shows the air capacity with the vertical line. Find the pressure loss on the vertical line on the left for 90° pipe bend which makes 2 Pa Suppose we install the PF ceiling diffusers with air resistance 26 Fa Now let us sum up all the pressure losses ‘or the sraight air duct section, network elements, bends and grilles. The target value is 186.3 Pa. After all calculations we come to the conclusion that we need an exhaust fan with air capacity 1570 m?/n at the air resistance 186.3 Pa. Considering all the required operating parameters the VENTS VKMS 315 fan is the best solution Pressure loss calculation in air ducts = weees Pressure drop, AP (Pa) ne be > Temperature °C Air capacity (m*/h) Pressure drop calculation in backaratt damper 100 é & 9 $ 80 3 {it { | 3 70 & | “Coe ane ae 40 +++ + 1 | % z I 20 fie 1 KOM 200} ro LOLA Lea 2 - Kom 250—| 3-KOM 315 |Pressure drop, AP [Pa] Pressure, AP [Pa] 0 500, 1000 1500 2000 2500 Air capacity, [m?/h] Fan selection ted T_T | ~ VKM 315 ao VKMS 315, 500 400 300 200 foes 100 5 =i ° 500 +000 1800 2000 Air capacity, [m*/h] Calculation of pressure loss in silencers ‘SR (SRF) (L = 900 mm) T TIT 11 1-SR 100/900 70 2-SR125/900 _| i 3-SR150/900_| —“ 4-SR 160/900 ey 3 T 5 ~SR200/ 900 ~] T 6 -SR250/900 50 t 7 -$R315/900 _| t i jek gat Osman Anan 4 30 : T 20 16 jot = 10} At 0 + = 0 500. 1000 1500 2000 2500 Air capacity, [m?/h] Calculation of pressure loss in the air duct TjointsPressure drop, AP [Pa] ets Boo DusLr oor @ mm 100 125 150160 200 250 315 507 100 10 FA | 400 5+ 10 30 10; 20 5t 10 1 5 ost 4 3 / 1+ 2 - 02} 05 mi 50 100 500 1000 5000 10000 Air capacity, [m*/h] Caleulation of pressure loss in air duct diffusers @ = Mvaoprs @ MV1SOPFs G@) MV315PFs @ Mvi00pFs @) -MV200PFs @ MVIR5PFs @)-MV250PFs z° a ae : § / § 20 i 20]