©COMPUTERS AND STRUCTURES, INC.

, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA FEBRUARY 2001

CONCRETE FRAME DESIGN ACI-318-99
Technical Note
Strength Reduction Factors

The strength reduction factors, ϕ, are applied on the nominal strength to ob-
tain the design strength provided by a member. The ϕ factors for flexure, ax-
ial force, shear, and torsion are as follows:

ϕ = 0.90 for flexure (ACI 9.3.2.1)

ϕ = 0.90 for axial tension (ACI 9.3.2.2)

ϕ = 0.90 for axial tension and flexure (ACI 9.3.2.2)

ϕ = 0.75 for axial compression, and axial compression

and flexure (spirally reinforced column) (ACI 9.3.2.2)

ϕ = 0.70 for axial compression, and axial compression

and flexure (tied column) (ACI 9.3.2.2)

ϕ = 0.85 for shear and torsion (ACI 9.3.2.3)

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